Involvement of TLR4/NLRP3 inflammasome in contrast medium-induced inflammation and injury in renal tubular epithelial cells

AIM: To investigate whether Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome were involved in contrast medium (CM)-induced inflammation and injury in renal tubular epithelial cells. METHODS: Iopromide was used to injure NRK-52E cells in the study. The cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay. The protein levels of TLR4, NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speckle-like protein (ASC), caspase-1 and cleaved caspase-3 were determined by Western blot. The releases of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 were detected by ELISA. The apoptotic rate was evaluated by Hoechst staining, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was analyzed by JC-1 staining. siRNA was transfected into the NRK-52E cells to silence NLRP3 expression. RESULTS: CM decreased the viability of NRK-52E cells (P<0.05). CM also elevated the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, TLR4, NLRP3, IL-1β and IL-18 (P<0.05). Silencing NLRP3 attenuated CM-induced releases of inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, treatment with TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 or knockdown of NLRP3 by siRNA transfection both attenuated cell apoptosis and loss of MMP caused by CM. CONCLUSION: TLR4/NLRP3 inflammasome takes part in the pathogenesis of CM-induced acute kidney injury, and mediates CM-induced injury and inflammation in renal tubular epithelial cells.     

大鸨肾脏组织学观察

大鸨肾表面被较深的裂分成前中后三群肾叶。每个肾叶又被其表面的浅沟分成敷个肾小叶。后者由外周的皮质和基部的髓质构成,但小叶内皮质与髓质分界不明显。肾小叶彼此借小叶间静脉分开。小叶周集合管、小叶内动脉、肾小球以中央静脉为轴呈圆周排列。在小叶内,肾小体与小叶间静脉之间主要分布近曲小管,中央静脉与肾小体之间主要分布远曲小管;髓质主要分布有髓质集合管和髓袢。     

CO2加富及亏缺灌溉对菜豆中期与后期生长的影响

为了探明菜豆中期与后期生长对CO₂加富与亏缺灌溉的生理响应,试验设两个CO₂水平:正常大气浓度和倍增CO₂浓度,两个灌溉水平:自然灌溉12次和亏缺灌溉6次,研究CO₂加富及亏缺灌溉对菜豆生长的影响。结果表明,CO₂加富显著提高菜豆生长中期株高与干质量,净光合速率(Pn)与胞间CO₂浓度(Ci)分别显著降低15.48%、37.67%,气孔导度(Gs)显著提高95.83%,菜豆生长后期的叶绿素a/b(Chla/b)显著提高12.29%,水分利用效率(WUE)显著提高46.51%,Ci显著降低12.87%。CO₂加富显著提高亏缺灌溉下生长中期菜豆的株高与干质量,但显著降低根冠比,显著提高叶绿素含量以及Gs;CO₂加富下生长后期的核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶(Rubisco)及果糖-1,6-二磷酸酶(FBPase)活性分别显著提高78.05%与88.69%,CO₂加富使亏缺灌溉下碳酸酐酶(CA)与FBPase活性分别显著提高83.73%与64.84%。综上所述,CO₂加富提高菜豆生长中期对亏缺灌溉的适应性,对生长后期影响作用减小。     

The Cardiac Biomarker NT-proBNP Is Increased in Dogs with Azotemia

Background: Amino‐terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) has been proposed as a useful biomarker for heart disease in dogs. In humans, decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) increases NT‐proBNP. Objective: To investigate whether decreased GFR as indicated by plasma creatinine concentration is associated with increased NT‐proBNP in dogs without heart disease. Animals: Four groups of dogs: healthy (n= 39), azotemic (n= 36), heart disease (n= 37), and congestive heart failure (CHF) (n= 7) presented to 2 teaching hospitals. Methods: Prospective observational cohort study. Plasma creatinine concentration and NT‐proBNP were measured in every dog. Nonparametric tests were used to compare the differences among groups. The median and actual results for each group were compared with the manufacturer's recommended and previously published suggestions for cut‐off values for diagnosis of heart disease. Results: Median (range) plasma creatinine concentration was 1.47 (1.06–1.70), 4.36 (1.74–15.6), 1.22 (0.69–1.91), and 1.45 (0.63–1.64) mg/dL and median (range) NT‐proBNP was 118 (2–673), 556 (37–1,819), 929 (212–5,658), and 3,144 (432–5,500) pmol/L for the healthy, azotemic, heart disease, and CHF groups, respectively. Pair‐wise comparison indicated a significant difference among all groups for NT‐proBNP (P≤ .049). Plasma creatinine concentration was significantly higher in the azotemic group compared with other groups (P < .001) but there was no significant among other groups. Application of 3 recommended cut‐off values led to misclassification of dogs with azotemia as having heart disease. Conclusions: Azotemia results in NT‐proBNP being increased to concentrations reported as diagnostic of heart disease or heart failure in dogs. Care should be employed when interpreting the results of NT‐proBNP in patients with known or possible increased plasma creatinine concentration.     

