新城疫纳米乳疫苗研制及其免疫效力试验

研制新城疫纳米乳疫苗,并考察其免疫效果。利用伪三元相图法优选配方,并考察其结构类型、形态粒径、稳定性、安全性及免疫效果。结果表明:新城疫纳米乳疫苗为W/O型,澄明均一,乳滴呈球形,平均粒径364 nm;稳定性良好;注射、口服接种安全;每只0.751、.0 mL免疫剂量可产生良好的免疫效果。新城疫纳米乳疫苗安全、稳定、免疫效果好,具有临床应用前景。     

Preparation of nano disperse dyes from nanoemulsions and their dyeing properties on ultramicrofiber polyester

Six nano disperse dyes were prepared using corresponding O/W nanoemulsions which were obtained with sodium laurylsulphate and caprylic triglyceride. The average particle size of the dyes prepared were in the range of 110–130 nm. Exhaust dyeing using nano dyes resulted in low exhaustion yields of 17–26 % on regular polyester fiber and 28–38 % on ultramicrofiber polyester. The observed low exhaustion yields of nano disperse dye can be explained by the solubilization of dye particles into surfactant micelles as well as the high stability of the nanoemulsions, these might reduce the capacity of dye uptake onto the fibers. However, higher K/S values of dyeings with nano dyes on ultramicrofiber sites compared to those on regular polyester sites suggested their potential to be more efficient dyes for finer denier microfiber polyesters.     

氟苯尼考纳米乳的制备及品质评价

为了制备出高效低毒稳定的氟苯尼考纳米乳,采用单因素筛选,通过相图优化制备工艺制备纳米乳,并对氟苯尼考纳米乳的稳定性、形态和粒径分布、含量等指标进行考察。结果显示,以吐温-80、甘油、乙酸乙酯和氟苯尼考为原料制备的氟苯尼考纳米乳品质较好,其最佳质量比为6:3:1,粒径为5～70nm,经高速离心、留样观察,外观和含量未发生明显变化,但对光不稳定。     

纳米乳在食品工业中应用

纳米乳具有高稳定性、高表面活性、高光学透明度物理化学性质,对亲脂性功能组分具有高生物利用度,在食品工业中应用广泛。文章概述纳米乳构成、制备及应用,探讨食品级乳化剂(蛋白质,多糖等)制成纳米乳对亲脂性功能组分包封、保护和递送过程,分析并展望纳米乳在食品工业中应用。     

肉桂醛纳米乳的制备及其抑菌效果研究

为评价肉桂醛纳米乳对水产动物致病菌的抑菌效果,以吐温-80为表面活性剂、乙醇为助表面活性剂、乙酸乙酯为油相,加蒸馏水按比例配制成空白纳米乳,加入肉桂醛制备得肉桂醛纳米乳,并评价了肉桂醛纳米乳的部分特性;探究肉桂醛纳米乳对迟缓爱德华氏菌(Edwardsiella tarda)、嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)、温和气单胞菌(Aeromonas sobria)、鳗败血假单胞菌(Pseudomonas anguilliseptica)4种常见水产动物致病菌的抑菌效果。结果显示,肉桂醛纳米乳中吐温-80、乙醇、乙酸乙酯、蒸馏水和肉桂醛质量比为10∶5∶11∶73∶1,空白纳米乳对肉桂醛的最大载药量为20.11 mg/m L,肉桂醛纳米乳为水包油型淡黄色澄清透明液体,粒径5~20 nm,平均粒径10.74 nm;与同浓度肉桂醛溶液相比,肉桂醛纳米乳具有更强的抑菌活性,在最大载药量时,对嗜水气单胞菌、鳗败血假单胞菌、迟缓爱德华氏菌、温和气单胞菌的抑菌强度分别提高了65.56%、46.99%、41.94%、26.91%。肉桂醛纳米乳对嗜水气单胞菌、温和气单胞菌、鳗败血假单胞菌、迟缓爱德华氏菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)分别0.31、0.51、0.72、1.00 mg/m L。研究表明,肉桂醛纳米乳在水产养殖中具有潜在的应用价值。     

Effects of Oil-in-Water Nanoemulsion Based on Sunflower Oil on the Quality of Farmed Sea Bass and Gilthead Sea Bream Stored at Chilled Temperature (2 ± 2°C)

The influence of oil-in-water nanoemulsion on the sensory, chemical, and microbiological qualities of sea bream and sea bass fillets stored at 2 ± 2°C was investigated. The results showed that the use of nanoemulsion extended the shelf life of fish one or two days when compared with the control. Treatment with nanoemulsion significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the values of chemical parameters throughout the storage period. Bacterial growth was inhibited by the use of nanoemulsion. Nanoemulsion had an inhibitory effect on protein denaturation during refrigerated storage and microwave cooking. Based on the results, it can be concluded that sunflower oil-based nanoemulsion extended the shelf life and improved the quality of both sea bream (Sparus aurata) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fillets during storage.     

