无土栽培基质对辣椒产量及品质的影响

为探讨克服蔬菜栽培中土壤盐渍化、连作障碍、辣椒单产低、品质相对较差的问题，以具有代表性的蔬菜辣椒作为研究对象，采用草炭、河沙与珍珠岩不同比例的栽培基质对辣椒进行栽培比较试验，结果表明，无土栽培和土壤栽培对辣椒植物的农艺性状、产量和品质有显著性差异，无土栽培其生长势更强、开花更早、产量和品质显著提高，草炭：河沙：珍珠岩1：1：1是增强植株生长势，提高辣椒产量和品质的最佳基质配比。     

疏果对柠檬幼树树体生长及其产量的影响

 以“尤力克”柠檬为材料，研究了全疏果、1/2疏果、1/3疏果和不疏果（对照）对1年生幼树柠檬生长及其产量的影响。结果表明：疏果对柠檬树体冠径、冠形指数、干径与柠檬枝稍数量的影响不大，柠檬分枝级数量有所增加。疏果促进产量的提高，疏果1/2和疏果1/3单株挂果量比对照增加65.0%，17.5%，单株产量比对照增加52.9%，11.8%，666.7m2产量比对照增加52.8%，8.2%；全疏果的单株挂果量、单株产量与亩产量分别比对照降低38.8%，41.2%，44.6%。     

火山灰石砾对烤烟生长及产质量的影响

 在云南腾冲通过田间试验研究了在土壤中加入15%火山灰石砾对烟株生长、病害、烤后烟叶产量、化学成分及色素和多酚含量的影响。结果表明，水田试验添加火山灰石砾处理烟株在前期生长较快且差异显著(P<005)，烤后烟叶产量产值分别达324705kg/hm2，5714808元/hm2，显著(P<005)高于对照处理，化学成分更协调，类胡萝卜素含量较高，处理间多酚含量无明显差异；旱地试验添加火山灰石砾处理烟株赤星病和普通花叶病发病程度显著(P<005)低于对照，烤后烟叶产值、中上等烟比例及均价分别为4840713元/hm2,7210%和173 元/kg，显著(P<005)高于对照处理，化学成分更协调，处理间色素和多酚含量无明显差异。     

Identification and QTL mapping of Z550, a rice backcrossed inbred line with increased grains per panicle

An elite backcrossed inbred line Z550 with increased grains per panicle was identified from advanced backcrosses between Nipponbare and Xihui 18 by simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker-assisted selection (MAS). Z550 carries 13 substitution segments distributed on chromosomes 1, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 12, with an average substitution length of 1.68 Mb. Compared with the Nipponbare parental line, plant height, panicle length, spikelets per panicle, grains per panicle, and grain weight for Z550 were significantly increased. While the grain width of Z550 was significantly narrower, and the seed setting ratio (81.43%) was significantly lower than that of Nipponbare, it is still sufficient for breeding purposes. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping for important agronomic traits was conducted with the F₂ population derived from Nipponbare crossed with Z550 using the restricted maximum likelihood (REML) method. A total of 16, including 12 previously unreported QTLs were detected, with contribution rates ranging from 1.46 to 10.49%. Grains per panicle was controlled by 8 QTLs, 5 of which increased number of grains whereas 3 decreased it. qGPP-1, with the largest contribution (10.49%), was estimated to increase grains per panicle by 30.67, while qGPP-9, with the minimum contribution rate (2.47%), had an effect of increasing grains per panicle by 15.79. These results will be useful for further development of single segment substitution lines with major QTLs, and for research of their molecular functions via QTL cloning.     

Research advances of SAR remote sensing for agriculture applications: A review

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is an effective and important technique in monitoring crop and other agricultural targets because its quality does not depend on weather conditions. SAR is sensitive to the geometrical structures and dielectric properties of the targets and has a certain penetration ability to some agricultural targets. The capabilities of SAR for agriculture applications can be organized into three main categories: crop identification and crop planting area statistics, crop and cropland parameter extraction, and crop yield estimation. According to the above concepts, this paper systematically analyses the recent progresses, existing problems and future directions in SAR agricultural remote sensing. In recent years, with the remarkable progresses in SAR remote sensing systems, the available SAR data sources have been greatly enriched. The accuracies of the crop classification and parameter extraction by SAR data have been improved progressively. But the development of modern agriculture has put forwarded higher requirements for SAR remote sensing. For instance, the spatial resolution and revisiting cycle of the SAR sensors, the accuracy of crop classification, the whole phenological period monitoring of crop growth status, the soil moisture inversion under the condition of high vegetation coverage, the integrations of SAR remote sensing retrieval information with hydrological models and/or crop growth models, and so on, still need to be improved. In the future, the joint use of optical and SAR remote sensing data, the application of multi-band multi-dimensional SAR, the precise and high efficient modeling of electromagnetic scattering and parameter extraction of crop and farmland composite scene, the development of light and small SAR systems like those onboard unmanned aerial vehicles and their applications will be active research areas in agriculture remote sensing. This paper concludes that SAR remote sensing has great potential and will play a more significant role in the various fields of agricultural remote sensing.     

