灰绿碱蓬多糖脱蛋白工艺研究

蛋白本身具有热敏感性,糖蛋白复合物在脱除蛋白质以后,多糖自身的生物活性会明显增加。本文测定了灰绿碱蓬根、茎、叶的基本营养成分,采用水提醇沉法提取了灰绿碱蓬多糖,并优化了多糖脱蛋白工艺比较了Savage法、(NH4)SO4沉淀法、TCA法和酶-Savage法这4种方法的脱蛋白效果。结果显示,灰绿碱蓬多糖的最佳脱蛋白方式为酶-Savage法,酶添加量为7%,Savage溶液处理一次,此条件下脱蛋白效果和多糖保留率均最好,蛋白质脱除率为80.71%,多糖保留率为67.27%。     

碱蓬根际和内生细菌菌株对盐碱胁迫下苜蓿生长的影响

为研究碱蓬根际和内生细菌菌株对盐碱胁迫下苜蓿幼苗生长的影响,试验以龙牧801紫花苜蓿为供试品种,将前期从碱蓬根内（JG1）、根际土壤（JT4）和茎内（JJ5）筛选出的具有较强耐盐碱胁迫能力的根际及内生细菌菌株接种于苜蓿幼苗根部。接菌1周后将中性盐（NaCl、Na₂SO₄）和碱性盐（NaHCO₃、Na₂CO₃）按NaCl∶Na₂SO₄∶NaHCO₃∶Na₂CO₃=9∶1∶1∶9混合,并设置0、100、150、200 mmol·L^-1盐碱浓度溶液浇灌苜蓿幼苗根部,进行盐碱胁迫处理。分析盐碱胁迫下碱蓬根际及内生细菌菌株对苜蓿生长及生理的影响,并通过隶属函数和主成分分析综合评价碱蓬根际和内生细菌菌株对盐碱胁迫下苜蓿生长的影响。结果表明：3株促生细菌均能缓解盐碱胁迫对紫花苜蓿生长的抑制作用,促进紫花苜蓿生长,不同促生细菌对盐碱胁迫下苜蓿促生效果为JT4>JG1>JJ5。     

碱蓬和盐地碱蓬花粉形态研究及其在分类上的贡献

借助光学显微镜和扫描电镜研究了碱蓬属2种植物碱蓬和盐地碱蓬的花粉形态，并对不同生境条件下盐地碱蓬4变式的花粉形态进行了对比研究，研究结果表明：花粉粒外部形态成球形；大小在15.4-24.0μm之间；具有散萌发孔，萌发孔数量在46－55之间，萌发孔直径为3．1－5．4μm；花粉粒表面光滑，其上散布许多颗粒状小突起，萌发孔上亦有数目不等的小突起。以上数值在不同种间有较明显的差异，在盐地碱医宵同生态变式间亦有差异，但差异较小。这些细微的特性差异可为碱蓬属植物分类提供参考依据，是研究该属植物分类及生态的新资料。     

Restoration of saline land by halophytes for Indian soils

Usually saline soils were reclamized by chemical or mechanical remediation, since the cost of leaching technique for saline soil reclamation is higher in India. In the present study an attempt has been made to investigate to identify the fast and luxuriantly growing halophytic herbs which are salt accumulators and to assess the feasibility of salt bioaccumulation. From the results it is concluded that among six species studied Suaeda maritima and Sesuvium portulacastrum exhibited greater accumulation of salts in their tissues as well as higher reduction of salts in the soil medium.     

双台子河口“红海滩”退化初探

采用海水监测、翅碱蓬野外调查和盆栽试验方法,研究了双台子河口“红海滩”翅碱蓬群落退化原因,特别是翅碱蓬退化死亡与土壤盐分的关系。结果表明:翅碱蓬生长适宜的土壤盐分含量在10g kg-1~16g kg-1之间,初步认为由于滩涂土壤盐分升高产生盐害是引起双台子河口“红海滩”翅碱蓬群落退化死亡的主要原因。     

Physiological Mechanism of Salt Tolerance in Suaeda fruticosa Collected from High Saline Fields of Khyber Pukhtoon-Khwa,Pakistan

The present investigation was aimed to evaluate the physiological mechanism of adaptation of salt tolerance in Suaeda fruticosa at various phenological stages with varying levels of soil salinity of the selected districts via determining ion accumulation, growth response, osmolyte accumulation, and antioxidant enzyme activities. Randomized complete block design in the selected districts was used with plots sized 6 m × 9 m², having 5 rows that were 2 m long and 30 cm apart, in triplicate. Suaeda fruticosa maintained its chlorophyll a/b ratio even at the greater electrical conductivity of rhizospheric soil at Peshawar, which is indicative of its better adaptability. For Suaeda fruticosa it has been concluded that the species collected from District Peshawar exhibited a significant increase in contents of sugar, proline, and protein as compared to the species collected from other districts, whereas superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and carotenoid content was maximum for the species collected from District Mardan.     

盐地碱蓬人工栽培与品系选育初报

人工栽培盐地碱蓬及高产品系选育试验研究表明 ,人工栽培盐地碱蓬可提高产量 1～ 2倍 ,且碱蓬产量随土壤盐度的提高而逐渐下降。无灌水条件下采用一定矿化度的盐水过量灌溉 ,可有效提高碱蓬产量。黄河三角洲地区人工栽培碱蓬适宜采收时间为 10月 2 5日左右。选育高产变异碱蓬个体比普通单株产量提高 2～ 3倍。     

黄须菜的营养成分分析及评价

对野生蔬菜黄须菜的营养成分进行的分析表明，每１００ｇ样品含蛋白质４．１ｇ维生素Ｃ５２ｍｇ，β－胡萝卜素３．７８ｍｇ维生素Ｅ０．２３ｍｇ，维生素Ｋ１０．１５ｍｇ，引外还含有丰富的Ｂ族维生素，粗纤维，矿物和氨基酸等。     

黄河三角洲滨海湿地生态修复区春季土壤古菌和细菌群落结构探究

盐地碱蓬是黄河三角洲滨海湿地生态功能的起点和核心,其原生修复在土壤改良和微生物功能恢复方面的作用仍未可知.因此,本研究开展了盐地碱蓬修复土壤的细菌和古菌群落结构分析,借助理化性质检测和高通量手段进行了样品实验室检测.结果发现,滨海湿地土壤均呈碱性(pH=7.92～8.45),盐度含量较高(>30.98‰)且非植被区土壤...     

耐盐蔬菜碱蓬优良品系选育初报

以碱蓬(Suaeda salsa L.)为材料,通过系统选育的方法,采用单株选择,结合优选单系随机区组对子代性状的测定的手段,进行品系比较和区域生产试验,选育出适合江苏沿海滩涂生长的碱蓬优良品系5个,该品系的鲜菜、子粒平均产量分别为19 135、2 751 kg/hm2,比对照分别增长13.6%、20.4%。该品系适合在江苏沿海地区大规模推广。