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1.
以聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)为改性剂处理聚磷酸铵(APP)制备得到APP@PEI阻燃体系,并将其加入到脲醛树脂(UF)中,制备阻燃胶合板。研究了APP@PEI对UF胶黏剂理化性能的影响,并进一步探讨其对胶合性能及阻燃性能的影响。结果表明:APP、PEI和APP@PEI对UF的黏度、pH和固化时间均有影响。当APP添加量为10%时,UF的黏度由3.843 Pa·s上升至8.270 Pa·s,pH降至5.67,固化时间由91 s降至87 s;当PEI添加量为0.91%时,由于UF体系中支化和交联程度增加,黏度上升至41.433 Pa·s,pH和固化时间分别提升至9.91和116.3 s;而APP@PEI能降低对UF各项性能的影响,添加10%APP@PEI时UF的黏度、pH和固化时间分别为5.966 Pa·s、6.33和94.3 s。添加APP后,胶合板的胶合强度均低于Ⅱ类胶合板强度标准(0.7 MPa);添加PEI后,胶合板的胶合强度能够提升18%以上;APP@PEI添加量为10%时,胶合板的胶合强度达0.85 MPa,高于Ⅱ类胶合板强度标准要求。添加APP、PEI和APP@PEI对胶合板的阻燃性能有不同影响,单独添加PEI无法改善胶合板的阻燃性能,当APP和APP@PEI添加量为10%,15%和20%时,胶合板的极限氧指数(LOI)分别比未添加阻燃剂时提高0.8%,2.0%,2.5%和1.2%,2.2%,3.1%。  相似文献   
2.
分别于平水期和枯水期采集了花溪河流域典型农业区地表水和地下水样品。利用氢氧同位素示踪技术,结合土地利用类型对研究区不同水体的补给来源、季节变化及主要影响过程进行了分析,并对不同水体氢氧同位素值进行了空间插值分析,同时对其形成机制进行了分析,阐明了不同土地利用类型影响下的主要水文过程。结果表明:(1)研究区不同水体的主要补给来源为当地大气降水,月亮湖水库受蒸发作用影响明显,地表水和地下水的δD和δ~(18)O整体上呈现平水期高于枯水期的特征。(2)地下水的δD和δ~(18)O在枯水期与平水期均呈现明显的空间分异性特征,西部水田/水库集中区富集,东部旱地集中区贫化,土地利用对研究区环境水文过程影响明显。该研究结果有助于了解不同土地利用方式下地表水对地下水的影响,为流域管理提供科学依据。  相似文献   
3.
溶解氧(Dissolved oxygen, DO)含量是影响水产养殖产量的重要因素之一,具有时序性、不稳定性和非线性等特点,且其影响因子过多、存在复杂的耦合关系,难以实现精准预测。针对传统长短时记忆神经网络(Long short term memory, LSTM)预测模型易引入冗余数据,且在训练过长序列时会出现梯度消失现象,从而不能捕捉因子间长期的依赖性问题,提出了基于小波变换(Wavelet transform, WT)、卷积神经网络(Convolutional neural network, CNN)和LSTM的溶解氧含量预测模型。首先,使用WT降低数据噪声;然后,使用CNN深度挖掘各变量之间的潜在关系;最后,利用LSTM的时序性预测2h后的水产养殖溶解氧含量。结果表明,本文提出的WT-CNN-LSTM模型预测效果良好,其平均绝对误差、均方根误差和决定系数分别为0.138、0.229和0.954,比传统LSTM模型分别优化了28.87%、21.03%和4.61%。  相似文献   
4.
Avian uncoupling protein (av-UCP) is a key protein for thermoregulation in poultry. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the av-UCP gene has been reported in chickens. The purpose of the current study was to clarify the association between this av-UCP gene mutation and thermoregulation in chickens. Wild and mutant type chicks for the av-UCP gene SNP (g. 1270 of the av-UCP gene exon 3 with C to T substitution and amino acid substitution) were exposed to high ambient temperature. Rectal temperature, radiation temperature on the body surface, and the expression of heat dissipation behavior (wing drooping and panting) during heat exposure were measured. In addition, oxygen consumption rate in the thermoneutral zone in wild and mutant type chicks was measured. Changes in wing temperature during heat exposure in wild-type chicks were lower than those in mutants. The latency of continuous wing drooping during heat exposure in wild-type chicks was shorter than in mutant chicks. It was also found that the SNP in the av-UCP gene caused reduced oxygen consumption. These results suggest that the av-UCP gene mutation affects thermoregulation, especially heat production, in chickens.  相似文献   
5.
