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1.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the association between morphometric variables and carcass characteristics in Pirapitinga. We used a thousand specimens of Pirapitinga with an average weight of 1,200 g, which were stunned, slaughtered, weighed, measured, and processed for morphometric and processing yield analysis, to obtain weights, carcass and fillet yields. Initially, the linearity of the variables was verified. Pearson's simple and partial correlation tests were performed between all metrics. Track analysis was performed considering the weights and yields of carcass and filet as dependent variables and the others as independent variables. Ridge regression models were used to eliminate the effects of multicollinearity among the independent variables. Observations showed that the simple correlations between body weights and yields were superior to the partial ones in terms of magnitude. The length and circumference of the specimens were the measures most linearly associated with weight, carcass weight and fillet with rib weight. As for carcass yield and fillet yield, linear correlation coefficients were low and not significant when associated with body weights. With the path analysis, we could observe significant positive correlations between the morphometric measurements for weight, carcass weight and fillet with rib weight. The standard length, body circumference and body circumference/body height ratio are the most correlated. The latter are the most important variables in the evaluation of body weights in Pirapitinga fish. They can serve as criteria for indirect selection in searching for fish with better carcass characteristics. As for fillet and carcass yields, the morphometric variables have not shown to be efficient for indirect selection.  相似文献   
2.
U形渠道圆头量水柱测流影响因素试验及模拟   总被引:7,自引:6,他引:1  
为研究U形渠道圆头量水柱的测流规律及影响因素,基于绕流理论和RNG k-ε湍流模型,对18种体型圆头量水柱5种工况下的水力性能进行全流场数值计算,获得了时均流场、断面流速分布及柱后水流流态,并与实测值进行对比。同时,通过模型试验与数值仿真研究了V形尾翼对测流的影响。结果表明:水力参数的实测值与模拟值具有较好的一致性,渠道底坡为1/1 000,流量为45.01 L/s,收缩比及长宽比分别为0.50和2时,驻点处横断面最大流速模拟值与实测值相对误差为1.51%,水深15 cm位置剖面最大流速模拟值与实测值相对误差为0.45%。适宜长宽比的V形尾翼可以有效改善过槽水流:当收缩比为0.50~0.75时,建议长宽比为3/2~2;当收缩比0.50时,长宽比应相应增大,但不宜5/2。通过回归分析得到的圆头量水柱流量计算公式,在收缩比为0.63时最大测流误差为4.95%,平均误差仅为0.10%,该研究为圆头量水柱在中国北方灌区末级渠系的进一步应用提供参考。  相似文献   
3.
Variation in the distribution and abundance of nearshore fishes is critical to understand food web processes and fishery management issues in Lake Michigan. This study characterised patterns in abundance of three common nearshore species, yellow perch Perca flavescens (Mitchell), round goby Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas) and alewife Alosa pseudoharengus (Wilson), in relation to spatio‐temporal, abiotic and biotic factors using gillnet sampling conducted across 5 years at multiple locations representing different substrates. Significant variations were observed in alewife and round goby catches between locations. A negative relationship between round goby and age‐0 yellow perch catch was observed, indicating potential competition between the two species. This study demonstrates that variability in nearshore fish communities can be driven by factors including substrate and interspecific interactions. Given the prominent role these species play in Lake Michigan's food web and thus their importance to fishery production, a thorough understanding of these factors is warranted.  相似文献   
4.
精量播种机V型凹槽拨轮式导种部件设计与试验   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
为提高导种投送均匀性与稳定性,满足精量播种作业要求,设计了一种Ⅴ型凹槽拨轮式导种部件,对其滑移导种曲线、Ⅴ型凹槽和柔性拨种轮进行优化分析。依据离散元法建立导种部件-玉米籽粒间作用模型,运用EDEM软件对导种投送环节进行虚拟仿真,分析籽粒在导种管内滑移状态。以勺式玉米排种器为排种载体,结合正交试验设计和虚拟仿真技术进行多因素正交旋转试验,以机具前进速度、排种器工作转速和导种曲线投种点切线倾角为试验因素,合格指数与变异系数为试验指标,采用多目标变量优化方法建立因素与指标间的数学模型,运用Design-Expert 6.0.10软件进行数据处理优化。仿真表明,当前进速度、工作转速和切线倾角分别为7.69 km/h、29.47 r/min和46.10°时,导种均匀性及稳定性最优,其合格指数为92.05%,变异系数为8.00%。在此基础上,利用室内台架开展了高速摄像测定试验、性能对比试验及振动适应试验。试验结果表明,多数籽粒在导种管内以平稳状态滑移,极少数出现不规则碰撞及翻滚;所设计的导种部件对不同类型玉米籽粒适应性良好,且其合格指数与无导种管基本相同,变异系数优于可伸缩塑料导种管、弧形导种管及无导种管,可适用于勺式、指夹式和气吸式玉米排种器;在振动幅度为1~3 mm、振动频率为1~4 Hz工况下,振动幅度及频率对导种部件作业均匀性影响较小。  相似文献   
5.
捡拾臂是圆草捆捡拾车的核心部件之一,其结构设计的合理性与作业过程的实用性是影响圆草捆捡拾车研发与生产的重要因素。针对圆草捆所处野外环境的多变性、圆草捆本身姿态的多样性,结合满足成功捡拾与提高捡拾效率的预定要求,对提升臂进行了结构预设计,并在此基础上进行优化分析与求解。结果显示;圆草捆捡拾车提升臂的结构设计中,提升臂的离地高度、两臂之间距离、单臂前端斜梁弯折角度及提升臂与车架距离等是影响圆草捆捡拾成功率与捡拾效率的重要参数。为了进一步确定合理的结构参数,对圆草捆捡拾臂进行了结构的理想化建模,并列出了相应优化问题的数学模型,并运用Mat Lab绘出相关图形,结合图解法得出的相关数据,为提升臂结构的设计提供了理论指导。  相似文献   
6.
