木聚糖超滤脱盐废水的电化学降解研究

用RuO2-Ti网作为阳极，Ti网为阴极对木聚糖超滤脱盐废水进行电氧化反应。结果表明：采用电化学法处理木聚糖超滤脱盐废水，使废水的色度、CODcr和BOD5由原来的1400倍、5160mg／L和l820mg／L降为50倍、150mg／L和100mg／L，达到国家排放标准。同时通过紫外光谱图探讨了电化学氧化作用的机理。     

Effects of intrauterine growth restriction during late pregnancy on the ovine fetal renal function and antioxidant capacity

This study investigated the effects of intrauterine growth restriction during late pregnancy on the ovine fetal renal function and renal antioxidant capacity. Eighteen ewes pregnant were randomly divided into control group (CG, ad libitum, 0.67 MJ ME·BW^−0.75·day⁻¹, n = 6), restricted group 1 (RG1, 0.18 MJ ME·BW^−0.75·day⁻¹, n = 6), and restricted group 2 (RG2, 0.33 MJ ME·BW^−0.75·day⁻¹, n = 6). At 140 days, the fetal blood, allantoic fluid and kidney tissue were collected to determinate fetal renal function and renal antioxidant capacity. The results showed that the fetal weight, kidney weight, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), aquaporin-2 (AQP-2) and aquaporin-3 (AQP-3), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in RG1 group were decreased compared with the CG (P < 0.05), but the contents of β2-Microglobulin (β 2-MG), cystatin C (Cys-C), filtered sodium excretion fraction (FENa), malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydroxyl radical (OH) in RG1 group were increased (P < 0.05). The impaired ovine fetal renal growth, antioxidant imbalance and dysfunction of glomerulus ultrafiltration, and the renal tubules reabsorption were induced by maternal malnutrition during late pregnancy.     

Limited effects of land use on soil dissolved organic matter chemistry as assessed by excitation–emission fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular weight fractionation

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in soil solution represents a complex mixture of organic molecules and plays a central role in carbon and nitrogen cycling in plant–microbial–soil systems. We tested whether excitation–emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy can be used to characterize DOM and support previous findings that the majority of DOM is of high molecular weight (MW). EEM fluorescence spectroscopy was used in conjunction with MW fractionation to characterize DOM in soil solution from a grassland soil land management gradient in North Wales, UK. Data analysis suggested that three distinct fluorescence components could be separated and identified from the EEM data. These components were identified as being of humic‐like or fulvic‐like origin. Contrary to expectations, the majority of the fluorescence signal occurred in the small MW (<1 kDa) fraction, although differences between soils from the differently managed grasslands were more apparent in larger MW fractions. We conclude that following further characterization of the chemical composition of the fluorophores, EEM has potential as a sensitive technique for characterizing the small MW phenolic fraction of DOM in soils.     

超滤技术对苹果汁加工中主要芳香成分影响的研究

选用青香蕉苹果和国光苹果为原料,研究了超滤对苹果汁主要芳香成分的影响。苹果汁用国产平板膜超滤机澄清,用顶空动态采样法收集芳香物,用气相色谱法分析芳香成分。通过比较超滤前后青香蕉和国光苹果汁芳香成分的变化,截留分子量为10000daltons的聚砜膜PS—10对苹果汁芳香成分保留有良好效果,优于PS—30,PS—60和PS—80;聚砜膜对醇类芳香成分保留优于酯类芳香成分,并对其截留机理作了初步探讨,认为吸附起主要作用。芳香物回收实验表明,12000Pa,50℃为苹果汁芳香成分回收的适宜条件。     

鲜榨苹果汁陶瓷膜超滤澄清与除菌的中试试验研究

该研究应用膜孔径为100 nm的陶瓷膜错流超滤中试系统(MEMBRALOX^?，Pall)对果胶酶酶解后的鲜榨苹果原汁进行了过滤澄清与除菌效果研究。结果表明，100 nm陶瓷膜错流超滤的最佳操作条件为：跨膜压力为0.85×10⁵ Pa，温度为50℃，膜面流速为5 m/s；以0.5%次氯酸钠和4% NaOH溶液作为清洗剂，膜通量的恢复率可以达到98%。过滤后果汁中的悬浮颗粒和引起浊度升高的大分子胶体物质大部分被滤除，而果汁的各项质量指标如pH值、总酸、糖度等却未发生     

A Method of Purification of Bovine Colostrum slgA

sIgA in bovine colostrum was purified by ultrafiltration and enzymolysis methods in this experiment, and the prepared substance was detected by Western Blot. The purity and yield were up to 73.6% and 65.2%, respectively. This convenient technique offers helpful exploration for production of bovine colostrum sIgA     

Isolation and Purification of Bovine Colostrum sIgA and IgG

To further utilize bioactive substance such as bovine colostrum sIgA and IgG,sIgA and IgG were isolated and purified simultaneously by salting out,ultrafiltration and gel chromatography,etc.The analysis of results were showed quantitatively by non-hydrogenized SDS-PAGE,and quanlities of sIgA and IgG were respectively detected by Western Blot.The results showed that the purity and yield of bovine colostrum sIgA were 85.3%and 42.8%,respectively,while the purity and yield of bovine colostrum IgG were respectively 97.2%and 64.4%.This preparative method provides theoretical and experimental foundation for sIgA industrial production.     

姬松茸子实体多糖的分子量分布研究

微滤和不同截留分子量的超滤串联,对姬松茸子实体粗多糖进行分级纯化,工艺简单可行,操作方便。可将姬松茸多糖按分子量分成>30万Da、30万~8万Da,8万~1万Da以及<1万Da 4个级别,所得多糖质量分布比例约为5∶1∶3∶1。在低温下干燥制备的姬松茸多糖制品,纯度均高于70%,多糖总回收率高达75.60%。     

豆浆和黄浆水的超滤试验研究

用醋酸纤维素膜和聚矾膜对豆浆和黄浆水进行了超滤试验。分析了液体温度、压力、流速、ｐＨ值等因素对渗透流量和截留率的影响。通过正交试验，得到了处理黄浆水废液的最佳工况。     

黄芪多糖及皂甙提取工艺研究

黄芪多糖和皂甙是药用皂芪的两个主要有效成分。该文探讨了黄芪多糖(ASP)和皂甙(AS)的提取工艺,研究了从黄芪中同时得到多糖和皂甙的提取工艺。采用先醇提后水提的方法,确定了合适的醇提次数和浓度。另外,还研究了超滤法与树脂吸附法相结合的工艺,可以同时得到高含量的多糖和皂甙产品