Streamflow environment predicts divergent life history phenotypes among populations of the Blacktail Shiner Cyprinella venusta: Temporal stability of a large‐scale pattern

Egg size variation among 16 Gulf Coast populations of Cyprinella venusta, the Blacktail Shiner, previously was shown to be significantly correlated with annual stream runoff. In this study, we examined egg size across multiple years and seasons in a subset of the original populations, focusing on three streams that differed widely in annual stream runoff. These populations appear to have been derived independently, possibly nearly synchronously in geological time, from an ancestral form. Thus, they can be considered statistically independent. Most of the variation in egg size was attributable to differences across the three populations. Although annual and seasonal variation was present, the three populations shifted similarly on both of these time scales. The results support an earlier hypothesis that streamflow, quantified using mean annual runoff, is a strong selective influence on egg size, hence offspring size, favouring larger egg size in populations inhabiting streams with greater levels of runoff.     

Enzyme Bioprospection of Marine-Derived Actinobacteria from the Chilean Coast and New Insight in the Mechanism of Keratin Degradation in Streptomyces sp. G11C

Marine actinobacteria are viewed as a promising source of enzymes with potential technological applications. They contribute to the turnover of complex biopolymers, such as pectin, lignocellulose, chitin, and keratin, being able to secrete a wide variety of extracellular enzymes. Among these, keratinases are a valuable alternative for recycling keratin-rich waste, which is generated in large quantities by the poultry industry. In this work, we explored the biocatalytic potential of 75 marine-derived actinobacterial strains, focusing mainly on the search for keratinases. A major part of the strains secreted industrially important enzymes, such as proteases, lipases, cellulases, amylases, and keratinases. Among these, we identified two streptomycete strains that presented great potential for recycling keratin wastes—Streptomyces sp. CHA1 and Streptomyces sp. G11C. Substrate concentration, incubation temperature, and, to a lesser extent, inoculum size were found to be important parameters that influenced the production of keratinolytic enzymes in both strains. In addition, proteomic analysis of culture broths from Streptomyces sp. G11C on turkey feathers showed a high abundance and diversity of peptidases, belonging mainly to the serine and metallo-superfamilies. Two proteases from families S08 and M06 were highly expressed. These results contributed to elucidate the mechanism of keratin degradation mediated by streptomycetes.     

遂昌县珍稀濒危树种资源调查初报

为摸清遂昌县珍稀濒危树种资源及其分布，以探求其资源的进一步保护和开发利用，对该县进行了较全面的调查，采集到珍稀濒危树种腊叶标本14份，同时对全县珍稀濒危树种的分布范围、种群数量、现状及保护价值等进行论述，并提出了扩大九龙山自然保护区面积等具体保护意见。     

台湾杉和秃杉两种珍稀树种种苗形态及引种栽培试验

通过对台湾杉和秃杉两种珍稀树种的引种栽培,就台湾杉和秃杉两种珍稀树种从种子(球果)到幼苗的整个发展过程,以及种子和苗木的生产技术做了细致的探索性研究,并就培育出的幼苗进行观察、记载和绘制成图;经定植3 a后评价引种成败。研究结果可为杉科台湾杉属的系统发育和亲缘关系方面的研究提供理论基础;也可为用材林造林、园林绿化树种提供参考和对这两种珍稀树种继续引种栽培提供实践依据。     

八种珍稀濒危植物引种试验

１９９２－１９９４年三年来，从内蒙、新疆和甘肃等省（区）的沙区地带引种来的８种珍稀濒危植物，现保存有性和无性繁殖苗近千株，大多已开花结实，经过对沙区８种珍稀濒危植物播种育苗研究认为：准噶尔无叶豆、矮沙冬青、银沙槐３种植物种皮坚硬吸水困难，播前须用浓硫酸处理后再经温水浸泡，才能吸水膨胀发芽；沙生柽柳、半日花、裸果木、绵刺、四合木等植物，种子质地松软，无需特殊处理均可干播发芽，播深适中均能取得较好出苗率。     

梁野山珍稀植物观赏特性及其保护与利用

梁野山具有数十种国家Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级保护植物及福建省重点保护植物,多数具有观赏价值。在分析这些珍稀植物观赏特性的基础上,对其保护与利用提出一些建议。     

稀土提高枣树产量及果实品质的研究*

板枣是我国枣树的名优品种之一。枣果营养丰富,经济价值高,既味美可口,又可入药,还是食品加工的重要原料,是我国一大特产。但因管理粗放,病虫较多,影响产量和质量的提高。在推广枣树增产技术措施中,虽以枣树开花期喷施赤霉素提高座果率效果较好,但目前赤霉素价格高,货源缺乏,严重影响了这一增产措施的实施。     

珍稀濒危植物连香树种子萌发的研究

进行了濒危植物连香树种子萌发特性的研究,探讨不同光照条件(12 h,1 500 lux和黑暗)、不同温度(15℃、20℃、25℃和30℃)、不同浓度的赤霉素(0.5 mg.L-1、1 mg.L-1、2 mg.L-1、4 mg.L-1)浸泡连香树种子不同时间(2 h、4 h6、h、8 h)、50℃温水预处理15 min以及不同储藏条件对连香树种子萌发的影响。结果表明:25℃是连香树种子发芽的最适温度;在光照条件下连香树种子的发芽势高,光照可以促进连香树种子发芽迅速、整齐;经过赤霉素处理的干藏种子的发芽率和发芽势比没经过其处理的干藏种子的发芽率和发芽势高,且在一定浓度范围内随着赤霉素浓度的增大和处理时间的延长,发芽率和发芽势逐渐提高;湿藏有助于连香树种子萌发;50℃温水预处理15 min对种子的萌发有促进作用。     

阳春市野生珍稀濒危植物和国家重点保护野生植物

阳春市植物资源丰富，东北部有百涌省级自然保护区，西南部有正在申报省级的鹅凰嶂自然保护区。据调查和现有资料统计，阳春市自然分布的珍稀濒危植物34种，国家重点保护野生植物19种。为保护好这批珍贵的植物资源，作者提出了具体的保护建议。     

湖南珍稀濒危植物迁地仿生护存的初步研究

由于人为破坏和环境条件的恶化，许多植物资源处于濒危灭绝状况，一种植物的灭绝，又将导致10～30个生物种的消失．为了保护珍稀濒危植物，保护生态环境，根据迁地护存植物的生物学特性、生态学特性及其原产地的生态环境条件，应用植物引种原理，从1986年开始，在湖南省森林植物园，对湖南和邻近省的一些珍稀濒危植物进行了迁地仿生护存的初步研究．共迁地护存珍稀濒危植物124种，现保存118种，保存率95．16％．其中，湖南省分布的国家级珍稀濒危植物57种，邻近省的27种，省级保护植物34种．这些植物中，年均高生长60cm以上的有25种，30～60cm的有42种，小于30cm的有51种．