西部某山体滑坡机理及应急治理措施

分析了西部某县城山体滑坡的成因,针对该成因进行治理为例,介绍应急处理的成功经验,供相似工程的山体滑坡治理参考。     

日粮阴阳离子水平对围产期奶水牛泌乳性能的影响

本试验研究了日粮阴阳离子(DCAD)水平对围产期的泌乳水牛采食量、尿液pH值、泌乳初期泌乳性能的影响。选择32头2胎以上、品种、上期泌乳量、健康体况相似的处于围产期的泌乳水牛,随机分成4个组,分别饲喂DCAD水平为+139.89、+54.22、-29.11和-110.21mmoL/kg的4种日粮进行试验,试验期为产前21 d开始至产后30 d。结果表明:随着日粮DCAD水平的降低,各组间试验水牛干物质采食量无显著差异,尿液pH值随之显著降低。各组产奶量无显著差异,但可提高水牛产后泌乳量2.50%～4.86%,极显著降低水牛乳体细胞数(P<0.01);乳蛋白率、乳脂率、乳糖率均有显著提高(P<0.05)。综上所述,泌乳水牛日粮适宜DCAD水平为-110.21 mmoL/kg左右。     

猫下泌尿道综合征

猫下泌尿道综合征（FLUTD）是猫最常见的疾病之一,因其发病率高、病因复杂、确诊困难、治疗后易复发等特点,逐渐成为猫科疾病的研究热点。FLUTD包括多种疾病类型,精准治疗、合理预防已成为科学防控该疾病的关键。本文从FLUTD的分类、流行病学及风险因子、发病机制、临床症状、诊断和防治对该综合征进行综述,以推动猫下泌尿道综合征的深入研究及临床诊疗的发展。     

Metabolism of microbial nitrogen in ruminants with special reference to nucleic acids

Characteristically the metabolism of microbial nitrogen (N) compounds in ruminants involves the degradation of dietary N and synthesis of microbial protein (MP), compounds including a small amount of peptides and free amino acids, which may account for 75–85% of total N and the remainder are nucleic acids (NA: DNA and RNA). Generally rumen microbes contain 10–25% NA‐N of the total N while 70–80% is in the form of RNA. This paper describes the degradation and synthesis of NA in the rumen and their fate in the lower digestive tracts. Their physiological and nutritional significance in different types of ruminant animals is also discussed. The research works on NA metabolism in ruminants has been mainly on metabolism of purines after rumen microbial digestion and absorption in the lower gut. Subsequently, the fate of absorbed purines has been intensively investigated to assess the extent of MP synthesis in the rumen. The method for predicting ruminal synthesized MP and subsequently digested MP has been proposed using urinary purine derivative (PD) excretion in sheep and cattle fed on ordinary feed. The latter approach has now been adopted for calculation of protein supply in some feeding standards, although there are still difficulties in predicting representative samples of rumen microbes, and also uncertainties in variations of non‐renal and endogenous purine losses.     

腹腔镜全膀胱切除原位W形回肠代膀胱术的疗效评价

目的总结腹腔镜全膀胱切除原位W形回肠代膀胱术的疗效。方法 11例浸润性膀胱癌患者行腹腔镜下全膀胱切除加原位W形回肠代膀胱术,记录手术时间、出血量、术后控尿功能恢复时间等。结果平均手术时间及出血量分别为7.5±0.8 h、610.3±12.5 m L,术后30~42 d均恢复控尿功能。术后21 d静脉尿路造影未见输尿管返流及梗阻。术后3个月尿动力检查显示尿流曲线呈持续型8例,间歇型3例。结论腹腔镜膀胱全切除原位W形回肠代膀胱术安全可行,控尿效果良好。     

浅析湖南省果蔬农产品一体化物流运作模式构建应注意的问题

农产品一体化物流运作模式因整合了农产品供应链中的上下游企业的所有物流活动,相对于传统分散的物流,有着诸多优势。介绍了当前湖南省果蔬农产品物流一体化运作的四种模式,重点分析构建物流一体化运作模式应注意五个方面的问题,即:推行农产品供应链管理、实现资源一体化运作、突破体制制约、统一农产品加工标准、建立市场信任机制。