Molecular Evidence for Persistence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in the Absence of Clinical Abnormalities in Horses after Recovery from Acute Experimental Infection

Background: Anaplasma phagocytophilum infects several mammalian species, and can persist in sheep, dogs, and calves. However, whether this organism persists in horses or induces long-term clinical abnormalities is not known.
Objectives: To evaluate whether A. phagocytophilum can persist in horses and to document clinical findings for 3 months after complete recovery from acute disease.
Animals: Five clinically normal adult horses that had recovered spontaneously from experimentally induced acute disease caused by a Swedish equine isolate of A. phagocytophilum .
Methods: Horses were monitored for up to 129 days post inoculation (PI) by daily clinical examination and at least alternate day blood sampling for evidence of A. phagocytophilum on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and blood smears. All horses were euthanized and underwent postmortem examination.
Results: All horses were periodically PCR positive after recovery from acute infection. Before day 66 PI 2 horses were persistently PCR negative whereas 3 horses were intermittently PCR positive. Subsequently, 4 of 5 horses were intermittently PCR positive, particularly after stress mimicking interventions. One animal was positive immediately before postmortem examination. Clinical abnormalities related to persistence of anaplasma were not observed. No specific changes were found at postmortem examination, and all sampled tissues from all horses were negative on PCR for A. phagocytophilum .
Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Infection with A. phagocytophilum can persist in the horse for at least 129 days. However, the continued presence of the organism is not associated with detectable clinical or pathological abnormalities.     

去乙酰化酶SIRT1过表达对猪卵巢颗粒细胞中AMPK活性的影响

构建猪SIRT1基因全长编码区(coding region sequence,CDS)的真核表达载体,转染猪原代卵巢颗粒细胞,探讨SIRT1基因过表达对猪卵巢颗粒细胞中AMPK基因的转录及其蛋白活性的影响。测序结果表明,猪SIRT1基因的CDS区全长大小为2 229 bp,与NCBI发布的猪SIRT1基因m RNA序列(EU030283.2)一致;转染p EGFP–C1–SIRT1载体的颗粒细胞中SIRT1的m RNA表达水平和蛋白表达水平极显著高于空载体对照组(P0.01);p EGFP–C1–SIRT1转染组细胞中,AMPK–α1和AMPK–α2基因的m RNA表达量显著高于空载体对照组,且细胞中AMPKαThr172位点的磷酸化水平显著升高(P0.05)。结果表明,体外培养的原代猪卵巢颗粒细胞中的SIRT1基因过表达使AMPK的表达显著增加,影响AMPK的活性,推测SIRT1可能通过AMPK在猪卵巢颗粒细胞凋亡过程中发挥重要的调控作用。     

Efficiency of a pedometer device for detecting estrus in standing heat and silent heat in Japanese Black cattle

The usefulness of a radiotelemetric pedometer for estrus detection in standing (ST) heat, or in silent heat without ST events, but in which ovulation is observed, in Japanese Black cattle was investigated. The duration of an increase in steps in ST heat was 11.8 ± 1.3 hr, and it was similar to that of ST events (duration: 10.1 ± 0.8 hr). Even in silent heat, the change pattern and the duration (11.6 ± 0.2 hr) of the period with an increase in steps during estrus were not different compared with ST heat. When artificial insemination (AI) was performed at 15.5 ± 0.6 hr from the onset of estrus detected by the pedometer in ST heat cases, the conception rate was 57.1% (8/14). Furthermore, fertility in cattle that underwent silent heat was evaluated. When AI was performed at 14.4 ± 2.0 hr from the onset of estrus detected by the pedometer, the conception rate was 60% (3/5) in silent heat cases. The overall results suggest that the radiotelemetric pedometer is a valid device for detecting estrus and it can even detect silent heat in Japanese Black cattle. Moreover, even silent heat cattle are fertile when AI is performed at the appropriate time.     

