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1.
通过对贪食迈阿密虫(M. avidus)对4种养殖鱼类组织匀浆液的趋化特性进行研究,以探讨贪食迈阿虫对养殖鱼类的侵染特点。试验结果显示,贪食迈阿密虫对大黄鱼、大菱鲆、黄姑鱼、鲈鱼的眼、脑、脑脊液匀浆液有强烈的趋化效果(P<0.01),对皮肤黏液、鳃、肝、肌肉、肾组织匀浆液的趋化性较弱(P>0.05);对不同鱼类组织匀浆液对贪食迈阿密虫的趋化诱导差异比较结果推测,贪食迈阿密虫对宿主具有一定的选择性。本研究有助于深化贪食迈阿密虫致病性的认识,并为海水养殖鱼类盾纤虫病的预防提供参考资料。  相似文献   
2.
根据2001~2012年广西海洋环境监测中心的监测数据,对茅尾海区域海水养殖污染物排放进行计算,采用数理统计法、秩相关系数法分析海水养殖业污染变化趋势.结果表明,茅尾海海区内海水养殖污染呈现显著上升的趋势变化,并针对该现状提出合理的控制对策建议.  相似文献   
3.
Phosphorus removal in a marine prototype, recirculating aquaculture system   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
Phosphorus dynamics were examined in a prototype, zero-discharge, marine-recirculating system. Operation of the system without discharge of water and sludge was enabled by recirculation of effluent water through two separate treatment loops. Surface water from the fish basin was pumped over a trickling filter in one loop, while bottom-water was recirculated through a sedimentation basin followed by a fluidized bed reactor in the other treatment loop. Ammonia oxidation to nitrate in the trickling filter and organic matter digestion together with nitrate reduction in the sedimentation basin and fluidized bed reactor were the main biological features of this treatment system. Orthophosphate concentrations did not exceed 15 mg PO4–P/l in the culture water during more than 1 year of system operation. Much of the phosphorus was retained within the sedimentation basin and fluidized bed reactor. In these treatment stages, the phosphorus content of organic matter was as high as 17.5% and 19%, respectively. High concentrations of total phosphorus and low concentrations of soluble orthophosphate were measured in the initial stages of sedimentation under oxic and anoxic conditions, suggesting that most of the phosphorus was associated with organic matter. Depletion of oxygen and nitrate in the sludge layers of the sedimentation basin coincided with sulfate reduction to sulfide and a release of soluble orthophosphate. The observed phosphorus dynamics in this marine system supported findings from previous studies in which it was demonstrated that denitrifiers underlie phosphorus immobilization under these conditions.  相似文献   
4.
本文报道了1993年和1994年在山东烟台地区养殖对虾发生严重流行病原因的调查结果,着重从养殖环境和饲养管理技术上分析产生疾病的原因,提出了在养殖过程中增强对虾体质、预防疾病的七项措施。  相似文献   
5.
In 2000–2001, an investigation was performed in two Sicilian mariculture sites (Pachino and Castellammare) to monitor physiological and biochemical parameters in sea bream (Sparus aurata) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) specimens farmed in off-shore sea cages. Plasma cortisol and glucose levels, tissue lactate concentration, haematocrit and haemoglobin content, lysozyme, haemolytic and haemagglutinating activities were determined. During the experiment, an increase in tissue lactate and plasma cortisol levels and a reduction in haemolytic and haemagglutinating titers, were recorded. Changes occurring in these haematological, immunological and biochemical values suggest that these parameters can be useful indicators in assessing the condition of chronic stress induced by mariculture operations.  相似文献   
6.
