MTT法评价猪口蹄疫合成肽疫苗的细胞免疫应答

为评价猪口蹄疫合成肽疫苗免疫猪后的细胞免疫应答,用含有E、F两种多肽抗原的猪口蹄疫合成肽疫苗免疫猪,二免后两周采血分离猪外周血淋巴细胞,再用E、F两种合成肽及二者混合物对淋巴细胞刺激培养48 h,用MTT法检测特异性T淋巴细胞增殖反应。结果显示,在抗原E、F混合物浓度为50μg/mL时,抗原对免疫组淋巴结细胞的刺激增殖作用显著高于未免疫对照组（P〈0.01）。表明,该猪口蹄疫合成肽疫苗免疫猪能有效引起特异性T淋巴细胞免疫应答。     

中草药制剂对泌乳奶牛机体免疫性能的影响

试验采用大青叶、大黄、党参等19味中草药分别组成内服和子宫灌注制剂治疗奶牛子宫内膜炎，并采集颈静脉血测定淋巴细胞刺激指数（SI）和中性粒细胞吞噬力，以观察中草药制剂对奶牛免疫性能的影响。结果显示，中草药制剂均可提高奶牛免疫力，内服中草药制剂应用效果优于子宫灌注制剂（P〈0．05）；复方制剂优于单味中草药制剂（P〈0．05）；复方中草药内服制剂可使淋巴细胞刺激指数（SI）和中性粒细胞吞噬力分别提高53．76％和4．58％（P〈0．01）；复方子宫灌注制剂可使淋巴细胞刺激指数（SI）和中性粒细胞吞噬力分别提高39．58％和1．98％（P〈0．01）。     

PRRSV弱毒细胞疫苗与灭活疫苗生殖道黏膜免疫效果观察

应用组织学方法比较观察了猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)弱毒细胞疫苗与灭活疫苗生殖道黏膜免疫的效果。试验选用5月龄长白×大约克夏二元杂交母猪18头。PRRSV弱毒细胞疫苗和灭活疫苗通过生殖道黏膜免疫接种。结果表明PRRSV弱毒细胞疫苗生殖道黏膜接种组母猪的子宫黏膜上皮内淋巴细胞数较灭活疫苗生殖道黏膜免疫接种组和对照组母猪显著减少(P<0.01);而且子宫黏膜上皮变矮变薄,变得有些不规则。灭活疫苗生殖道黏膜接种组母猪子宫黏膜上皮内淋巴细胞数与对照组母猪间差异不显著(P>0.05)。本试验结果显示PRRSV弱毒细胞疫苗经生殖道黏膜免疫接种则对生殖道黏膜上皮内淋巴细胞产生抑制作用。说明PRRSV弱毒细胞疫苗和灭活疫苗经生殖道黏膜免疫效果不理想     

水飞蓟对动物机体免疫功能的影响研究

将小鼠分为四组，分别饲喂１０％水飞蓟、２０％水飞蓟、环磷酰胺（０．０１ｇ／ｋｇ）和空白对照（常规饲料），研究对小鼠免疫功能的影响。实验结果证明，水飞蓟各剂量组能增高小鼠外周血白细胞数目（Ｐ＜０．０１、０．００１）；提高小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬率（Ｐ＜０．００１，０．００１）及吞噬指数（Ｐ＜０．０５、０．００１）并随剂量加大有增强的趋势；能促进小鼠淋巴细胞转化，提高淋巴细胞转化百分率（Ｐ＜０．０１、０     

Effects of road transportation on lymphocyte subsets in calves

The effect of transportation on peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in 24 calves was investigated by flow cytometry. Blood was collected before departure, on arrival, at 24h and 1 week after arrival. Highest leucocyte and neutrophil counts, associated with increased concentrations of cortisol and catecholamines, indicated that stress was maximal upon arrival. At this time, a decrease in the percentages of all T lymphocyte subsets was evident, while they did not decrease as absolute counts. The proportion of CD21(+) cells did not change, indicating that the relative reduction of T lymphocyte subsets was not related to an increase in B lymphocytes. These variations may be due to the increase of a natural killer (NK) cell subset. NK cell expansion, together with increasing lymphocyte count and increasing major histocompatibility complex class II expression, may indicate stress-induced stimulation of the immune system.     

