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以楸树优良无性系杂楸1号和杂楸3号的1年生、 2年生和3年生苗龄的幼苗作为供试对象,测定不同季节叶片含水率、维生素C、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、粗灰分、氨基酸以及次生代谢物黄酮、蒽醌类化合物的含量,对不同苗龄楸树在不同季节叶片营养成分进行综合评价.结果表明:8月的2年生和3年生杂楸1号、 8月的3年生杂楸3号和10月的2年生杂楸3号具有高产量、高含糖量、富含维生素C等优点,综合评价最高,可进行饲用营养研究.建议采摘2年生和3年生苗龄的楸树叶片,采摘时间为8月前后.  相似文献   
3.
以131份达到开割标准的魏克汉种质资源为试验材料,于2018年4月下旬开始割胶,5月下旬(旱季)采取单株胶乳,测定胶乳中的无机磷、硫醇、蔗糖、干胶、总固形物含量等参数,结合单刀胶乳产量和胸径围进行分析。结果表明,旱季橡胶树种质资源胶乳产量与胶乳中硫醇含量、总固形物含量的关系最为紧密。胶乳产量较高或较低的种质资源胶乳中硫醇含量对应较高或较低,总固形物含量对应较低或较高,反之亦然。相关性分析显示,胶乳产量与硫醇含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与无机磷、蔗糖、干胶、总固形物含量呈负相关,胸径围与胶乳产量呈正相关。其他季节胶乳产量与胶乳生理参数的关系还待进一步研究。  相似文献   
4.
Species of Botryosphaeriaceae are associated with canker and dieback of Eucalyptus spp. worldwide, but little is known about their effect on the host physiology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of Botryosphaeriaceae isolates from nine species in three genera (Botryosphaeria, Diplodia and Neofusicoccum), previously isolated from eucalypts, on three different Eucalyptus hosts (seedlings of E. nitens, cuttings of E. globulusand of E. globulus× E. cypellocarpa). An approach combining standard pathogenicity trials with evaluation of plant morpho‐physiological parameters was used. The size of the lesions produced revealed differences in fungal aggressiveness and host susceptibility. Isolates of Neofusicoccum kwambonambienseand Diplodia corticolawere the most aggressive, while Botryosphaeria dothidea and Diplodia seriataisolates were the least aggressive. In general, hybrid E. globulus× E. cypellocarpa plants developed smaller lesions, followed by E. nitens and E. globulus. Eucalyptus nitensplants showed minimal modifications on the morpho‐physiological profile when infected, although more severe symptoms and mortality were observed. This is probably due to a more variable genetic background of the plants. However, in general, no direct association between putative fungal aggressiveness and plant physiological disorders could be found. Results suggested that under optimal growth conditions plants manage to cope with pathogen attack and maintain their physiological performance.  相似文献   
5.
为研究萨福克羊×杜泊羊×湖羊杂交羊(萨杜湖杂交羊)生长发育情况及其对当地生态环境的适应能力,采用生产性能常规测定、显微测定和全自动血液生理生化分析仪分别测定了不同年龄阶段萨杜湖杂交羊的体重、体尺指标、羊毛品质(包括不同部位羊毛的净毛率、细度、有髓毛和无髓毛占比、自然长度和伸直长度等指标)和成年羊血液生理生化指标。结果表明:萨杜湖杂交羊早期生长速度较快,初生阶段及周岁时公羊体斜长均显著高于母羊(P<0.05);3月龄时公羊体高、体斜长和胸围均显著高于母羊(P<0.05);6月龄时母羊体重极显著高于公羊(P<0.01),成年时期公羊体重和体高均显著高于母羊(P<0.05);其余各生长阶段内,公母羊间体重及体尺差异不显著(P>0.05)。其成年时平均净毛率较低,为45.21%;长度适中:平均自然长度为4.55 cm,伸直长度为6.22 cm;细度良好,为17.60 μm。公母羊血液生理生化指标及其同国内绵羊参考值相比存在一定的差异,其中母羊血小板总数(PLT)和血小板压积(PCT)均极显著高于公羊(P<0.01),公羊甘油三酯(TG)和白蛋白(ALB)含量显著高于母羊(P<0.05),其余各项指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上所述,萨杜湖杂交羊在生长发育等方面都有不同程度的改进和提高,本试验结果可为该品种杂交羊进一步开发利用提供参考依据。  相似文献   
6.
