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1.
[目的/意义]各级政府鼓励和支持社会力量参与公共数字文化服务建设,为政社合作共建公共文化服务平台提供了良好契机。[方法/过程]文章梳理了基层公共文化服务平台政社共建的相关文献,结合政府与社会力量的角色作用、平台资源与服务的建设导向,分析了基层公共文化服务平台的政社共建模式,并结合政社共建平台的实践案例,分析其政社共建现状和取得的服务成效,指出政社共建平台存在的不足。[结果/结论]提出针对性的优化策略,旨在发挥政府与社会力量共建的强大合力,为提升中国基层公共数字文化服务效能提供参考。  相似文献   
2.
宋阳  李盛楠 《中国食用菌》2020,(1):237-239,243
推动食用菌农业合作社品牌建设是提升合作社发展水平的重要途径,能够极大促进食用菌合作社资源的高效利用,推动乡村产业振兴的步伐,进而有效加快我国食用菌产业的国际化进程。为进一步引导农业合作社成员积极参与品牌建设,对合作社成员参与品牌建设意向的影响因素进行了探究。结果表明,以下三个方面是食用菌合作社成员对参与标准化生产意向的影响程度最为强烈;影响因素还有以下3个方面:一是对于食用菌销售收益的满意程度;二是借助合作社销售食用菌的占比;三是食用菌合作社决策的民主性。  相似文献   
3.
鉴于目前食用菌电商在发展过程中面临着食用菌电商流程亟待完善、缺乏食用菌安全体系、缺乏食用菌电商人才以及缺乏知名食用菌品牌等困境,从食用菌生产销售主体角度,基于大数据视角出发,利用大数据优化食用菌电商流程,建设以大数据为支撑的食用菌安全体系,以大数据应用能力为导向培养食用菌电商人才,依托大数据建设知名食用菌品牌。  相似文献   
4.
Using reproduction parameters as indicators for cattle welfare has limitations and, at best, these parameters should only be viewed as indirect indicators of welfare. On a farm level, measures such as fertility rates emphasize biological performance of the herd but fail to consider the welfare of individual animals. Even on an individual level, the relationship between reproductive effectiveness and animal welfare is complex. Good reproductive performance does not automatically signify good welfare, as domestication and targeted breeding programmes have led to prioritization of high productive and reproductive performance in most modern farm animal species. In this review, we synthesize literature regarding cattle husbandry, reproduction, welfare and their multidimensional relationships. We argue that practices such as artificial insemination or the use of sexed semen may provide potential welfare advantages as these practices reduce the risk of disease transmission and injury or enable selection of specific beneficial traits. Furthermore, they may offer a solution to current practices jeopardizing welfare, such as the management of surplus bull calves in the dairy industry. Conversely, the animals’ ability to perform natural behaviours such as oestrous expression, an aspect arguably contributing to welfare, is often limited on commercial farms; this limitation is particularly evident in housing systems such as tie stalls where movement is restricted. Moreover, common management practices such as oestrus manipulation may lead to negative attitudes in citizens who often regard naturalness as important element of animal welfare.  相似文献   
5.
从视觉艺术的角度研究食用菌品牌形象的设计。通过讨论品牌名称、标志物和文字等食用菌品牌视觉要素,提出了食用菌品牌形象的视觉艺术价值设计原则。食用菌品牌形象的视觉艺术价值体现在品牌设计的多个方面,创新的视觉艺术能让食用菌品牌形象真正体现艺术的价值。  相似文献   
6.
通过梳理相关文献发现,国外对有关森林资源治理问题的研究更为系统,以自然资源治理理论为基础,创新发展出强调公众参与度提升的协同性治理理念,关注公众参与的网络治理理论现已成为研究切入的新视角。文中以构建我国森林资源多层次治理网络为主线,结合国内外研究进展,提出一种适于我国的森林资源治理网络框架,以期推动森林资源治理问题的探讨,为治理途径的构建与创新提供借鉴。  相似文献   
7.
Zoonotic pathogens cause an estimated 70% of emerging and re‐emerging infectious diseases in humans, affecting various aspects of human development on a global scale. The significance of bats as a source of emerging infectious diseases is being progressively appreciated. This study was undertaken post‐Ebola virus disease in West Africa and assessed the public health implications of human–bat interactions by exploring the reasons for contact between humans and bats, as well as reported actions taken upon experiencing bat bites or scratches. The paper highlights the nuances of human–bat interactions, stressing zoonotic disease risk awareness as well as the sources of information. The study used questionnaires to solicit information from 788 respondents in five communities with significant bat populations. We show that bat consumption was one of the main reasons for human–bat interactions. More men across the various communities ate bat meat. Only a small number of respondents (4.4%) reported being bitten by a bat, and 6.1% had been scratched by a bat. More than 21% had come into direct contact with bat blood. An even lower number went to the hospital after been bitten or scratched by bats. There was little knowledge on post‐exposure management. The most common places human–bat interactions occurred were at home and on farms. Seventy‐three per cent of the respondents believed that bats carried diseases, with Ebola virus disease being the most mentioned. Respondents indicated that the way they interacted with bats had not changed, even though they believed bats carried diseases and 46% stated that they had not changed the way they interacted with bats over the last two years. Apart from providing information on avoiding bites and scratches, a more holistic framework is needed to reduce human–bat interactions. The paper recommends a comprehensive and coordinated approach to optimizing an effective response to a potential bat‐borne zoonotic disease spillover.  相似文献   
8.
