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1.
Wim Salomons 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2005,5(1):2-8
- Dedicated to Prof. Dr. Ulrich Förstner on his 65th birthdayBackground Sediments pose problems at their deposition sites when there is too little sediment (e.g. wetlands) or too much sediment (e.g. navigable waterways) and, additionally, when they are contaminated. These problems often have their origin upstream in the river catchment. Objective Global aspects of changes concerning sediment quantity and quality, as they affect downstream areas, are reviewed. A case study of estuarine sediments demonstrates how a holistic approach helps in understanding and predicting their present and future quality. Results and Conclusions Globally, large reservoirs intercept between 25 and 30% of the sediment and consequently supply the coast with impacts on wetlands and coastal morphology. In estuaries, the composition of sediments is determined by the mixing of marine sediments supplied from the coast and the supply by rivers. Natural tracers can be used to predict mixing ratios of marine to fluvial sediments in estuaries, and hence their contamination. Scenarios on implementation of pollution abatement, the implementation of regulations as well as climate change are needed to predict future sediment quality in downstream areas. The results show, even for a ‘green’ scenario, that sediment quality in the Rhine catchment will pose future problems due to the temporal storage of contaminants in soils and sediments.Recommendations and Outlook The current methods applied make use of existing models linking sediment transport with point and diffuse sources in the river catchments and scenarios on the development of strength of point and diffuse sources. However, more effort is needed to come to a uniform framework which includes land use changes and links with more advanced scenario methodology for long to medium-term management of sediment quality and quantity in river catchments. 相似文献
2.
A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of planting material and plant density on stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) under western Himalayan conditions during 2011 and 2012. The experiment conducted in a split plot design consisted of two types of planting material (rooted slips and fresh seedlings) in the main plot and five inter- and intra-row spacing in subplots with three replications. Yield attributes and dry leaf biomass yield of stevia were not affected by the type of planting material; however, plant density significantly influenced the yield attributes and leaf and stem dry biomass. Although the wider spacing (60 × 45 cm) gave more leaves, higher leaf area index, higher leaf dry mass per plant as compared to closer spacing, it resulted in lower values of these attributes per unit area. Plants spaced in 30 × 30 cm accumulated 41.2% and 42.8% more total biomass than 60 × 45 cm. Steviol glycoside content did not change due to different planting materials and plant densities; however, closer plant spacing (30 × 30 cm) recorded 114.8% and 70.0% higher steviol glycoside accumulation compared to wider row spacing (60 × 45 cm) in 2011 and 2012, respectively. 相似文献
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Zhou Gui-song Li Ji-yuan 《农业科技与信息》2007,(7)
本文对浙江省化学工业区和沿海防护林的抗性植物材料选育、抗性净化效果和沿海防护林应用研究,从中选育出8种多抗性植物材料的应用效果。 相似文献
5.
环形焊口处覆盖层的性能与表面处理质量的优劣有直接关系。钢表面经过适当处理,可使覆盖层的机械性能和抗电化学腐蚀性能大大提高,并可延长管道的使用寿命。介绍了国内几种常用喷砂磨料的特性及适用范围,指出在施工中必须对喷砂磨料及其粒度加以选择,原则是使用最少的磨料清理最多的口数,并且一次除锈作业的持续时间要尽量长。对几种不同粒度石英砂的清理效果进行了现场试验。试验结果表明,使用粒径0.5 mm的石英砂能大幅度提高除锈生产率,且大大降低磨料的消耗量,适用于管道焊接现场防腐补口表面的预处理作业。 相似文献
6.
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in heat flux and temperature after the subject's palm was in contact with interior decorating materials. The relations among heat flux, temperature, and sensation of cold/warm during contact were studied. Ten men and ten women were selected and introduced to 21 materials for the contact test. They were in contact with the specimens for 30min without seeing them in a climate-controlled room at 25°±1°C and 65% RH. Changes in the heat flux and temperature of the specimens were determined by a heat flux meter. A sensory evaluation test was applied to evaluate the cold-warm contact. Results indicated that the heat flux and temperature increased with increasing time after the subject's palm was in contact with the specimens. The heat flux (Q30) and temperature (T30) 30min after the subject's palm contacted the specimens were greater for male subjects than for female subjects. A positive linear regression equation existed between the values for Q30 andT30, whereas a negative linear regression formula existed the sensation of cold-warm by contact (5) and the values of ln(Q1·). Therefore, the sensation of cold/warm by contact could be estimated simply by using the thermal physical properties of the interior decorating materials.Part of this report was presented at the International Conference on Effective Utilization of Plantation Timber, Chi-Tou, Taiwan, ROC, May 1999 相似文献
7.
机械加工表面质量对提高整个机械产品性能具有重要影响。在加工过程中,应该认识表面质量的影响因素,并根据实际工作需要,综合采取相应的改进和完善对策,从而有效预防质量缺陷发生,实现提高机械产品质量和性能的目的。 相似文献
8.
本文对仓内散粒体做稳定、整体、卸载流动时的理想刚塑性模型用分离变量的级数展开法对其进行了数值计算，纠正了原结论性公式中的错误［１］，扩充了计算公式的范围，并且，给出了应力沿径向的分布规律。 相似文献
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10.
曹佳玲 《甘肃林业职业技术学院学报》2006,(1)
职业学院的《大学语文》课教学必须紧密结合职业教育的实际和特点,关注学生持续发展,为专业培养目标服务。应尽量突破单纯文学欣赏的范畴,通过充实教育教学资源,促使语文教学与学生的专业及未来生活密切结合,拓宽其阅读视野,提高学习兴趣和文化品位,增强综合素质,从而使学生形成积极的人生态度和正确的价值观。 相似文献