Chonemorpha fragrans is an endangered medicinal woody climber,regarded among alternative plant sources of camptothecin.Camptothecin is a monoterpene indole anti-cancer alkaloid with annual trade value of over three billion U.S.dollars in the recent,and is used in the production of its analog drugs approved for the chemotherapy of cancer of varied types.Effects of plant growth regulators,culture media strength and photoperi-odic duration on the micropropagation ef ciency of C.fragrans from nodal segment explants were studied on Murashige and Skoog(MS)medium amended with Thidiazuron(TDZ),Benzylaminopurine(BAP)or Kinetin(Kin).Thidiazuron was more ef cient over BAP and Kin when half basal MS medium was used over full or quarter strength.Results of carbon source experiment showed sucrose as the most effective over glucose,fructose,and maltose in the clonal production.Studies on the photope-riodic incubation duration showed 12 h as the best light period and sub or supra-optimal resulted in the production of abnormal and albino micro shoots.Experimental results on the evaluation of physiological,biochemical parameters showed the role of pigment molecules and antioxidant systems in the production of albino micro shoots.  相似文献   
7.
Floral resources, such as carbohydrate-rich nectar or pollen, can bolster fitness and raise reproductive output of adult lepidopterans. Here, we used laboratory experiments to assess how those plant-derived foods impact adult fecundity, reproductive physiology and flight performance of an invasive strain of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda(FAW; Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in China. More specifically, supplementary feeding on bee pollen and honey enhanced FAW flight duration, testis size, ovarian development, longevity and adult fecundity. FAW adults attained the longest pre-oviposition(10.8 days) and oviposition period(6.8 days) and longevity(19.2 days) on 5% acacia honey. Upon access to 2.5% acacia honey and 2.5‰ pine pollen, S. frugiperda attained the highest mating rate(79.7%), fecundity(644.9 eggs/female) and egg hatching rate(82.3%). Feeding on honey further delayed decay of male testes, while ovarian development was enhanced when female moths were allowed access to 2.5% honey and 2.5‰ pine pollen. Upon feeding on 5% honey solution, S. frugiperda engaged in flight over the longest duration(9.5 h), distance(29.9 km) and speed(3.1 km h~(–1)). Honey had a comparatively greater effect on the above parameters than pollen. Our findings help decipher FAW invasion patterns and population dynamics, facilitate the development of nutritional attractants, and contribute to integrated pest management of this newly-invasive pest in eastern Asia.  相似文献   
8.
盐胁迫对望春玉兰幼苗形态和相关生理指标的影响   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
  目的  探讨盐胁迫对望春玉兰Magnolia biondii幼苗形态和相关生理指标的影响,并筛选盐胁迫下的指示性生理指标,为木兰科Magnoliaceae植物的耐盐性评价与筛选优质种质资源提供理论依据。  方法  以望春玉兰1年生实生苗为材料,采用水培法,测定200 mmol·L?1氯化钠胁迫下叶片的相对电导率、丙二醛质量摩尔浓度、叶绿素质量分数、渗透调节物质质量分数和抗氧化酶活性,通过主成分分析筛选关键生理指标。  结果  随着盐胁迫时间的延长,可溶性糖质量分数、相对电导率、丙二醛质量摩尔浓度和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性总体呈上升趋势;可溶性蛋白质质量分数、脯氨酸质量分数、叶绿素质量分数和过氧化物酶(POD)活性总体呈先上升后下降的趋势。利用主成分分析法筛选出3个指示性指标,分别为丙二醛质量摩尔浓度、可溶性糖质量分数和SOD活性。  结论  氯化钠胁迫引起望春玉兰幼苗叶片丙二醛质量摩尔浓度、可溶性糖质量分数和SOD活性显著变化,可作为指示性生理指标用于评价氯化钠胁迫下望春玉兰等木兰科植物的耐盐性强弱。图4表2参19  相似文献   
9.