复方人参皂苷纳米乳对OVA接种小鼠免疫功能的影响

旨在研究口服复方人参皂苷纳米乳对抗原免疫效果的影响。将小鼠分为正常对照组、卵清白蛋白(OVA)对照组、空白纳米乳组、盐酸左旋咪唑纳米乳组、人参皂苷纳米乳组、人参皂苷-盐酸左旋咪唑水溶液组和复方人参皂苷纳米乳组(高、中、低剂量),皮下注射OVA抗原2次,在首次和第2次注射前3d连续灌胃给药,第2次注射后14d,测定血清(IgG、IgG1和IgG2a)抗体水平、脾细胞因子(IFN-γ和IL-4)水平以及脾淋巴细胞增殖刺激指数。结果表明,复方人参皂苷纳米乳中剂量(50mg·kg-1)组IL-4、IgG和IgG1水平显著或极显著高于复方人参皂苷纳米乳低剂量组和盐酸左旋咪唑纳米乳组,IFN-γ、IgG2a及OVA诱导脾淋巴细胞增殖刺激指数显著或极显著高于人参皂苷纳米乳组、人参皂苷-盐酸左旋咪唑水溶液组、盐酸左旋咪唑纳米乳组、复方人参皂苷纳米乳高剂量组和低剂量组。口服复方人参皂苷纳米乳能诱导OVA免疫小鼠产生Th1/Th2混合型免疫反应,表明人参皂苷和盐酸左旋咪唑能协同增强小鼠的细胞免疫和体液免疫功能。     

托曲珠利纳米乳的研制及其初步质量评价

制备托曲珠利纳米乳,并考察其质量。选用油酸乙酯、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、油酸等为油相,吐温-80、聚氧乙烯辛基苯基醚、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油-40等为乳化剂,乙醇、PEG400、乙二醇、丙二醇等为助乳化剂,通过伪三元相图筛选出制备托曲珠利纳米乳的最优处方,优化处方为油相O1∶乳化剂S5/助乳化剂C4∶水=1.2∶2.8∶6(质量百分数比)。当Km=3时,伪三元相图所形成的微乳区域面积最大;所制备的纳米乳带有淡蓝色乳光,染色特性证明为为O/W型纳米乳,平均粒径为42.99 nm,分布均匀。试验所制备的O/W型2.3%托曲珠利纳米乳澄清透明,12000 r/m in离心10 m in及分别置于4℃冰箱、室温和60℃4个月溶液不分层、不浑浊,仍澄清透明,性质稳定,托曲珠利纳米乳制备工艺简单,稳定性良好。     

白藜芦醇纳米乳的制备及其质量评价

制备白藜芦醇纳米乳并进行质量评价。通过伪三元相图法优选处方,以聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油为表面活性剂,乙醇为助表面活性剂,肉豆蔻酸异丙酯为油相制备白藜芦醇纳米乳,检测纳米乳的形态及粒度分布,并考察其稳定性,紫外分光光度法测其有效成分含量。结果表明,白藜芦醇纳米乳在电子显微镜下呈圆形,平均粒径为16.5±1.5 nm,分布在10~40 nm。白藜芦醇纳米乳保存3个月仍澄清透明,未见分层或絮凝,其稳定温度范围为-4~60℃。纳米乳中白藜芦醇含量为6.184±0.110 mg/L,回收率为95.8%。白藜芦醇纳米乳外观透明、热力学稳定、药物含量高、回收率高,纳米乳基质能明显防止白藜芦醇氧化。     

复方替米考星纳米乳的制备及其品质评价

制备复方替米考星纳米乳并对其品质进行评价。通过绘制伪三元相图优选处方,以替米考星、氟苯尼考、吐温-80、肉豆蔻异丙酯(IPM)、无水乙醇、1,2-丙二醇(PG)和柠檬酸为原料,制备复方替米考星纳米乳,并考察其结构类型、形态及粒径、稳定性。结果表明,复方替米考星纳米乳透射电镜下呈球形,平均粒径为15.4 nm,多分散系数(PDI)为0.08,粒径分布均匀,稳定性试验显示其未分层,仍为澄清透明纳米乳状液。由试验结果可知,复方替米考星纳米乳稳定性好,制备工艺简单,有望应用于兽医临床。