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Abstract A fish‐based assessment method was developed to estimate the ecological status of boreal rivers. Electric fishing data were collected from 902 rapids, together with information on the land use, channel modification and water chemistry. Discriminant function analysis was used to select fish variables that most correctly classified the undisturbed reference sites and human impacted sites into exact classes. The relationship between the level of human alteration and fish metrics was examined. Five metrics were selected for the index: the number of fish species, proportion of sensitive species, proportion of tolerant species, density of cyprinid individuals and the density of age‐0+ salmonids. The value for each metric (between 0 and 1) was calculated according to a point estimate for classical probability. The index is used to estimate the ecological classification of rivers according to the EU Water Framework Directive.  相似文献   
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Abstract –  The accuracy of bioassessment programmes is highly limited by the precision of the systems used to derive sensitivity–tolerance values for the organisms used as indicators. We provide quantitative support to the objective evaluation of freshwater fish species sensitivity to different sources of disturbance, accounting for co-variation issues not only between perturbations and natural gradients (especially river size), but also between different perturbations. With this aim, we performed two different principal component analyses: (i) on a general environmental matrix to obtain a perturbation gradient independent of river size effects and (ii) on human impairment-related variables to extract independent synthetic perturbation gradients. Then, we checked each species responses to those gradients to assess their sensitivity–tolerance through an available-used chi-squared analysis in the first approach and through a t -test/ ancova analysis in the second one. In this way, we obtained sensitivity–tolerance which could be included in future bioassessment tools, enabling effective evaluations.  相似文献   
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为了解海南省临高县文澜江流域底栖动物群落结构特征,探索适宜的水质生物学评价方法,为文澜江流域环境监测、环境评价和科学管理提供数据参考。于2014年11月对文澜江流域17个点位底栖动物群落结构进行调查,并采用5种生物指数对水质现状进行了评价。结果表明,文澜江流域共采集底栖动物56种,隶属4门、7纲、29科,其中水生昆虫占绝对优势,共38种,占总数的67.86%;底栖动物密度和生物量分别为376.11个/m~2和200.79 g/m~2;多足摇蚊属(Polypedilum sp.)、米虾属(Caridina sp.)和环棱螺属(Bellamya sp.)为优势种,优势度分别为0.16、0.04和0.03。采用Goodnight-Whitley修正指数(GBI)和生物指数(BI)对文澜江流域水质整体评价结果均为清洁;采用Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数和生物学污染指数(BPI)的流域水质整体评估结果均为轻污染,3种水质生物指数评估结果基本相似,并与常规水质监测结果基本吻合。以水产养殖为主的水库出水口和流经临高县县城河道的水质处于中度污染程度,表明水产养殖废水、城市生活污水等对底栖动物的物种组成和群落结构造成了一定影响。  相似文献   
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利用水生昆虫评价南昆山溪流的水质   总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17  
1994年9月,在南昆山溪流上设置3个样点,用综合定性取样法,共采获水生昆虫8目,41科,67属,104咱,共计955头,其中:毛翅目12科,17属,30种;蜉蝣目9科,18属,30种;Ji翅目2科,8属,12种;蜻蜓目8科,12属,14种;双翅目4科,4属,9种;鞘翅目3科,4属,4种;半翅目2,2属,2种;广翅目1科,2属,3种。利用Shannon-Weiner多样性指数,EPT种类丰富度,生  相似文献   
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基于底栖动物完整性指数的洞庭湖典型断面的水质评价   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
2010年在枯水期、平水期、丰水期对洞庭湖的7个典型断面进行了大型底栖无脊椎动物采样,共获得底栖动物40种,其中节肢动物16种、软体动物18种,环节动物6种。根据Shannon-Wiener物种多样性指数确定了4个相对清洁的断面和3个污染断面,然后进行23种生物指数的综合评估,结果表明,(甲壳动物+软体动物)分类单元数、Shannon-Wiener物种多样性指数与Goodnight-Whitley指数3个底栖动物生物指数可以用作辨别洞庭湖典型断面水质的敏感生物指数。通过5、3、1记分法对3种生物指数统一量纲后,获得变化范围为3~15的综合生物指数,运用四分法划分出洞庭湖典型断面水质辨别的生物基准:3~6,差;7~9,一般;10~12,好;13~15,很好。据此对7个断面进行重新记分,获得了洞庭湖典型断面水质的基本分区现状:虞公庙、万子湖、目平湖3个断面的水质良好,而鹿角、坡头、南嘴及东洞庭湖4个断面的水质较差。该水质生物学基准基本适合评价洞庭湖典型断面的水质状况。  相似文献   
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2009年7月14-30日对东江设43个点位进行调查,共采到底栖动物28种,密度为26~2 167个/m2;其中,昆虫纲16种,软体动物门6种,寡毛纲动物5种,蛭纲1种。调查发现,所有底栖动物中,出现频率最高的是管水蚓属(Aulodrilus sp.),为53.5%。根据已有水质生物学评价标准并结合水体理化指标,对比5...  相似文献   
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对茂兰国家级自然保护区6条溪流中水生昆虫进行采集与鉴定,分析水生昆虫群落组成、结构、特征和ETP昆虫季节变化.共采集到水生昆虫11 783个,分别隶属7目41科,蜉蝣目、半翅目和毛翅目为三大优势类群,其个体数占总个体数的58.55%;香农—威纳多样性指数水质评价表明西竹溪流水质为轻度污染外,其余5条溪流的水质都能达到清洁标准;科级水平生物指数(FBI)的评价表明6条溪流均为清洁标准以上.  相似文献   
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The EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) obligates authorities to assess the ecological status of rivers. The sampling of the fish assemblage must be based on a reliable and cost‐effective monitoring programme, and it should be optimised to measure the ecological quality cost‐effectively. The efficiency of single‐pass versus three‐pass backpack electric fishing was measured to assess ecological status. The data included 295 electric fishing samplings from 137 rivers in Finland and a 5‐year data series from six small forest streams in mid‐eastern Finland. Compared with three‐pass electric fishing, single‐pass electric fishing in the same area increased the risk of missing rare fish species and species with low catchability. The concordance of the calculated fish metrics (e.g. proportion of tolerant and intolerant species) between one‐ and three‐pass measurements was, however, high, suggesting that single‐pass electric fishing was a suitable sampling procedure to evaluate ecological status. Increasing the area sampled by single‐pass removals stabilised the variances in the fish metrics and similarity indexes. It was concluded that in small streams electric fishing an area 24–27 times the stream width and in general a minimum of 300 m2, but preferably more than 450 m2, was adequate to estimate fish assemblage attributes reliably in boreal streams.  相似文献   
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