为确保富硒农产品的安全生产,为小麦高效富硒提供理论依据,以‘宁春55号’小麦品种为材料,在田间试验条件下探究了富硒有机肥不同施用方法及施用量对小麦叶绿素荧光、产量和地上部器官硒含量的影响。结果表明,基施和追施方式下,叶绿素含量和叶绿素荧光值随施用量的增加而上升,其中两种施硒方式下孕穗期和灌浆期小麦叶片的叶绿素含量和Fo存在显著差异。不同处理小麦茎秆和麸皮中全硒含量均较对照显著提高,总体上,基施富硒有机肥地上部各器官全硒含量高于追施方式下,但二者差异不显著,表明两种施肥方式对小麦体内硒的富集均有一定的促进效果。基施方式下,小麦产量各处理分别比对照增产0.9%~8.9%,而追施方式下,不同处理小麦产量总体呈先下降后上升的趋势,两种施肥方式下,小麦产量差异不显著。因此,根据两种施肥方式下小麦的叶绿素荧光、产量及体内硒的富集效果,建议在小麦富硒农产品生产中基施富硒有机肥,减少小麦农艺操作环节,降低人工投入成本。  相似文献   
10.
Two growth trials and a physiology assessment were conducted to evaluate three non‐genetically modified (GM) soybean cultivars as ingredients in practical diets for Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. In addition, a commercially available fermented yeast product was evaluated as dietary supplement. For the growth trials (46 and 35 days, respectively, for trials 1 and 2), the basal diet was primarily composed of soybean meal (SBM), fishmeal (FM), whole wheat, corn protein concentrate, poultry meal (PM, pet food grade) and corn starch. Non‐GM cultivars were processed with novel methodologies to produce Navita? ingredients (N1, N2 and N3) which were incorporated at low (L) or high (H) levels into the experimental diets, in partial replacement of FM and full replacement of conventional SBM. The last two formulations incorporated the fermented yeast for a total of nine experimental diets (Table 1 ). Results from the growth trials indicate that shrimp fed diet 5 (HN2) exhibited significantly lower (< .05) weight gain as compared to shrimp fed diets 1 and 2 (basal and LN1, respectively) in trial 1, as well as compared to animals fed diets 1, 2, 3 and 8 (basal, LN1, HN1 and basal + yeast) in trial 2. The feed conversion ratio significantly increased for shrimp fed diet 5, in contrast with shrimp fed diets 1, 2, 3 and 8 in trials 1 and 2, as well as compared to shrimp fed diets diet 6 (LN3) in trial 2. For the physiological assessment (stress and immune responses), only the effects of diets 1, 3, 8 and 9 (basal, HN1, basal + yeast and HN1 + yeast, respectively) were investigated. Granular cell counts were significantly higher for shrimp fed the yeast‐containing diets. Haemolymph glucose and haemolymph packed cell volume were significantly reduced for shrimp fed diets 3, 8 and 9. No significant differences were observed in total haemocyte counts, hyaline cells counts, semi‐granular cells counts, haemolymph protein, haemocyte phagocytic capacity and haemocyte respiratory burst activity. Results of this work indicate that selective soy breeding technology coupled with novel processing options has the potential to increase the nutritional value of conventional SBM for shrimp feeds. Trends on immune responses were more difficult to elucidate possibly due to the limited length of the feeding trial.  相似文献   
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