水电站虹吸式进水口的控制

在对河北省几座已建虹吸式进水口水电站的虹吸控制方式进行分析对比的基础上,给出了一种采用液气射流泵将虹吸体抽成“低管”正虹吸,用“Y”形管中的水封保持真空,事故时利用“高管”自动补气破坏真空的控制系统,并分析了该系统的特点,给出了设计计算方法及计算公式。     

Comparison of kinetic properties of a hydrophilic form of acetylcholinesterase purified from strains susceptible and resistant to carbamate and organophosphorus insecticides of green rice leafhopper (Nephotettix cincticeps Uhler)

A hydrophilic form of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was purified from N-methyl carbamate susceptible (SA) and highly N-methyl carbamate-resistant (N3D) strains of the green rice leafhopper (GRLH), Nephotettix cincticeps Uhler. Both of purified AChE from SA and N3D strains displayed the highest activities toward acetylthiocholine (ATCh) at pH 8.5. In the SA strain, the optimum concentrations for ATCh, propionylthiocholine (PTCh), and butyrylthiocholine (BTCh) were about 1 × 10⁻³, 2.5 × 10⁻³, and 1 × 10⁻³ M, respectively. However, in the N3D strain, substrate inhibition was not identified for ATCh, PTCh, and BTCh to 1 × 10⁻² M. The K_m value in the SA strain was 51.1, 39.1, and 41.6 μM and that in the N3D strain was 91.8, 88.1, and 85.2 μM for ATCh, PTCh, and BTCh, respectively. The K_m value in the N3D strain indicated about 1.80-, 2.25-, and 2.05-fold lower affinity than that of the SA strain for ATCh, PTCh, and BTCh, respectively. The V_max value in the SA strain was 70.2, 30.5, and 4.6 U/mg protein and that in the N3D strain was 123.0, 27.0, and 14.5 U/mg protein for ATCh, PTCh, and BTCh, respectively. The V_max value in the N3D strain was 1.75- and 3.15-fold higher for ATCh and BTCh than that in the N3D strain. However, it was 1.13-fold lower for PTCh. The increased activity of AChE in the N3D strain is due to the qualitatively modified enzyme with a higher catalytic efficiency. The bimolecular rate constant (k_i) for propoxur was 27.1 × 10⁴ and 0.51 × 10⁴ M⁻¹ min⁻¹ in the SA and N3D strain and that for monocrotophos was 0.031 × 10⁴ and 2.0 × 10⁴ M⁻¹ min⁻¹ in the SA and N3D strain. AChE from the N3D strain was 53-fold less sensitive than SA strain to inhibition by propoxur. In contrast, AChE from the N3D strain was 65-fold more sensitive to inhibition by monocrotophos than AChE from the SA strain. This indicated negatively correlated cross-insensitivity of AChE to propoxur and monocrotophos.     

不同植被措施下排土场边坡细沟发育时空特征

为明确不同恢复年限植被措施对煤矿排土场边坡水土流失的防治效应,采用样方调查法,以内蒙古准格尔旗永利煤矿矿区排土场边坡为研究对象,以裸露边坡(CK)为对照,研究不同恢复年限(1a、3a、5 a)的沙柳方格+沙棘+沙打旺(SHA)和沙柳方格+沙打旺(SA)2种措施对细沟发育的影响。结果表明:(1)1a时CK、SHA与SA措施细沟宽度均集中分布在4～8 cm,细沟深度均集中分布在2～4 cm;3 a时CK、SHA与SA措施细沟宽度则集中分布在4～8 cm、8～12 cm、4～8 cm,细沟深度均集中分布在4～6 cm;5 a时CK与SHA措施细沟宽度均集中分布在8～12 cm,而细沟深度则集中分布在4～6 cm和8～14 cm;(2)CK(1～5 a)、SHA措施(1～5 a)和SA措施(1～3 a)的细沟平均宽分别为7.57～11.35 cm、7.58～13.31 cm和5.57～6.14 cm,细沟平均深分别为3.38～6.23 cm、4.19～10.34 cm、2.59～4.24 cm,三者的细沟平均宽深比分别为2.39、2.12和2.05,平均细沟密度分别为1.52～5.25 m·m...     

