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为探究甜瓜嫩果皮颜色的遗传规律,以甜瓜嫩果皮颜色为深绿色的S26和青色的S28为亲本材料,通过构建BC1群体,利用卡方测验,分析回交群体BC1的深绿色嫩果皮和青色嫩果皮的分离比例,开展甜瓜嫩果皮的遗传规律分析,以对嫩果皮颜色基因进行初步定位。结果表明:BC1群体表型表现为深绿色和青色2种,且群体比例为1∶1,从而确定颜色性状为单基因控制且深绿色为显性性状。通过分离群体分组分析法(BSA)和混池测序结果可以看出,控制甜瓜嫩果皮颜色的基因位于chr04的端部位置,这为后续基因的精细定位以及克隆提供了研究基础。 相似文献
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The effect of food type (formulated diet vs. natural) and fish size on feed utilization in common sole,Solea solea (L.) 下载免费PDF全文
Stephan S W Ende Saskia Kroeckel Johan W Schrama Oliver Schneider Johan A J Verreth 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(9):4696-4706
This study compares the effect of food type (formulated diet vs. natural food) and fish size on protein and energy utilization efficiencies for growth in common sole, Solea solea (L.). Replicate groups of common sole (mean initial body weight ± SD was 45.7 g ± 2.1 and 111.2 g ± 4.2) received the diets at five (natural feed) or four (formulated diet) feeding levels. The protein utilization efficiency for growth (kgCP) was higher (P > 0.001) in common sole fed ragworms than in common sole fed the formulated diet (respectively, 0.40 and 0.31). Likewise, the energy utilization efficiency for growth (kgGE) was higher (P = 0.001) in common sole fed ragworms than in common sole fed the formulated diet (respectively, 0.57 and 0.33). The protein maintenance requirement was not different between food types (P = 0.64) or fish size (P = 0.41) being on average 0.82 g kg?0.8 day?1. The energy maintenance requirement was not different between food type (P = 0.390) but differed between fish size (P = 0.036). The gross energy maintenance requirement of small common sole was 35 kJ g?0.8 day?1. The gross energy maintenance requirement of large common sole was 25 kJ g?0.8 day?1. In conclusion, the low growth of common sole fed formulated diets was related to reduced feed utilization. 相似文献
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The timing of seed germination may determine the success of a weed species in an agroecosystem, and its expression is modulated by environmental conditions, but also by seed physiology and anatomy. The aims of this study were to investigate the roles of light, pericarp, dry storage and cold stratification on seed dormancy and germination in feral radish, a troublesome agricultural weed in temperate zones of the Americas that reduces crop yields. To this end, we used isolated intact pods and extracted seeds to test germination over time under contrasting temperature, light and storage conditions. Here, we showed that fresh seeds were non‐dormant, but that light and the presence of the pericarp reduced germination, especially under low temperatures. The pericarp reduced the final water content absorbed by seeds inside pods and decreased absorption/dehydration rates. The pericarp showed several small lignified cell layers in the endocarp, and x‐ray images displayed the lack of space between the partially embedded seed and the endocarp. Dry storage and cold stratification were ineffective in breaking the dormancy imposed by the pericarp. The apparent requirement for darkness and the mechanical restriction of the pericarp may have the potential to induce dormancy, spreading the timing of seed germination over a more extended period and hindering the control of feral radish. 相似文献
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Zohreh Sankian Sanaz Khosravi Yi‐Oh Kim Sang‐Min Lee 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2019,50(1):34-41
An 8‐week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the dietary protein requirement of juvenile mandarin fish, Siniperca scherzeri, a demersal freshwater piscivore with high commercial value in East Asia. Five isolipidic (100 g/kg) and isoenergetic (20 MJ/kg) practical diets were formulated to contain graded levels of 450, 500, 550, 600, and 650 g/kg crude protein, using mackerel fishmeal as the sole source of protein. Each of the five test diets was fed to visual satiety to triplicate groups of fish (initial mean body weight ± SE; 20.1 ± 0.2 g) reared in a recirculating freshwater system over the experimental period. Fish growth performance in terms of weight gain tended to improve with increasing dietary protein level, and the highest values were observed in those fish fed the 600–650 g/kg diets. Feed