Overhead supplemental far-red light stimulates tomato growth under intra-canopy lighting with LEDs

Far-red(FR) light regulates phytochrome-mediated morphological and physiological plant responses.This study aims to investigate how greenhouse tomato morphology and production response to different durations of FR light during daytime and at the end of day(EOD).High-wire tomato plants were grown under intra-canopy lighting consisting of red(peak wavelength at 640 nm) and blue(peak wavelength at 450 nm) light-emitting diodes(LEDs) with photosynthetic photon flux density(PPFD) of 144 μmol m–2 s–1 at 10 cm away from the lamps,and combined with overhead supplemental FR light(peak wavelength at 735 nm) with PPFD of 43 μmol m–2 s–1 at 20 cm below the lamps.Plants were exposed to three durations of FR supplemental lighting including: 06:00–18:00(FR12),18:00–19:30(EOD-FR1.5),18:00–18:30(EOD-FR0.5),and control that without supplemental FR light.The results showed that supplemental FR light significantly stimulated stem elongation thereby resulting in longer plants compared with the control.Moreover,FR light altered leaf morphology toward higher leaf length/width ratio and larger leaf area.The altered plant architecture in FR supplemented plants led to a more homogeneous light distribution inside the canopy.Total plant biomass was increased by 9–16% under supplemental FR light in comparison with control,which led to 7–12% increase in ripe fruit yield.Soluble sugar content of the ripe tomato fruit was slightly decreased by longer exposure of the plants to FR light.Dry matter partitioning to different plant organs were not substantially affected by the FR light treatments.No significant differences were observed among the three FR light treatments in plant morphology as well as yield and biomass production.We conclude that under intra-canopy lighting,overhead supplemental FR light stimulates tomato growth and production.And supplementary of EOD-FR0.5 is more favorable,as it consumes less electricity but induces similar effects on plant morphology and yield.     

不同调理剂对茶园土壤理化性状及茶叶产量、品质的影响

为调节茶园土壤理化性状，提高茶叶产量和品质，通过近3a的田间小区试验，在氮磷钾肥平衡施用基础上，研究添施腐植酸类土壤调理剂（腐植酸和风化煤）对茶园土壤理化性状及茶叶产量、品质的影响，结果表明：添施腐植酸类土壤调理剂可降低土壤容重7．22％～15．44％，提高土壤孔隙度8．24％～18．62％，pH 2．97％～18．61％、有机质8．86％～27．22％、全氮9．80％～45．10％、全磷6．12％～40．82％、全钾4．52％～40．16％、碱解氮8．81％～45．75％、速效磷0．62％～67．55％和速效钾5．56％～36．09％；并增加茶青产量3．19％～14．24％，提高茶叶的茶多酚5．21％～10．73％。其中，以化肥＋腐植酸＋风化煤处理对提高茶叶产量、茶多酚以及土壤碱解氮含量的效果最佳；以化肥＋腐植酸处理对降低土壤容重、增加土壤孔隙度、提高土壤的有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、有效磷和速效钾含量的效果最佳；而化肥＋风化煤处理对提高土壤pH 值的效果最佳。     

花椰菜施用硼砂效果试验

进行花椰菜施用硼砂试验,结果表明：每667 m2施用硼砂3.0 kg和4.5 kg的处理分别比不施硼砂的对照处理增产216.7 kg和333.5 kg,增幅为10.7％、16.5％,净增收321.4元和549.0元.     

玉米高产栽培技术

结合晋江市玉米种植情况,从精选种子、合理密植、田间管理及病虫害防治等方面总结了玉米的高产栽培技术.     

播期、密度对莜麦品种花早2号产量的影响

为了使莜麦新品种花早2号发挥最佳的产量效应，2007年通过在不同播种期和不同播种密度下对花早2号进行种植。通过试验，初步明确了其在不同播种期和不同播种密度下的产量变化规律，得出了花早2号的最佳播种期和最佳播种密度。