In just two decades, round goby Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas) has dispersed throughout most of the Baltic and the North American Great Lakes. It thrives in shallow sheltered areas, where it is impacting native fauna. In Denmark, researchers, governmental institutions and fishers have joined in an effort to establish a sustainable round goby fishery. To do so, basic information about the movement of round goby is essential, so the movements of 50 round gobies were tracked using acoustic telemetry. The results revealed that activity took place mainly at night and seasonal migrations were common. The most frequent migration behaviour observed was a seaward return migration during winter, which was further confirmed by a snorkel survey. Tracking data also revealed riverine upstream dispersal. The results demonstrate that the round goby can be mapped using telemetry, and it is suggested that fishing for round goby may improve efficiency by targeting seasonal migration corridors.  相似文献   
7.
以呼伦贝尔市蒙拓农机科技股份有限公司生产的9YG-1.3型圆草捆打捆机为样机,针对其控制部分存在自动化程度低、草捆边缘布网太松、操作繁琐及需人工手动计数等问题,运用昆仑通态MCGS编程软件和Keil u Vision4软件,设计了一款以单片机系统为控制核心,以MCGS触摸屏为人机界面,配备各种相应传感器和控制输出硬件的自动控制系统。该系统通过人机监控界面,实现了对捆草机运行状况的实时监控。试验结果表明:本控制系统有效地解决了捆草机的灵活布网问题与计数问题,并可以实时进行停车、开仓门、关仓门与报警声亮提示,提高了捆草机的工作效率和自动化水平。  相似文献   
8.
【目的】基于临界流原理,研究不同因素对U形渠道圆头量水柱水力性能的影响,为其在我国北方灌区的推广应用提供参考。【方法】对U形渠道上6种喉口收缩比(ε=0.75,0.70,0.63,0.56,0.50,0.44)的圆头量水柱在5种流量(Q=0.015,0.025,0.035,0.045,0.055m3/s)、4种渠道比降(i=1/1 000,1/2 000,1/3 000,1/5 000)下的测流公式、适宜喉口收缩比、水头损失、临界淹没度、测流精度等水力性能进行试验研究。【结果】圆头量水柱的驻点水深与流量间存在良好的指数相关关系,相关系数达0.997。根据试验数据回归分析得到了4种渠道比降的流量计算公式,公式符合量纲和谐原理,满足了测流精度的要求,实测流量与计算流量之间最大误差为6.79%;圆头量水柱的适宜喉口收缩比为0.50~0.70时,上游壅水高度和水头损失均较小,且临界淹没度较高,可达0.90。【结论】圆头量水柱具有结构简单、抗淤堵等优点,适合在我国北方多泥沙水源的渠道中应用。  相似文献   
9.
Flexion of the horse’s head and neck during dressage riding reduces the pharyngeal lumen with the risk of increased upper airway resistance and upper airway obstructions. According to the Fédération Equestre Internationale, hyperflexion is achieved through force, whereas the position low–deep–round is nonforced. The objectives of this study were to evaluate (1) applied rein tension and (2) dynamic structural disorders in the upper airways in dressage horses in different gaits and different head–neck positions (HNPs). Overground endoscopy (OGE) and rein tension were evaluated in 13 clinically healthy and high-performance Warmblood dressage horses while being ridden in a standardized program comprised of four different gaits (halt, walk, trot, and canter) and in four HNPs (unrestrained, competition frame, hyperflexion, and low–deep–round). All included horses were able to achieve the desired HNPs. The HNP low–deep–round showed significantly lower rein tension than competition frame (P < .001) and hyperflexion (P < .001). An association was found between dynamic structural disorders in the upper airway tract evaluated by OGE and head–neck flexion, but this association was not linked to the degree of flexion. The HNP hyperflexion was neither associated with greater rein tension nor severe dynamic structural disorders than the HNP competition frame. This study confirms that low–deep–round is a nonforced position, in contrast to hyperflexion. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether dynamic structural disorders are a result of flexion or if the degree of flexion has an impact.  相似文献   
10.
旋转式农机土槽试验台运行平稳性控制方法及试验验证   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
为了解决旋转式土槽试验台的槽体和槽内土壤质量较大带来速度不容易控制和调节的问题,建立轮胎摩擦驱动的旋转式土槽试验台的数学模型。根据旋转式土槽交流伺服驱动器的特点设计了模糊控制器,对模糊控制进行优化并进行MATLAB仿真、对比。当交流伺服驱动器初始输入转速为300 r/min时,优化前后土槽在模糊控制策略下输出转速最终都稳定在3 r/min;优化后模糊控制下的土槽输出转速超调量小,最大转速为3.4 r/min,比优化前的3.7减小0.3 r/min,土槽输出转速稳定在3 r/min的时间由优化前的9.0减少到8.0 s,后期无振荡。试验结果表明:当旋转式土槽交流伺服驱动器输入转速320 r/min时,土槽运行稳定性误差由模糊控制的0.034降低到优化模糊控制的0.029,土槽从启动到进入稳定运行的时间由10.1缩短到7.9 s。该研究可提升后续利用该种试验台进行移栽和播种等农业机械试验的精度。  相似文献   
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