青山羊精子中乳酸脱氢酶同工酶的研究

用琼脂糖凝胶电泳技术，对山东青山羊精子中ＬＤＨ同工酶进行研究。结果表明，９只青山羊精子中均检出４条ＬＤＨ同工酶谱带。即ＬＤＨ－１、ＬＤＨ－３、ＬＤＨ－４和ＬＤＨ－ｘ。ＬＤＨ－ｘ酶带位于ＬＤＨ－４和ＬＤＨ－５之间，电泳迁移率近于ＬＤＨ－５，含量为ＬＤＨ的７５％，６５℃处理５ｍｉｎ稳定。本文结合ＬＤＨ－ｘ同工酶特殊功能，对其生理意义和临床意义进行讨论。     

Agarose gel electrophoresis of cerebrospinal fluid proteins of dogs after sample concentration using a membrane microconcentrator technique

BACKGROUND: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is produced in the cerebral ventricles through ultrafiltration of plasma and active transport mechanisms. Evaluation of proteins in CSF may provide important information about the production of immunoglobulins within the central nervous system as well as possible disturbances in the blood-brain barrier. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to measure the concentration and fractions of protein in CSF samples using a membrane microconcentrator technique followed by electrophoresis, and to compare the protein fractions obtained with those in serum. METHODS: CSF samples from 3 healthy dogs and 3 dogs with canine distemper virus infection were concentrated using a membrane microconcentrator having a 0.5 to 30,000 d nominal molecular weight limit (Ultrafree, Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). Protein concentration was determined before and after concentration. Agarose gel electrophoresis was done on concentrated CSF samples, serum, and serial dilutions of one of the CSF samples. RESULTS: Electrophoretic bands were clearly identified in densitometer tracings in CSF samples with protein concentrations as low as 1.3 g/dL. The higher CSF protein concentration in dogs with distemper was mainly the result of increased albumin concentration. CONCLUSION: The microconcentrating method used in this study enables characterization of the main protein fractions in CSF by routine electrophoresis and may be useful for interpreting the underlying cause of changes in CSF protein concentrations.     

不同凝胶电泳对玉米自交系DNA多态检测的影响

利用10个SSR(简单序列重复)引物对,对10个玉米自交系进行同源位点扩增,用琼脂糖凝胶及聚丙烯酰胺凝胶两种电泳方法分离,检测其DNA多态性。结果表明,其间的多态性检测结果差异较大。聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳较琼脂糖凝胶电泳能检出更多的等位基因位点,多态信息含量值亦较高,自交系间遗传相似系数的变幅小于琼脂糖凝胶检测中的相应值。聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳的分辨率高于琼脂糖凝胶电泳,对自交系的系统聚类更为准确、可靠,更能真实地反映自交系间的系谱关系。     

甜菜DAMD引物的筛选及不同凝胶系统对扩增产物多态性的影响

为了筛选适宜于甜菜品种纯度鉴定的DAMD引物,笔者利用12 个不同的甜菜品种分别对26 条DAMD引物进行扩增,并分别采用6%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和2%的琼脂糖凝胶电泳对扩增产物进行检测。结果表明,从26 条DAMD引物中筛选出16 条扩增清晰的引物,这16 条引物共扩增出139 条带,其中多态性条带为122 条,多态性百分比为87.7%,这16 条引物可以作为甜菜品种纯度和真实性鉴定的核心引物,同时发现聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳与琼脂糖凝胶电泳的检测结果差异不大,而琼脂糖凝胶具有制作方便、检测简单以及不使用任何有毒药剂等优点,推荐甜菜DAMD扩增产物的检测使用琼脂糖凝胶电泳。     

核桃RAPD扩增产物的不同电泳检测及其序列特点

1.3%琼脂糖凝胶和5%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对核桃RAPD扩增产物检测的结果表明,5%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶对RAPD扩增产物的分离效果较1.3%琼脂糖凝胶好。根据两者的电泳结果构建了树状聚类图,聚类结果大致相同,两种电泳方法都能正确地反映出品种间的遗传关系。通过挑选20个片段进行克隆,发现20条序列都来自核桃基因组。其中,编码蛋白基因的序列为5条,占所克隆片段的25%。     

