Utilization of Marine Waste to Obtain β-Chitin Nanofibers and Films from Giant Humboldt Squid Dosidicus gigas

β-chitin was isolated from marine waste, giant Humboldt squid Dosidicus gigas, and further converted to nanofibers by use of a collider machine under acidic conditions (pH 3). The FTIR, TGA, and NMR analysis confirmed the efficient extraction of β-chitin. The SEM, TEM, and XRD characterization results verified that β-chitin crystalline structure were maintained after mechanical treatment. The mean particle size of β-chitin nanofibers was in the range between 10 and 15 nm, according to the TEM analysis. In addition, the β-chitin nanofibers were converted into films by the simple solvent-casting and drying process at 60 °C. The obtained films had high lightness, which was evidenced by the CIELAB color test. Moreover, the films showed the medium swelling degree (250–290%) in aqueous solutions of different pH and good mechanical resistance in the range between 4 and 17 MPa, depending on film thickness. The results obtained in this work show that marine waste can be efficiently converted to biomaterial by use of mild extractive conditions and simple mechanical treatment, offering great potential for the future development of sustainable multifunctional materials for various industrial applications such as food packaging, agriculture, and/or wound dressing.     

静电纺丝在食品活性包装中的应用

静电纺丝是一种利用高压静电场生产纤维的技术,所生产的纳米纤维具有高比表面积和高孔隙率等特点,可以实现对活性物质的包埋以及控制释放,并有效保护其生物活性,在活性包装领域有巨大的应用前景。目前已开发出多种具有不同功能的静电纺丝纳米纤维活性包装材料,且被证明具备应用于果蔬、肉类以及烘焙食品包装中的可行性。本文综述了静电纺丝的原理、分类、影响因素及其在食品活性包装方面的应用,并对其应用前景做了分析和展望,可以为静电纺丝技术在食品包装领域的深入研究提供参考。     

Titanium dioxide nanofibers prepared by using electrospinning method

The synthesis of titanium dioxide nanofibers with 200–300 nm diameter was presented. The new inorganic-organic hybrid nanofibers were prepared by sol-gel processing and electrospinning technique using a viscous solution of titanium isopropoxide (TiP)/poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc). Pure titanium dioxide nanofibers were obtained by high temperature calcination of the inorganic-organic composite fibers. SEM, FT-IR, and WAXD techniques were employed to characterize these nanofibers. The titanium dioxide nanostructured fibers have rougher surface and smaller diameter compare with PVAc/TiP composite nanofibers. The anatase to rutile phase transformation occurred when the calcination temperature was increased from 600 °C to 1000 °C.