偏偏喜欢你——赠我的沉默战友阿秋

我偏偏喜欢你你陪我数过无数的闪闪星光我偏偏喜欢你你陪我度过无数的分分秒秒我喜欢捧着你的脸欣赏你那俊朗的脸庞我喜欢握着你的手感受你那铁骨般柔情白天你在我的每一份期盼里午夜你在我的每一个梦境里我愿意携你并肩做战我愿意率你精忠报国卢伟偏偏喜欢你——赠我的沉默战友阿秋@卢伟$公安部昆明警犬基地刑侦班!650204~~     

硝苯地平控释片治疗无痛性心肌缺血对左心功能的影响

硝苯地平（２０ｍｇ，ｑ１２ｈ×３ｗｋ）治疗无痛性心肌缺血２３例（男１５例，女８例，年龄５５±９．４ａ），对左心功能和ＲＡＡ检测结果显示：治疗后ＨＲ、ＳＢＰ、ＤＢＰ和ＭＡＰ均降低，以ＤＢＰ和ＭＡＰ降低显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）；缺血型ＳＴ段明显改善（Ｐ＜０．０１）；核素心功能ＬＶＥＦ、ＳＶ、ＥＲ和ＲＣＯ均升高（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１）；血浆ＰＲＡ和ＡｎｇⅡ降低明显（Ｐ＜０．０５）。表明该药有良好的降压和改善左心功能效应。     

《寻找母亲花园》的黑人女性主义传统--兼谈爱丽丝·沃克的黑人女性主义观

爱丽丝·沃克在<寻找母亲花园>中揭示了奴隶制和种族歧视的政治、经济和社会的约束,历史性地扼杀了黑人妇女的创造性这一事实,追寻了黑人女性主义传统,用动人的笔调把黑人妇女受到压制的创造力追溯到像缝制被子和培育鲜花这种无语的艺术形式,运用这种无语的艺术形式所蕴含的隐喻来寻找黑人文学母系.沃特对传统的挖掘这一工作对美国黑人女性文学、黑人文学以及整个美国文学都具有重大意义.     

Expression and inheritance of isozymes in Brassica species and in their interspecific hybrids

Abstract

Gene expression was analysed by means of isozyme electrophoresis for three diploid species Brassica rapa (genome AA), B. nigra (BB), and B. oleracea/ B. oleracea var. alboglabra (CC), three amphidiploids B. juncea (AABB), B. napus (AACC) and B. carinata (BBCC), and in 15 interspecific hybrids from crosses within and between the diploids and the amphidiploids. Five enzyme systems were assessed: glucosephosphate isomerase, leucine aminopeptidase, phosphoglucomutase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase. Alleles descending from the diploid species were found both in natural and artificially produced amphidiploids. No effect of reciprocal crosses was observed. i.e., the Brassica isozymes were under nuclear gene control. Mendelian segregation in the F₂ generation from crossing two resynthesized B. napus was observed for the loci glucosephosphate isomerase-2 and phosphoglucomutase-3. Genome-specific alleles were identified for several loci. No alteration in the allelic expression of isozymes was found when assembling all three Brassica genomes in the trigenomic interspecific hybrids. Moreover, trigenomic hybrids were capable of disclosing a silent allele of leucine aminopeptidase from B. carinata, and thus in this study the capability of isozyme analysis for detecting hidden variation was demonstrated.     

A Practical Strategy to Discover New Antitumor Compounds by Activating Silent Metabolite Production in Fungi by Diethyl Sulphate Mutagenesis

Many fungal biosynthetic pathways are silent in standard culture conditions, and activation of the silent pathways may enable access to new metabolites with antitumor activities. The aim of the present study was to develop a practical strategy for microbial chemists to access silent metabolites in fungi. We demonstrated this strategy using a marine-derived fungus Penicillium purpurogenum G59 and a modified diethyl sulphate mutagenesis procedure. Using this strategy, we discovered four new antitumor compounds named penicimutanolone (1), penicimutanin A (2), penicimutanin B (3), and penicimutatin (4). Structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, especially extensive 2D NMR analysis. Antitumor activities were assayed by the MTT method using human cancer cell lines. Bioassays and HPLC-photodiode array detector (PDAD)-UV and HPLC-electron spray ionization (ESI)-MS analyses were used to estimate the activated secondary metabolite production. Compounds 2 and 3 had novel structures, and 1 was a new compound belonging to a class of very rare natural products from which only four members are so far known. Compounds 1–3 inhibited several human cancer cell lines with IC₅₀ values lower than 20 μM, and 4 inhibited the cell lines to some extent. These results demonstrated the effectiveness of this strategy to discover new compounds by activating silent fungal metabolic pathways. These discoveries provide rationale for the increased use of chemical mutagenesis strategies in silent fungal metabolite studies.