The seaweeds Hypnea spp have been used as a direct human food, for carrageenan extraction, and exploitation of chemical compounds of interest. Nevertheless, its culture is still undeveloped because of difficulties in managing the epiphytic habit. Therefore, this study focuses on obtaining a suitable substrate for Hypnea pseudomusciformis settling and developing associated to a simple and efficient system to produce this red alga in tropical coastal regions of South Atlantic. We developed a substrate comprised of a 1 cm diameter polypropylene cable with 60 cm length, which was totally shredded. This structure allows that the epiphytic algae grow settled on the substrates and not only appended to it. A modular long-line structure comprised of 1 m polypropylene braided cables with two substrates spaced 30 cm each. Testing the prototype in a seaweed small-farm resulted in a growth rate of 5.66 % day−1 and a productivity of 0.64 kg m−1 in 45 days. This simple patented technology may base used the development of the culture of H. pseudomusciformis in familiar or industrial scales.  相似文献   
7.
[目的]明确固定化藻类技术应用于净化海水养殖废水的可行性。[方法]采用海藻酸钙凝胶包埋固定的方法,将培养至对数末期的普通小球藻进行固定,制备3、4、5 mm不同粒径的固定化藻球,比较悬浮藻与不同粒径固定化藻球对海水养殖废水中氨氮和无机磷的去除率及微藻的生长特性。并选择直径为4 mm的藻球、空白胶球、悬浮藻液分别按10%和15%的填充率投放入海水养殖废水中,研究不同填充率条件下藻球对海水养殖废水中氨氮和无机磷的净化效果。[结果]4 mm固定化藻球对海水养殖废水中氨氮、无机磷的去除率较高,填充率为15%条件下去除效果更佳,但藻细胞生长被延缓。[结论]该研究可为固定化小球藻处理海水养殖废水的工厂化应用提供科学依据。  相似文献   
8.
“渔盐一体化”是山东省滨州市凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)盐田养殖的重要模式。为了解该模式下养殖水体浮游植物的叶绿素a (Chl-a)浓度、粒径结构的变化特征及主要影响因子,于2021年5—7月分别在养殖的初期、中期和收获期,测定高盐组(S=54)和对照组(S=32)养殖水体的分级Chl-a浓度[小型浮游植物(micro Chl-a)、微型浮游植物(nano Chl-a)、微微型浮游植物(pico Chl-a)、总Chl-a浓度]及相关环境参数的日变化和月变化。结果显示,日变化:对于总Chl-a浓度,高盐组无显著日变化(P>0.05),对照组在5月和6月存在显著的日差异(P<0.05)。对于浮游植物粒径结构,高盐组7月的pico Chl-a日变化显著(P<0.05);对照组7月的micro Chl-a和6月的nano Chl-a日变化显著(P<0.05)。月变化:两盐度组pico Chl-a、nano Chl-a和total Chl-a最低值和最高值都分别出现在6月和7月。且7月的总Chl-a显著高于5月和6月(P<0.05)。高盐...  相似文献   
9.
益生菌的研究现状及其在海水养殖中的应用   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
随着水产养殖业的发展,疾病问题越来越受到人们的关注,利用益生菌生态防治更是被人们所重视。本文对有关益生菌在国内外的研究进展做一简要综述,并对它在改善养殖环境、防治疾病等方面的作用进行了深入探讨;同时也指出了它在应用方面存在的问题及今后主要发展方向。  相似文献   
10.
Aquaculture of the rock lobster Jasus lalandii has been considered, but is hindered by a paucity of knowledge about conditions that promote yields. This study investigated the influences of temperature and diet on the growth of aquarium-held postpueruli of J. lalandii. First, postpueruli (11.5±0.2 mm CL) were exposed to temperatures spanning 12–24 °C for a total time period of 77 days, while being given a constant diet of mussel flesh. Under these conditions, intermoult period (IMP) was longest at 12 °C (50.6±1.2 days) and at 24 °C (>57 days), and shortest at 18 °C (35.5±1.1 days). Growth increments (GI) were large at 12–18 °C, smaller at 21 °C and negative at 24 °C. Survival was 100% at 12–16 °C, above which mortalities rose to 70% at 24 °C. Food consumption, body mass and condition all peaked at 18 °C. Thus, growth was optimal at 18 °C, but survival greatest at 12–16 °C.

Second, diet-controlled experiments examined the effects of three different diets (blue mussel, commercial shrimpfeed or an alternation of the two) on survival, growth (IMP and GI) and food uptake of postpueruli (11.0±0.3 mm CL) held at 18 °C for a total time period of 77 days. Feeding rate, average growth, body mass and condition were all highest on the mussel diet, and lowest on the shrimpfeed, and the postpueruli consumed more mussel flesh than shrimpfeed. There was little difference in survival of postpueruli subjected to the three diet treatments.

A diet of exclusively blue mussel yielded higher growth, body mass, condition and food uptake than a diet of either shrimpfeed alone or an alternation of mussel and shrimpfeed. The postpueruli acclimated well to culture conditions and survived on a diet of artificial pellets, thus showing good potential for mariculture. On the present evidence, greatest returns are likely at 16–18 °C and with a diet of mussel flesh.  相似文献   

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