大蒜浸提液中化感物质对菜豆种子萌发的影响

[目的]研究大蒜浸提液对菜豆种=产萌发的化感作用强度。[方法]以乙醇为提取剂对大蒜进行提取，用大蒜浸提液处理4个菜豆品种（安蔬高产架豆王、赤裕五号、赤裕三号、抗病泰国新架豆王），测定不同处理的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、幼苗长度、电导率和POD活性。[结果]大蒜浸提液对4个品种发芽率的抑制率都在20％以下，种子活力指数的抑制率均达80％以上，对幼苗长度的抑制率均达70％以上，对抗病泰国新架豆王发芽势和发芽指数的抑制率最大，分剐为71％和65％。经大蒜浸提液处理后，幼苗电导率和POD活性显著提高。安蔬高产架豆王和赤裕五号的POD活性分别提高了69％、68％。[结论]大蒜化感物质对菜豆种子萌发有较强地抑制作用。     

壮阳促孕散对肾阳虚大鼠垂体和睾丸组织形态的影响

[目的]研究中药壮阳促孕散对肾阳虚大鼠垂体和睾丸组织形态的影响。[方法]用氢化可的松造大鼠肾阳虚模型,造模7 d,造模同时中药治疗组和阳性对照组灌胃给药13 d。处死大鼠后迅速摘取垂体和睾丸,制作垂体、睾丸切片,观察组织形态变化。[结果]造模后,模型对照组出现明显的阳虚症表现,垂体和睾丸组织发生退行性改变,阳性对照组、中药治疗组垂体和睾丸组织退行性改变得到改善。[结论]中药壮阳促孕散可使肾阳虚大鼠垂体、睾丸组织形态的退行性改变得到改善,对垂体-性腺轴的调节功能有促进作用。     

吉林省菜豆地方品种资源研究及利用现状

吉林省气候寒冷,菜豆资源丰富。其中的油豆、花皮类型品种资源栽培区域性强,其荚宽、肉厚,呈宽刀形,荚宽可达2.5cm。荚色以绿色、花色为主,绿色荚品种占76%,花皮品种占22%。种皮色以花色为主,占资源总数的62%,种子粒大,千粒重最高达700g。且品种名称生动、形象,具有地方特色。     

Further Report on Carcinogenesis or Tumorigenicity of MDCK Canine Kidney Cell(CKC) Lines and Analysis of Their Chromosome Karyotypes

Using Hela cell cultures as positive control and primary canine kidney cell (CKC) or feline kidney cell (FKC) cultures purified in vitro on passage 3 as negative control, the tumorigenicity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells was tested in ＞273 nude mice, and colony formation in soft agarose and haemagglutination under different concentration of plant lectins of these cells were carried out at the same time. Subsequently, very low tumorigenicity strains of MDCK line were successfully selected; these were evaluated for the production of canine or feline combination viral vaccines, free of infectious agents, and of known cytogenetic and tumorigenic. It is thus evident that MDCK cell of M, JB, JC, WB or H strain can be approved as substrate for the preparation of attenuated viral vaccines, but MDCK cell of YA, YB and KA strains can not be approved as substrate for the preparation of attenuated viral vaccines. The heritable character of these cell sub-lines is comparatively stable, and shows little significant difference between passages.     

微囊藻毒素及其肾毒性的研究进展

综述了微囊藻毒素(MC)的结构、理化性质以及MC对肾脏的毒性作用,提出了今后的研究设想。     

草鱼肾组织细胞系CIK的建立及其生物学特性

作者于1982年1月开始进行草鱼肾组织单层细胞培养，至今已连续培养32个月，传至120多代，建立了细胞系，定名为草鱼肾组织细胞系(CIK)。本文介绍了原代和传代培养、细胞形态、细胞生长速度和分裂指数、细胞的保存和对温度的适应性、细胞染色体分析以及细胞系对病毒敏感性的试验和研究结果。CIK生长迅速、适应性强、以20℃-38℃生长较好，28℃左右生长稳定，pH为6．5时仍能保持致密单层，染色体数为非整倍体，众数为55。对草鱼出血病左右病毒FRV具敏感性。