泥鳅蛋白抗氧化肽的Plastein反应修饰研究

采用中性蛋白酶水解泥鳅蛋白制备抗氧化肽,以DPPH自由基清除能力为指标,用木瓜白酶对泥鳅蛋白抗氧化肽进行Plastein反应修饰研究。通过单因素试验研究了外源氨基酸种类、pH值、时间、E/S、温度和外源氨基酸的添加量对泥鳅蛋白抗氧化肽Plastein反应修饰的影响,在此基础上采用响应面法对泥鳅蛋白抗氧化肽Plastein反应修饰工艺进行了优化。结果表明,泥鳅蛋白抗氧化肽Plastein反应修饰的最佳条件为:底物浓度40%、组氨酸添加量为0.5 mmol·g^-1、E/S为1 782.49 U·g^-1 、pH值9.0、温度35 ℃、时间3 h,此条件下制备的Plastein反应修饰产物的抗氧化活性是修饰前的1.99倍,其对DPPH自由基的清除率为(77.98±0.08)%。     

硫酸铜对泥鳅精子活力的影响

以泥鳅精子为受试材料,应用计算机辅助精子分析系统,研究硫酸铜(0.1、1、10 mg/L)对泥鳅的精子活力的影响.结果表明,在0 h试验组,0.1 mg/L的硫酸铜明显降低泥鳅精子运动速度,1 mg/L的硫酸铜对运动时间和速度产生显著抑制作用,10 mg/L的硫酸铜时运动百分数、运动时间和速度都产生明显影响(P<0.0...     

Apparent digestibility coefficients of selected protein feed ingredients for loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus

Apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter, crude protein, lipid and energy, and amino acids availability in white fish meal, brown fish meal, meat meal, fermented soybean meal, soybean meal and rapeseed meal were determined for loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) (12.05 ± 0.21 g), using a reference diet with 5 g kg^?1 chromic oxide and test diets that contained 700 g kg^?1 reference diet, by weight, and 300 g kg^?1 of the test feed ingredients. The juvenile loach was held in 300‐l tanks at a density of 30 fish per tank. White fish meal, brown fish meal, meat meal and fermented soybean meal had highest apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter, crude protein and gross energy among ingredients tested, ranged from 50.4% to 60.9% for dry matter, from 64.6% to 88.4% for crude protein and from 57.9% to 79.0% for gross energy. The apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter ranged from 61.0% to 66.9% for animal products and 50.4% to 60.7% for plant products. For crude protein, apparent digestibility coefficients of protein exceeding 80% were observed for white fish meal, brown fish meal, meat meal and fermented soybean meal, and the apparent digestibility coefficients of protein in rapeseed meal were the lowest among all the treatments. Lipids from both animal and plant feedstuffs were poorly digested by loach, ranging from 64.0% to 77.6%. The apparent digestibility coefficients of energy were similar to those of dry matter and protein, and the highest and lowest ADCs of energy were found in WFM and RM, respectively. The loach used dietary phosphorus from the animal feedstuffs more efficiently than from plant feedstuffs (soybean meal and rapeseed meal), with ADC‐values ranging from 42.3% to 53.1% and from 25.1% to 32.7%, respectively. For the animal products, the availabilities of amino acids in white fish meal and brown fish meal were higher than that in meat meal, expect for Met, Asp, Pro, Gly, and Cys. Among all the plant products, the availabilities of amino acids in fermented soybean meal were higher than in soybean meal and rapeseed meal, and thus had a greater potential to be used as a dietary replacement of fish meal in loach diets.     

两种稻田养鳅模式的经济效益比较

在面积为0.67 hm2的稻田中,2014年4月投放外购泥鳅(Misgurnus anguillicaodatus)苗种176 kg,至2014年8月起捕商品泥鳅547 kg,平均利润22 618元/hm2;2014年8月从原稻田养殖的商品泥鳅中选留18 kg,进行稻田原位秋季繁殖鳅苗,共获鳅苗2.9万尾,总重58 kg,越冬后继续养殖至2015年8月,起捕商品泥鳅554 kg,平均利润32 767元/hm2。结果表明,稻田原位秋季繁殖鳅苗模式优于泥鳅购苗养殖模式,操作简便,省去了苗种购买费用,仅增加了催产药品费和孵化用具费用计860元,养殖商品泥鳅经济效益优势明显。     

响应面优化酶法提取泥鳅多糖工艺的研究

为优化泥鳅多糖的超声波酶法提取工艺,样品先在100 W的超声波仪中超声20min,然后在酶法单因素试验基础上,选取酶解温度、酶解时间及中性蛋白酶添加量为自变量,多糖提取率为响应值,采用中心组合设计的方法,研究各自变量及其交互作用对多糖提取率的影响。利用响应面分析方法,模拟得到二次多项式回归方程的预测模型,并确定泥鳅多糖提取工艺的最佳条件:酶解作用温度50℃、酶解作用时间6h、中性蛋白酶添加量5%,在此条件下,多糖提取率为5.37%。     

贵州山区台湾泥鳅人工繁殖技术

为贵州山区规模化生产台湾泥鳅种苗提供科学依据,2015—2016年采用人工催产技术对规格为17~19尾/kg和12~14尾/kg的雌亲鳅505.5kg进行了人工繁殖研究。结果表明:2015年繁育台湾泥鳅种苗4批共840万尾,平均受精率70.25%,孵化率73%,种苗成活57%;2016年繁育种苗5批共1 640万尾,平均受精率93.40%,孵化率96.8%,种苗成活70%;2年共繁育泥鳅种苗2 480万尾,实现种苗销售产值224万元,利润89.6万元。在一定的亲鳅标准(8~10尾/kg)、科学合理的孵化设施(一槽一系统)以及育苗池(单池面积1 200~1 300m~2,池深1.4~1.5m,水位保持1.2~1.3m)条件下,贵州山区能较好地对台湾泥鳅种苗进行规模化人工繁殖,并取得良好的经济效益。     

泥鳅养殖技术研究进展

综述了泥鳅养殖技术的研究现状,着重对国内各种养殖方法进行了收集整理,以期为深入研究泥鳅的养殖技术提供参考。     

泥鳅粉及其加工副产品的营养学评价

利用常规营养测定方法,分别对泥鳅粉及其加工副产品进行营养分析与评价。结果表明：泥鳅水分含量为78.14%,泥鳅粉中蛋白质、脂肪和灰分含量分别为62.64%、8.01%和13.23%;加工副产品中蛋白质、脂肪和灰分含量分别为62.01%、7.76%和7.26%。泥鳅粉与其副产品中氨基酸组成成分一致,均含有17种氨基酸。4种呈味氨基酸含量分别为40.64%和44.98%,必需氨基酸指数（EAAI）分别为62.04和40.59,泥鳅粉构成比例符合FAO/WHO的标准,其副产品构成比例不符合FAO/WHO的标准。