外源因子介导调控ROS对中国鲎血淋巴细胞参数的影响

以鲎血为主要原料制备鲎试剂是我国鲎资源开发的关键产业链。我国鲎种群数量逐年下降,为实现鲎资源的保护和可持续利用,开展对中国鲎造血作用机理的相关研究刻不容缓。本研究向中国鲎体内注射N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)和灭活鳗弧菌(V),比较注射后0, 6, 12, 24, 48小时(h)中国鲎的血淋巴细胞总数、活性氧含量及非特异性免疫酶活性变化。结果表明,与对照组相比,注射NAC后血淋巴细胞总数(THC)、活性氧(ROS)、丙二醛(MDA)活性均有下降趋势,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、总抗氧化酶(T-AOC)、溶菌酶(LZM)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性均有升高趋势。NAC与不同浓度V共同刺激下,THC、ROS、MDA含量相对仅注射NAC的下降有所减缓,其它酶活性有所升高。而血蓝蛋白(HC)在整个实验中无明显变化。6-48h,NAC组的THC、ROS与V组、NAC和V共刺激组相比呈降低趋势,共同刺激下SOD活性显著高于其它组。48h,NAC、V及共刺激下CAT、T-AOC组间无显著差异,但均高于对照组。NAC+10⁶V的MDA含量在48h最低,AKP活性在12-48h呈升高趋势,而NAC组的LZM活性在48h最高。注射NAC可降低THC、ROS,共刺激可缓和下降,V组THC、ROS升高,但其余血淋巴参数均提高,由此推测NAC和V均能刺激中国鲎血淋巴细胞的免疫机能;机体内的ROS含量对中国鲎血淋巴细胞增殖及再生起着重要作用。     

用淋巴细胞转化试验检测MDVgB重组病毒诱导的细胞免疫

用MDVgB重组痘苗病毒RVV - gB、HVT冻干苗、痘苗病毒WR株经腹腔分别免疫 3组 1日龄SPF鸡 ,1 5日龄攻GA株强毒 ,且每组在攻毒前 1天 ,攻毒后 2 ,4,5天各采脾脏 1只 ,并以PHA为有丝分裂原检测其淋巴细胞转化率。结果表明 ,攻毒前RVV - gB组差异不显著 ,但从攻毒后第 2天起 ,RVV -gB组淋巴细胞转化率明显高于HVT冻干苗组 ,且MTT比色法比形态学检测法灵敏     

The immunopathology of sepsis: pathogen recognition, systemic inflammation, the compensatory anti-inflammatory response, and regulatory T cells

Sepsis, the systemic inflammatory response to infection, represents the major cause of death in critically ill veterinary patients. Whereas important advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of this syndrome have been made, much remains to be elucidated. There is general agreement on the key interaction between pathogen-associated molecular patterns and cells of the innate immune system, and the amplification of the host response generated by pro-inflammatory cytokines. More recently, the concept of immunoparalysis in sepsis has also been advanced, together with an increasing recognition of the interplay between regulatory T cells and the innate immune response. However, the heterogeneous nature of this syndrome and the difficulty of modeling it in vitro or in vivo has both frustrated the advancement of new therapies and emphasized the continuing importance of patient-based clinical research in this area of human and veterinary medicine.     

Flow cytometry: clinical applications in equine medicine

The use of flow cytometry in veterinary diagnostics is becoming a valuable clinical tool with a broad range of applications. Physical characteristics of cells can be determined by the flow cytometer laser and electronics through the measurement of changes in light scatter properties. Other components and functions of cells can be defined through the application of fluorochrome dyes that have an affinity for cellular components. Traditionally, common clinical applications are immunophenotyping of cells of the hematopoietic system with fluorescent-labeled antibodies raised against specific cell surface proteins. Other approaches have been used to elucidate changes in cell function and DNA content. This review is intended to provide the reader with the fundamental uses of flow cytometry. Examples of clinical applications in equine patients include immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, immune-mediated thrombocytopenia (IMT), chronic inflammatory disease, and neoplasia.