Tick bites on humans can occur in a variety of habitats and may result in the transmission of tick‐borne pathogens, such as the causative agent of Lyme borreliosis (LB), Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. As the risk of transmission of this pathogen to the host increases with the duration of tick feeding, the recognition and removal of ticks as soon as possible following attachment is important for reducing the risk of infection. Performing a thorough body examination for ticks following potential exposure is recommended by tick awareness campaigns. Knowledge of where on the body feeding ticks are frequently found, and at which times of year peak tick exposure occurs, provides important information for public health messaging and may aid those bitten by ticks to engage more effectively with tick‐checking behaviour. This paper summarizes human tick bites in the United Kingdom (UK) during 2013–2018 reported to Public Health England's passive Tick Surveillance Scheme and further examines the anatomical location and seasonality of bites from the most commonly encountered tick and LB vector Ixodes ricinus. A total of 1,328 tick records from humans were received of which 93% were I. ricinus. Humans were most commonly bitten by I. ricinus nymphs (70% bites). Tick bites were recorded on all parts of the body, but there were significant differences in their anatomical location on adults and children. Most tick bites on adults occurred on the legs (50%), whereas on children tick bites were mostly on the head and neck (43%). Bites from I. ricinus were recorded throughout the year but were most numerous during May to August. This study adds to the body of research on the seasonality and anatomical location of human tick bites in temperate Europe and highlights the importance of data collected through passive surveillance in addition to research and epidemiological studies.  相似文献   
9.
This observational study aimed to determine MRSA prevalence using strain‐specific real‐time PCR at the pig level, stratified by age groupings, within a pig enterprise. A total of 658 samples were collected from individual pigs (n = 618) and the piggery environment (n = 40), distributed amongst five different pig age groups. Presumptive MRSA isolates were confirmed by the presence of mecA, and MALDI‐TOF was performed for species verification. All isolates were tested against 18 different antimicrobials. MRSA was isolated from 75.2% (95% CI 71.8–78.6) of samples collected from pigs, and 71% of the MRSA isolates from this source were identified as community‐associated (CA)‐MRSA ST93, while the remainder were livestock‐associated (LA)‐MRSA ST398. Amongst environmental isolates, 80% (CI 64.3–95.7) were ST93 and the remainder ST398. All MRSA isolates from pigs and the environment were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, linezolid, mupirocin, rifampicin, sulfamethoxazole–trimethoprim, teicoplanin and vancomycin. Phenotypic rates of resistance were penicillin (100%), clindamycin (97.6%), erythromycin (96.3%), ceftiofur (93.7%), chloramphenicol (81.2%), tetracycline (63.1%) and amoxicillin–clavulanate (63.9%). A low prevalence of resistance (9.2%) was observed against neomycin and quinupristin–dalfopristin. The probability of MRSA carriage in dry sows (42.2%) was found to be significantly lower (p < .001) when compared to other age groups: farrowing sows (76.8%, RR1.82), weaners (97.8%, RR 2.32), growers (94.2%, RR 2.23) and finishers (98.3%, RR 2.33). Amongst different production age groups, a significant difference was also found in antimicrobial resistance for amoxicillin–clavulanate, neomycin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline. Using the RT‐PCR assay adopted in this study, filtering of highly prevalent ST93 and non‐ST93 isolates was performed at high throughput and low cost. In conclusion, this study found that weaner pigs presented a higher risk for CA‐MRSA and antimicrobial resistance compared to other age groups. These findings have major implications for how investigations of MRSA outbreaks should be approached under the One‐Health context.  相似文献   
10.
区块链技术及其在农产品质量安全追溯应用的研究进展   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
农产品质量安全是一个备受关注的公共卫生问题,追溯应用已成为保障农产品质量安全的有效手段。确保溯源数据的真实性和安全性,成为追溯应用研究的重点和亟需解决的问题。区块链是一个综合多种技术并确保完全去中心化点对点系统完备性的完整技术方案,具有去中心化、透明化、去信任和数据不可篡改等优点,不受传统中心式技术的制约,在农产品质量安全追溯应用上有很大的发展空间。文章概述了区块链技术的基础架构、关键技术及其在追溯应用上的特点,以及区块链技术和农产品质量追溯的内在关系;通过分析基于公有链、联盟链和改良模式的农产品质量安全追溯研究进展和技术特点,总结了区块链技术在农产品质量安全追溯研究中存在的问题,结合区块链发展趋势,提出了注重横向技术融合、加强监测数据信息上链、建立农产品追溯激励惩罚机制等研究展望。  相似文献   
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