为评价经鼻高流量氧疗(high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy, HFNC)治疗重型新型冠状病毒肺炎(novel coronavirus pneumonia, NCP)的临床疗效,对重庆市公共卫生医疗救治中心2020年1月24日-2月23日收治的20例接受HFNC治疗的重型NCP患者临床资料进行了回顾性分析.结果表明:经HFNC治疗后, 7例(35%)患者症状及氧合指数(oxygenation index,用P/F表示)改善,继续HFNC治疗; 13例患者(65%)经治疗后症状无改善或出现加重或恶化,改为无创通气(noninvasive ventilation, NIV)或有创机械通气(invasive mechanical ventilation, IMV).两组患者在性别、年龄、基础疾病等一般资料方面差异无统计学意义(p0.05),但HFNC治疗失败组平均年龄高于HFNC治疗成功组(分别为63.30岁和57.76岁).对HFNC治疗进行失败风险的单因素分析发现,治疗成功及失败患者的初始呼吸频率、 CD4+绝对值、P/F、治疗前ROX指数(rate-oxygenation index)、 12 h ROX指数比较差异无统计学意义(p0.05),但治疗成功者基线SaO_2、治疗后2 h ROX指数和治疗后12 h ROX指数显著升高(p0.05).对单因素分子中p0.05的因素及基线P/F用Cox风险比例模型进行分析发现,基线SaO_2、基线P/F和治疗后2 h、治疗后12 h的ROX指数均不是HFNC治疗失败的独立危险因素,但它们的值越低, HFNC治疗失败的风险就越大.基线P/F200 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)时, HFNC治疗失败的风险高于P/F≥200 mmHg者. HFNC可用于治疗基线P/F≥200 mmHg的重型NCP患者,而基线P/F200 mmHg或年龄≥50岁的患者,治疗失败的风险较大.  相似文献   
6.
AIM To investigate the effect of sulodexide (SDX) on high glucose-induced damage in retinal microvascular endothelial cells. METHODS (1) High-fat diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin were used to induce type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) followed by injection of saline or SDX in C57BL/6J male mice. Retinal microvascular leakage and density, and the protein levels of NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) were measured. (2) Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) were treated with normal glucose or high glucose with or without SDX, and were further transfected with siRNA to knock down NOX4, or infected by adenovirus to over-express NOX4. The protein levels of ZO-1, VE-cadherin (VE-Cad), NOX4 and NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins as well as the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected. RESULTS Treatment with SDX increased the protein level of ZO-1, attenuated retinal leakage and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and enhanced the density of microvasculature and the number of ganglion cells in diabetic retinas. The protein levels of ZO-1 and VE-Cad were decreased, while the levels of NOX4, NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins and ROS generation were increased in high glucose-treated HRMECs. Silencing of NOX4 inhibited high glucose-induced increases in NLRP3 inflammasome and ROS generation, and decreases in the protein levels of ZO-1 and VE-Cad. Over-expression of NOX4 significantly increased the levels of NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins and ROS generation in HRMECs, and reduced the protein levels of ZO-1 and VE-Cad. Treatment with SDX partly reversed NOX4 over-expression-induced changes. CONCLUSION SDX alleviates hyperglycemia-induced retinal microvascular endothelial injury via inhibiting NOX4/ROS/NLRP3 pathways.  相似文献   
7.
AIM: To investigate the role of mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) in high glucose(HG)-induced apoptosis of cardiac myocytes. METHODS: Cardiac myocytes were exposed to normal glucose (5.5 mmol/L glucose+ 19.5 mmol/L mannitol), HG (25 mmol/L glucose), or HG combined with 5 μmol/L spermine for 72 h. Mitochondrial free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]m), MCU at mRNA and protein levels, pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), the levels of ATP and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and apoptosis were determined. RESULTS: The [Ca2+]m, the mRNA and protein levels of MCU, PDH activity, ATP levels, and Δψm were reduced (P<0.05), while ROS content and the protein levels of caspase-9 and caspase-3 were increased in HG group (P<0.05). Adding 5 μmol/L spermine returned these parameters toward control levels (P<0.05). Moreover, apoptosis was reduced by adding spermine and HG treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: HG-induced cardiac myocyte apoptosis may be associated with the decreased MCU expression and activity, abnormal mitochondrial Ca2+ handling, deviant mitochon-drial respiratory chain, and mitochondrial dysfunction.  相似文献   
8.