城市慢行空间美景度评价 ——以贵阳市小车河沿河河谷慢行空间为例

以贵阳市小车河沿河河谷慢行空间为研究对象,通过实地调查选取能够较好地反映慢行空间景观特征与景观效果的20处景观样点作为评价对象,运用基于心理物理模式的美景度评价法计算景观样点的美景度值,再通过景观要素分解量化得到景观要素评值,运用回归分析建立慢行空间美景度评价模型,进而对慢行空间美景度进行评价.结果表明,形态优美、具有...     

郭岩山不同海拔天然栲树林土壤硅形态特征

目的 探究郭岩山不同海拔天然栲树林土壤硅形态的变化特征及其与土壤理化性质的相关关系,进一步揭示亚热带地区土壤硅形态含量对环境变化的响应机制。 方法 本研究以郭岩山自然保护区不同海拔天然栲树林土壤为研究对象,在郭岩山自然保护区海拔600、700、800、900 m分别设置标准地,采集不同海拔各土层（0～20、20～40、40～60 cm）的土样,测定土壤不同硅形态含量,分析环境变化对土壤中硅形态的影响。 结果 （1）高海拔土壤有效硅（258.26 mg·kg−1）、水溶性硅（155.69 mg·kg−1）、活性硅（388.97 mg·kg−1）及无定形硅（1 561.97 mg·kg−1）含量均显著高于低海拔土壤有效硅（93.16 mg·kg−1）、水溶性硅（78.38 mg·kg−1）、活性硅（231.84 mg·kg−1）及无定形硅（832.24 mg·kg−1）。深土层（40～60 cm）的土壤有效硅含量（227.53 mg·kg−1）显著高于0～20 cm（120.79 mg·kg−1）及20～40 cm（171.37 mg·kg−1）土层;（2）土壤有效硅含量与活性硅及水溶性硅含量呈极显著正相关,其中,活性硅是有效硅增加最重要的直接贡献形态,而水溶性硅是土壤硅转化过程中重要的过渡性形态;（3）土壤有机质和土壤pH值对各土壤硅形态含量的影响最显著,解释率分别达14.1%和9.2%,其中,土壤有机质与无定形硅及水溶性硅呈正相关,与土壤活性硅及有效硅呈负相关,而土壤pH值与有效硅、活性硅呈正相关,与无定形硅呈负相关。 结论 海拔引起的环境及土壤理化性质变化可改变土壤硅形态含量。研究结果为天然栲树林有效利用土壤硅及调控土壤硅形态提供了参考依据,对天然栲树林的保护具有重要的科学指导意义。     

几种方法测定苹果矮化砧木枝条抗寒性指标的比较

应用几种不同抗性苹果矮化砧木1年生休眠枝条,在低温胁迫下对其电导率、游离脯氨酸、丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性等指标进行了测定比较。结果表明,砧木间的电导率、丙二醛含量、SOD酶活性在各低温点差异一致,表现稳定。测得的砧木抗寒性顺序基本反映了砧木的特性。而低温胁迫期间游离脯氨酸含量没有规律性。电导率、丙二醛含量和SOD酶活性3种测定方法和指标可作为砧木早期抗寒性的实验室综合鉴定方法。     

城市河道生态护坡形式初探——以阜阳市为例

介绍了生态驳岸的类型、特点和功能,分析了生态驳岸设计的要点、植物配置以及亲水空间的构建等,最后以阜阳市中青河、西青河和泉河风景为例研究了如何将生态驳岸形式运用于城市河道的景观建设中。     

科技成果鉴定申请表中“内容简介”的撰写研究及应用

基于本单位在科技成果鉴定申请表中“内容简介”撰写时所存在的问题，就其内容的如何撰写进行了研究，其中包括“应用领域和技术原理”、“性能指标”、“与国内外同类技术比较”、“成果的创造性、先进性、作用意义”等方面的撰写研究，并通过实例进行介绍，具有可供参考借鉴的实用价值。     

Study on DAQ System by Using LabVIEW

Dong village is very valuable for research work because of its special regional and national character and rich cultural implication. In this paper, some information about the location, form and features of Dong village is given. Then, the relationship between the culture and the settlement is analyzed, which provides a clue for understanding Dong village and will be beneficial to creating modern human settlements.     

The Unified Representation of Interface Conditionsof Electromagnetic Quantities Using Exterior Differential Forms

A continuity condition of p-forms across a p-dimensional submanifold isderived.The,various interface conditions of electromagnetic quantities are obtained through theapplication of the continuity condition to Minkowski manifold of space-time.