玉米秸秆循环流化床气化炉气化工艺参数优化

为实现秸秆类农业生物质废弃物的高效清洁能源化转化利用,采用带有二级返料系统的循环流化床气化炉对玉米秸秆进行了气化试验。在二级返料系统开启及闭合条件下,选取空气当量比为0.20～0.35,研究空气当量比对玉米秸秆气化特性的影响,结果表明二级返料系统开启及闭合两种工况均在空气当量比为0.26时取得较优值,二级返料系统开启时具有较好的气化效果,碳转化率与气化效率最大值分别达到93.54%与77.06%。在二级返料系统开启状态下,试验研究了水蒸气配比对玉米秸秆气化特性的影响,结果表明以空气为主气化介质,辅助以水蒸气气化,可以有效改善气化燃气品质,提升气化效率。当空气当量比为0.26、水蒸气配比为0.2时,玉米秸秆空气—水蒸气气化具有较好的气化特性,燃气热值与气化效率分别达到最大值5.89MJ/m3与81.45%。典型工况条件下的焦油蒸馏馏分分析结果表明,提高气化炉反应温度,并保持一定的水蒸气气化环境,可促进焦油裂解转化。试验可为秸秆类生物质的高效清洁转化利用提供参考依据。     

Nutrient cycling in two traditional Central American agroforestry systems

A preliminary nutrient cycling study quantified total and temporal nutrient inputs via litterfall and pruning residues in two agroforestry systems: (1) Coffea arabica (perennial crop)-Erythrina poeppigiana (leguminous shade tree); and (2) C. arabica-E. poeppigiana-Cordia alliodora with emphasis on the effect of the timber tree C. alliodora. The total annual input of litterfall plus pruning residues was similar in both associations. Total annual input from E. poeppigiana was less than half in the association with C. alliodora than without, but the litterfall from this latter species compensated for the loss. Large differences in the total annual nutrient input of K, Ca and Mg was found between associations, but not for N or P. The amount of nutrients recycled by the associated trees reached the recommended level of fertilizer required for coffee production. The inclusion of C. alliodora within the C. arabica-E. poeppigiana association resulted in a more evenly distributed annual nutrient input.     

从语用失误角度看公示语英译——以伊春市公共场所公示语英译为例

旅游城市的公示语作为一种特殊的文体，有着自身的语言和社会语用特点。鉴于语用学对公示语英译提供了一个新的视角，以语用学的语用失误理论为支撑，从语言语用失误和社交语用失误两个方面对伊春市公共场所公示语英译的语用失误进行了分析。     

The Storage of Tree Data Structure by Gradation and Classification and Application in CAD for Engineering Structure

The traditional storage of tree data structure is according to the relation of the elements' frant-and-back. Since it is difficult to define the frant-and-back relation of graphics units in CAD for Engineering structure, the application of the tree structure becomes inconvenient. The authors change the storing method for the tree structure into gradation and classification. And a graded equivalence relation of graphics units is brought forward, which grade the graphics units with the equivalence relation. By using this storing method, we can easily accomplish some operations, such as picking up the subtree with a certain character, deleting a node, insert a graded and classified node, etc. The example provided indicates that the storage by gradation and classification can speed up searching and process the data of the subtree by gradation and classification expediently. This kind of storing method for the tree structure is applicable for data which contain the graded equivalence relation.     

英语交际语中的语用失误

在语用学理论指导的基础上 ,分析了用英语进行跨文化交际时的语用失误现象 ,列举了使用“称谓语”、“招呼语”、“称赞语及回答”等经常出现的语用失误 ,并指出了失误的原因及正确的说法。     

浅谈语用偏离对网络新生语言的影响

语言是社会成员之间相互交际、思维的工具,网络语言则是近些年来伴随着网络的迅速发展而新兴的一种有别于传统平面媒介的语言形式,语用偏离是一种言语表达手段,语用偏离具有超越于字面意义、文学审美和情感美的功能,语用偏离对网络新生语言具有重要的影响.     

高维Mobius群的初等子群

研究了４ 种高维 Ｍｏｂｉｕｓ 群的初等子群定义之间的关系⒚得到了高维 Ｍｏｂｉｕｓ 群是初等群的充要条件；在离散的条件下，给出了这种初等子群的结构性定理⒚     

《天净沙·秋思》英译本之我见——与黄国文、金春笙先生商榷

《中国翻译》上刊登了黄国文和金春笙先生对《天净沙.秋思》英译本的分析和研究。针对金先生和黄先生相驳的两种观点,文章首先从语言学角度审视了“形式对等”的真正内涵、实用性以及可接受性;然后从文学角度——音律、情感逻辑、意象虚实等来探讨《天净沙.秋思》的Schlepp和翁显良两种英译本孰优孰劣;最后建议运用语言学的分析方法来理性思考,结合文学的印象式、感悟式和经验式的翻译批评可以使得译文更富艺术魅力。     

修辞与语用词义的生成

修辞是语用词义生成的途径之一,两者有共同的思维、心理基础,词义通过修辞手法在语境中获得修辞变体,词义的修辞变体可以在原词义基础上发生临时变化而形成语用词义。修辞联想指以各种修辞手法的运用作为引申理据的语用词义引申方式,包括比喻联想、借代联想、双关联想、反语联想、比拟联系和象征联想等。     

具非整数滞后的不确定性线性定常离散控制系统的鲁棒镇定

应用频率等价法研究了一类非整数滞后不确定性线性定常离散控制系统的鲁棒镇定问题，给出了该系统鲁棒镇定的估计公式．