intake significantly declined as the protein content of the diet increased. Feed efficiency and protein retention tended to increase with increasing dietary protein levels, from 450 to 600 g/kg, and then declined when dietary protein content further increased to 650 g/kg. A similar trend was also found for the protein efficiency ratio, although the observed changes did not reach statistical significance. Whole‐body composition and plasma biochemical parameters were not significantly affected by the dietary protein content. Based on these findings and a broken‐line model of growth, 614.4 g/kg seems to be the proper amount of protein in a practical diet for >20 g mandarin fish. 相似文献
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Alberto J. P. Nunes Hassan Sabry‐Neto Karthik Masagounder 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2019,50(6):1093-1107
The use of supplemental essential amino acids (EAAs) has been shown to provide an opportunity to minimize excess levels of crude protein (CP) in animal feeds. The present study investigated the effect of reducing the amount of CP in low‐fish meal diets (5%) for juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei. Four sets of diets were prepared containing (% on a fed basis, mean ± SD) 31.24 ± 0.71, 33.70 ± 0.41, 36.90 ± 0.44, and 39.63 ± 0.14% CP, with each protein level containing a total dietary methionine (Met) (Met + Cys) level of 0.56 ± 0.02 (1.07 ± 0.23), 0.71 ± 0.01 (1.22 ± 0.20), 0.88 ± 0.02 (1.38 ± 0.22), or 1.04 ± 0.02% (1.55 ± 0.18%). Shrimp of 1.00 ± 0.08 g were stocked in 84 outdoor tanks of 1 m3 at a rate of 100 shrimp/m2 and raised for 75 days. Final survival ranged from 83 to 97% and was unaffected by Met content. Both survival and yield were significantly depressed when shrimp were fed the 31% CP diet. Shrimp grew at a weekly rate of between 0.79 and 0.97 g, achieving a final body weight (BW) in excess of 10.8 g. There was a significant interaction between CP and Met over BW. Shrimp fed 0.56% Met achieved the lowest BW at harvest. Increasing CP beyond 34% did not enhance BW. With a dietary Met content of 0.71%, the highest BW was achieved with 34% CP compared to other levels. There was a significant improvement in Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) when CP was raised from 31 to 34%. Similarly, dietary Met levels above 0.71% resulted in a significantly better FCR compared to 0.56%. Our study has shown that, if dietary Met (Met + Cys) meets a minimum of 0.71% (1.22%), levels of CP could be reduced from 40 to 34% without adverse effects on shrimp performance. 相似文献
7.
Qianqian Huang Heizhao Lin Ruixuan Wang Zhong Huang Chuanpeng Zhou Wei Yu Pengwei Xun Lianjie Tan Yun Wang Jun Wang 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(9):2359-2370
In order to investigate the dietary vitamin B6 (VB6) requirement for juvenile golden pompano, an experiment of six different diets with six dietary VB6 levels (0, 3.75, 7.47, 10.6, 13.7 and 18.5 mg/kg) was conducted. The results indicated that the content of dietary VB6 significantly increased weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR; p < 0.05). Golden pompano fed diet containing 7.47 mg/kg VB6 achieved the maximum ALT, AST, GPx, hepatic VB6 concentrations as well as the minimum MDA, however, the ALT, AST, GPx and hepatic VB6 concentrations decreased while MDA increased with a further increase in dieatry VB6. The highest values of GR and POD occurred at the 10.6 and 13.7 mg/kg dietary VB6 (p < 0.05) respectively. A diet supplemented with 7.47 mg/kg VB6 increased intestinal Na+, K+‐ATPase, Chymotrypsin, γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase, creatine kinase and amylase activities (p < 0.05). The relative abundance of Tenericutes and Bacteroidetes decreased while Proteobacteria and Firmicutes improved with an increase in dietary VB6 levels up to 7.47 mg/kg. Quadratic regression analysis on WGR, hepatic VB6 concentrations, AST and ALT indicated that the optimum dietary VB6 levels for juvenile golden pompano were 8.84–9.28 mg/kg. 相似文献
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茶树品种是茶产业发展的基础。改革开放40年来我国育成了大批的优良茶树品种,为产业发展发挥了重要作用。新《种子法》和《非主要农作物品种登记办法》要求茶树进行非主要农作物品种登记。本文介绍了非主要农作物品种登记的对象、条件、需提交材料和登记程序,重点讨论了茶树品种登记前要准备的具体材料,简单分析了2018-2019年已经完成登记的48个茶树品种的基本情况,并对未来茶树品种登记提出了3点建议。 相似文献
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