都市餐饮企业的净菜需求影响因素分析——以北京市为例

净菜的广泛使用能提高餐饮企业的出餐率,减少其后厨面积、劳动用工和厨余垃圾.基于北京地区708份餐饮企业净菜需求的问卷调查样本,运用垄断竞争市场理论和二元选择模型分析了影响餐饮企业净菜使用行为的具体因素.研究发现,对净菜了解程度不够和净菜价格偏高是制约餐饮企业使用净菜的主要因素,具有不同个体特征和环境特征的餐饮企业选择净...     

Evaluating factors influencing farmers' satisfaction with their irrigation system

The logit technique is used to analyze the relationship between dichotomous reactions of satisfaction (satisfied/dissatisfied) with the irrigation system and certain independent variables. The result shows that five important variables — water availability on time, fertilizer availability, landholding size, farmers' participation in irrigation activities and location of farmland along the canal — significantly determine satisfaction.     

农业现代化进程中农户对土地流转意愿的影响因素研究

完善土地流转是推进农业现代化的一项重要举措,基于农户家庭视角,依据采集的1 036份全国农户样本数据,运用二元Logit选择模型分析了农户进行土地流转意愿的影响因素.研究发现,受教育程度、家庭非农收入、耕地流转价格、流转区域经济水平与农户进行土地流转的意愿有显著正相关影响,农户年龄、家庭农业劳动力数量、耕地质量与农户进行土地流转意愿有显著负相关影响.建议政府加快农村土地流转法治建设,强化土地流转规范化管理;建立城乡发展一体化体制,完善农村社会保障机制;积极推进新型城镇化建设,创造更多非农就业机会;改善农村教育培训条件,提高农民素质与技能.     

农民工医疗保险参保意愿及影响因素分析

通过对重庆农民工调查数据的实证分析,研究影响农民工参加城镇基本医疗保险意愿的因素。结果表明:影响最为明显的是农民工所在的单位性质,国有企事业单位、三资(外资)企业的农民工更愿意参加城镇基本医疗保险;年龄越大、文化程度越高、对医疗保险政策了解越多的农民工参加城镇基本医疗保险的意愿更强烈。分析还发现,重庆籍的农民工比外地农民工更愿意参加重庆城镇职工基本医疗保险。     

基于多分类有序Logit模型的农户信用等级影响因素

针对农村金融机构内部农户信用评级问题,依据西部农村小额信贷农户的调查数据,采用多分类有序Logit模型对农户信用等级影响因素进行实证研究.结果表明:耕地面积、家用电器价值、家庭年总收入、贷款利率、地区经济水平、机构服务满意度对农户信用等级有显著影响;年龄、劳动力人数、教育水平、专业技能、职业、房屋价值、贷款金额、贷款期限、贷款用途、信誉状况对农户信用等级的影响不显著;显著因素的内部次序对农户信用等级的影响表现出明显的差异性.建议小额信贷机构对农户信用等级评定时应侧重以上显著影响因素,并考虑其内部次序所带来的差异,从而建立更加完善的针对不同等级农户的信用评级制度.     

农业节水技术采纳行为的影响因素——基于保护动机理论和跨理论模型

为探讨认知因素在农户农业节水行为形成过程中发挥的作用,基于保护动机理论和行为变化的跨理论模型分析框架,运用广义有序logit回归模型实证分析了农户认知因素对节水技术采纳行为的影响。结果表明:1)农户认知对农业节水技术采纳行为意向具有统计显著影响。高感知严重性、感知脆弱性、自我效能和反应效能将导致更高水平的农业节水技术行为意向;回报因子和反应成本对农户节水技术采纳行为意向具有显著负向影响。2)农户所处的行为阶段不同,各认知因素对农业节水技术采用决策的影响存在异质性,对于处于预思考阶段农户,保护动机模型变量均是影响其行为意向的激励因素;对于处于沉思阶段的农户,感知脆弱性、自我效能和反应成本是影响其行为意向的主要动机;处于准备阶段的农户受感知脆弱性、回报因子和反应效能的影响较大;而对于处于行动阶段的农户,感知严重性、感知脆弱性、反应成本和回报因子是促使其持续采用农业节水技术的关键预测因子。因此,政府应根据农户不同的意愿行为阶段制定针对性、差别化的激励策略,从而促进农户农业节水技术采纳行为意向。     