异源三倍体水稻原生质体培养植株再生

本试验利用二倍体栽培稻（Oryza stativa L.）品种8204,染色体组型为AA,2n=24作为母本,四倍体小粒野生稻（Oryza minuta）染色体组型为BBCC,2n=4x=48作父本杂交,获得异源三倍体杂交种,染色体组型为ABC。F1根尖检查,染色体数目为2n=3x=36。用该异源三倍体杂交种的幼穗诱导愈伤组织,经长期细代培养进行原生质体游离,获     

不同来源琼胶提取琼脂糖的比较

主要研究以条状江蓠琼胶、粉末状江蓠琼胶、条状紫菜琼胶为原料提取琼脂糖的品质差异。研究结果表明，用EDTA－Na2法提取琼脂糖，以条状江蓠琼胶为原料时，去除硫琼胶效果最好，产率较大；以条状紫菜琼胶为原料时，产品凝胶强度最大，结晶紫电泳性能最好，产率最高；以粉末状江蓠琼胶为原料时，产品质量较差，产率最低。     

Analysis of mouse, rat, dog, marmoset, and human serum proteins by capillary electrophoresis: comparison with agarose gel electrophoresis

BACKGROUND: Serum protein analysis in both humans and experimental animal species has so far been carried out by labor-intensive techniques, such as agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE). OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate capillary electrophoresis (CE) as an alternative technique to AGE for the analysis of serum proteins from healthy animals. METHODS: Blood samples were collected into tubes without anticoagulant from 6 fasted healthy male mice, rats, dogs, marmosets, and humans. Serum proteins were separated by CE using a technique standardized for the analysis of human proteins, and the results (efficiency, resolution, and precision) were compared with those obtained through AGE. RESULTS: Compared with AGE, CE resulted in narrower peaks and more peaks. The efficiency of protein separation by CE was significantly higher for all species, and resolution (R) was significantly higher in samples from dogs. Using rat serum, intraday reproducibility was lower for all protein fractions, and interday reproducibility was lower for most peaks, compared with AGE. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that CE is a viable alternative to AGE for the determination of protein electrophoresis in a routine veterinary clinical pathology laboratory. The minimal sample requirement (2 microL), complete automation, and quantitative results make CE an especially valuable technique for protein analysis in experimental animal models.     

黄瓜SSR反应体系的建立

为摸索适宜黄瓜的SSR反应体系，分析了PCR反应体系中的Mg^2 浓度、、dNTP浓度、DNA模板浓度、引物浓度、Taq聚合酶浓度对扩增结果的影响，并比较了琼脂糖凝胶和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶体系在检测扩增产物多态性方面的差异。结果表明：在25μLPCR反应体系中，Mg^2 的最适浓度为0．2mmol／L；dNTP最适浓度为0．2mmol／L；反应体系中Taq聚合酶宜加入1U，引物应加入30ng；DNA最适浓度为5ng/μL。     

黄瓜SRAP-PCR反应体系的建立

为了建立黄瓜适宜的SRAP(相关序列多态性)反应体系,以长形白皮少刺黄瓜B-2-2和圆形白皮黄瓜Y-3为材料,分析了不同来源的Taq酶及其浓度、Mg2 浓度、dNTP浓度、DNA模板浓度、引物浓度对扩增结果的影响,并比较了琼脂糖凝胶和变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测扩增产物多态性的差异。结果表明,在12.5μL反应体系中,Taq酶适用Takara酶,其最适用量为0.5U;DNA模板最适浓度为30 ng,Mg2 最适浓度为2.0 mmol/L,引物最适浓度为0.96μmol/L,dNTP最适浓度为200μmol/L。6%的变性聚丙烯酰胺电泳检测扩增产物效果比琼脂糖检测效果好。用不同黄瓜材料的基因组DNA两次SRAP-PCR扩增,6对引物均能扩增出清晰且重复性好的谱带。因而建立的黄瓜SRAP反应体系稳定可靠。