为研究盐度对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼()渗透调节与耗氧率的影响,设计实验一,将(162.5±12.1)g珍珠龙胆石斑鱼置于不同盐度(6、12、18、24、30)下养殖10 d,测定血清渗透压及Na+、Cl-、K+离子浓度。实验结果表明,随盐度的升高血清渗透压及Na+、Cl-、K+离子浓度也随着升高,各组[Na+]:[Cl-]比值无显著差异(>0.05);经回归分析得到血清等渗点渗透压为365.95 mOsm/kg,所对应盐度为12.75。实验二,将(26.4±2.7)g幼鱼置于不同盐度(6、12、18、24、30)下养殖30 d,测定在开始暴露后0 h、3 h、24 h、72 h鳃Na+/K+-ATPase活性及表达和第30天耗氧率,结果表明鳃Na+/K+-ATPase活性随盐度的增大呈“U”形变化;鳃Na+/K+-ATPase α1基因表达量波动较大,在72 h后随盐度增大先降低后增加,变化趋势与酶活性一致;第30天耗氧率随盐度的增加先降低后增加又降低。综上所述,珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼10 d内能够完全适应6~30盐度急性变化,耗氧率除了受离子渗透调节的影响,还可能与其生活史阶段有关。  相似文献   
9.
ObjectiveTo compare values of haemoglobin concentration (SpHb), arterial haemoglobin saturation (SpO2) and calculated arterial oxygen content (SpOC), measured noninvasively with a pulse co-oximeter before and after in vivo adjustment (via calibration of the device using a measured haemoglobin concentration) with those measured invasively using a spectrophotometric-based blood gas analyser in anaesthetized dogs.Study designProspective observational clinical study.AnimalsA group of 39 adult dogs.MethodsIn all dogs after standard instrumentation, the dorsal metatarsal artery was catheterised for blood sampling, and a pulse co-oximeter probe was applied to the tongue for noninvasive measurements. Paired data for SpHb, SpO2 and SpOC from the pulse co-oximeter and haemoglobin arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) and arterial oxygen content (CaO2) from the blood gas analyser were obtained before and after in vivo adjustment. Bland–Altman analysis for repeated measurements was used to evaluate the bias, precision and agreement between the pulse co-oximeter and the blood gas analyser. Data are presented as mean differences and 95% limits of agreement (LoA).ResultsA total of 39 data pairs were obtained before in vivo adjustment. The mean invasively measured haemoglobin–SpHb difference was –2.7 g dL?1 with LoA of –4.9 to –0.5 g dL?1. After in vivo adjustment, 104 data pairs were obtained. The mean invasively measured haemoglobin–SpHb difference was –0.2 g dL?1 with LoA of –1.1 to 0.6 g dL?1. The mean SaO2–SpO2 difference was 0.86% with LoA of –0.8% to 2.5% and that between CaO2–SpOC was 0.66 mL dL–1 with LoA of –2.59 to 3.91 mL dL–1.ConclusionsBefore in vivo adjustment, pulse co-oximeter derived values overestimated the spectrophotometric-based blood gas analyser haemoglobin and CaO2 values. After in vivo adjustment, the accuracy, precision and LoA markedly improved. Therefore, in vivo adjustment is recommended when using this device to monitor SpHb in anaesthetised dogs.  相似文献   
10.
开展不同林分保健功能的差异研究和综合评价,能为今后森林康养林的构建与管理提供科学依据。在2019年秋季(9-11月)森林康养旅游高峰期,选取广东省广州市石门国家森林公园中毛竹林、亚热带季风常绿阔叶林、枫香林、杉木林和枫香杉木混交林5种林分,并设置无林地对照组,分析人体舒适度、空气富氧度、负离子保健浓度和植物精气4个指标,采用隶属函数值对不同林分的保健功能进行综合评价。结果表明:1)5种林分的人体舒适度均处于Ⅰ级非常舒适水平,其中杉木林最佳(2.70),无林地对照组处于Ⅱ级舒适水平。2)5种林分和无林地对照组的空气富氧度均处于Ⅱ级较高水平,其中枫香杉木混交林的O2浓度最高(21.17%),且5种林分的O2浓度均高于空气中氧气的含量(20.95%)。3)5种林分的负离子保健浓度均处于Ⅲ级较适宜水平以上,其中亚热带季风常绿阔叶林的负离子浓度(7 234个·cm-3)约为其他林分的3~5倍,处于Ⅰ级很适宜水平,无林地对照组处于Ⅳ级不适宜水平。4)5种林分的植物精气相对含量均较低(<10%),其中亚热带季风常绿阔叶林植物精气的种类和相对含量均显著高于其他4种林分。5)根据隶属函数值大小,不同林分的综合保健功能强弱依次为亚热带季风常绿阔叶林(0.75)>枫香杉木混交林(0.61)>杉木林(0.57)>枫香林(0.46)>毛竹林(0.44)>无林地对照组(0.00)。在秋季,5种不同林分的综合保健功能均优于无林地对照组,尤其是亚热带季风常绿阔叶林,非常适合游客进行森林康养游憩。  相似文献   
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