Factors affecting the adoption of agroforestry practices by farmers in Cameroon

This paper presents empirical evidence on the impact of socio-economic factors on the adoption of agroforestry practices in Cameroon. The analysis uses primary farm-level data collected from June to December 1996. Three major provinces of the country were covered, namely Centre, Southwest and Northwest Several agroforestry technologies have been promoted among farmers in the zone, including alley farming, improved fallow, live fencing, cut-and-carry fodder and apiculture. The status of adoption of each agroforestry practice is described and factors that affect adoption identified. These are gender of farmer, household family size, level of education, farmer’s experience, membership within farmers’ associations, contact with research and extension, security of land tenure, agroecological zone, distance of the village from nearest town, village accessibility and income from livestock. Research findings indicate that since factors affecting farmers’ adoption of agroforestry practices differ across techniques, generalisation is to be avoided.     

Farm and Operator Characteristics Affecting the Awareness and Adoption of Precision Agriculture Technologies in the US

Precision agriculture (PA) technologies have been commercially available since the early 1990s. However, not only has the pace of adoption in the US been relatively modest but a surprisingly large number of producers are not familiar with these technologies. Using farm level survey data, this study quantifies the role that awareness plays in the decision to adopt PA technology and allows us to explore the potential for public or private information programs to affect the diffusion of PA. PA adoption and awareness are modeled as jointly determined dichotomous variables and their determinants are estimated using a two-stage (i.e. instrumental variable) logistic specification. The first-stage logit model indicated that operator education and computer literacy, full-time farming, and farm size positively affected the probability of PA awareness while the effect of age was negative. Grain and oilseed farms (i.e. corn, soybean, and small grains) and specialty crop farms (i.e. fruits, vegetables, and nuts) as well as farms located in the Heartland and Northern Great Plains regions were most likely to be aware of PA technologies. The second-stage PA adoption logit model, which included an instrumental variable to account for the endogeneity of awareness, revealed that farm size, full-time farming, and computer literacy positively influenced the likelihood of PA adoption. Grain and oilseed farms were the most likely types of farms to adopt PA as were farms in the Heartland region. Awareness, as defined in this study, was not found to be limiting the adoption of PA, suggesting that farmers for whom the technology is profitable are already aware of the technology and that a sector-wide public or private initiative to disseminate PA information would not likely have a major impact on PA diffusion.     

快速城镇化地区农户生计资本分化特征及其对生计策略的影响——以上海市青浦区为例

在中国快速城镇化背景下,探讨农户生计资本与生计策略二者之间的关系对实现农户可持续生计具有重要意义。以上海市青浦区为例,在分析农户生计资本分化特征的基础上,运用多分类逻辑回归模型对农户生计资本和生计策略的关系进行了定量化模拟,以揭示影响农户生计策略选择的主要因素。结果表明:1)作为快速城镇化背景下的发达地区,农户生计策略类型分化为传统农业型、专业农业型、农业兼业型、非农兼业型和非农型等多种形态。2)不同生计策略类型农户的资本状况存在差异,大小顺序依次为专业农业型、非农兼业型、非农型、农业兼业型和传统农业型。其中,专业农业型农户在自然资本、物质资本和金融资本等方面均具有显著优势,非农型农户在人力资本方面具有优势,非农兼业型农户在社会资本方面表现最佳。3)多分类逻辑回归模型结果显示家庭整体劳动能力等7个变量是影响农户生计策略选择的主要因素,其中,户均家庭年收入起到重要作用。研究表明,农户所拥有的生计资本状况影响着其生计策略的选择,政府可以通过对不同生计类型农户采取针对性措施来改善其生计资本状况,以实现农户生计转型与可持续发展。