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卵母细胞的化学去核是采用干扰染色体分离或纺锤体正常功能的化学试剂,使其所有染色质通过纺锤丝牢固结合,并借助极体排出的惯性将所有染色质全部带出胞外,达到去核目的。目前以化学去核处理的MⅡ期卵母细胞为受体,已获得克隆小鼠。然而,第一次减数分裂期的小鼠卵母细胞经化学去核后,进行核移植还未见报道。与传统的机械去核相比,该方法对卵母细胞无机械损伤,完全是极体的自然排放;同时细胞质及其中核重编程相关因子损失量小;而且高效、省时,程序简单,所得的卵胞质或许更适合于供体细胞核的重编程。剪取超排小鼠的卵巢,以注射器刺破有腔卵泡后获得卵母细胞和卵丘细胞复合体,进行体外成熟培养。成熟培养5 h后去除卵丘细胞,挑选生发泡破裂的细胞顺序移入含脱羰秋水仙碱(DC,0.4μg/mL,2 h)和DC(0.4μg/L) 放线菌酮(CHX,50μg/mL)的M16培养液中继续培养,直到第一极体排出。去核卵胞质与胎儿成纤维细胞用植物凝集素(PHA,200μg/mL)粘合后,转入电击槽;施加1个5 V/mm、3μs交流电脉冲和2个92 V/mm、70μs直流电脉冲进行电融合。3 h后,以SrCl2激活6h,于四孔培养皿中制作的“孔中孔”(well of well)体外培养重构胚。试验重复3次,共计698个卵母细胞,获得的重构胚融合率和激活率分别为84.8%和93.6%;胚胎2-细胞发育率为24.7%,4-细胞率为6.74%;2-细胞期克隆胚移植假孕受体后,没有获得怀孕受体。试验分别以“血清饥饿”胎儿成纤维细胞、新鲜细胞和冷冻保存细胞为供体作核移植,结果表明,冷冻保存细胞的融合率(69.3%)与其余两组(80.6%和84.8%)呈显著差异(P<0.05);激活率、2-细胞和4-细胞发育率,则三组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。本研究将化学去核与无透明带技术相结合,完全丢弃了传统核移植的显微操作及其繁琐程序,属手工克隆,它的成功将会大大简化核移植程序,同时提高了核移植的生产力,最终提高核移植总效率。  相似文献   
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The present study examines the contribution of the nucleus to meiotic competence in mouse oocytes that were reconstructed using nuclear transfer. Three types of reconstructed oocytes were produced: MP‐GV, by transplanting the male pronucleus (MP) into germinal vesicle (GV) stage oocytes; 3T3‐GV, by transplanting the nucleus of a National Institute of Health (NIH) 3T3 cell into a GV stage oocyte; and 3T3‐MII, by transplanting the nucleus of an NIH 3T3 cell into a metaphase II (MII) stage oocyte. The fusion rates differed, but not significantly, in the MP‐GV, 3T3‐GV, and 3T3‐MII groups (77, 63, 56%, respectively). Then, meiotic competence was compared in MP‐GV, 3T3‐GV and non‐manipulated GV stage oocytes as a control. Nuclear envelope breakdown occurred in all the reconstructed oocytes, as well as the control ones. The percentage of first polar body extrusion differed between the MP‐GV (100%), 3T3‐GV (72%), and control (67%) groups. DNA staining with Hoechst 33342 revealed that in the MP‐GV‐group oocytes that had reached MII stage, the chromosomes were condensed and aligned in a regular array similar to the normal metaphase plate. By contrast, in 3T3‐GV group oocytes, the condensed chromosomes were irregularly scattered in the cytoplasm. These results suggest that the donor nucleus affects meiotic competence in reconstructed oocytes.  相似文献   
4.
为了开发哺乳动物胚胎的室温保存液 ,在室温 ( 2 0℃ )条件下 ,用磷酸缓冲型 PB1、HEPES缓冲型 M2及重碳酸缓冲型 m KRB等 3种溶液及其修正液 ,保存小鼠桑椹胚 4 8h或 72 h,然后经体外培养 ,观察其发育至扩大囊胚的能力。结果 ,用 M2液保存的小鼠桑椹胚获得比较高的囊胚率 ;从 M2液中除去 Na H2 PO4、Na HCO3及葡萄糖 3种成分保存的小鼠桑椹胚 ,发育至扩大囊胚的能力显著提高 ;从溶液中除去丙酮酸钠和乳酸钠 ,或者添加 EDTA和谷氨酰胺 ,对保存后的桑椹胚发育至扩大囊胚能力无显著影响 ;而在保存液中添加犊牛血清后 ,小鼠胚胎的发育能力反而下降。结果表明 ,在室温条件下 ,不含 Na H2 PO4、Na HCO3及葡萄糖 3种成分的 M2液 ,对保存小鼠桑椹胚非常有效  相似文献   
5.
在SPF级环境下,对神经系统转GFP和YFP基因荧光小鼠的生长繁殖性能和血液生化指标进行比较研究。选择10周龄GFP和YFP小鼠各30只(雌雄各半),采取近亲交配繁殖(雌雄1:1),并统计其生长繁殖性能,用全自动生化分析仪测定小鼠血清中15项生化正常指标。小鼠体重增长在雌雄间有差异而品种间无差异;绝大多数血液生化指标在雌雄间和品种间均无差异。两种小鼠的体格大小相当,产仔能力YFP小鼠强于GFP小鼠,正常血液生化指标主要受遗传基因控制。  相似文献   
6.
    
Myoblast differentiation is an essential process during skeletal muscle development. C2 C12 myoblast is a commonly used experimental model to study muscle cell differentiation in vitro. Dehydrogenase/reductase(SDR family) member 3(DHRS3) is a highly conserved member in short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily and has been shown to be involved in the metabolism of retinol. Previous experimental results showed that the expression of DHRS3 increased significantly during the differentiation of myoblasts differentiation. However, the effect of DHRS3 on mouse muscle cell differentiation was unclear. The objective of current study was to determine if DHRS3 affected muscle cell differentiation, and if DHRS3 was involved in muscle regeneration. Protein expression was determined by western blot and immunofluorescence analysis. The activation and inhibition of DHRS3 increased and decreased C2 C12 myoblast differentiation respectively, which indicated that DHRS3 could affect C2 C12 myoblast differentiation. DHRS3 expression was significantly changed during muscle regeneration, with the regeneration of muscle injury, the expression of DHRS3 tended to increase first and then decrease. It suggested that DHRS3 might be involved in muscle regeneration. In summary, this study confirmed the involvement of DHRS3 in C2 C12 myoblast differentiation and mouse skeletal muscle regeneration and provided a theoretical basis for further elucidating the molecular mechanism of muscle development.  相似文献   
7.
对我国21世纪森林病虫鼠害防治体系的展望   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
根据中国森林病虫鼠害防治现状及国际科学研究进展,研究了21世纪森林病虫鼠害的研究方向和科学管理战略,提出了研究重点、目标及管理机构的建制。  相似文献   
8.
BPA不影响卵母细胞减数分裂相关基因Dazl的甲基化   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为了探讨环境雌激素BPA对小鼠卵母细胞减数分裂相关基因Dazl甲基化的影响,本研究通过给孕鼠饮用含有BPA的水方式使胎鼠在发育过程中接触BPA,利用重亚硫酸盐测序法,分析了胎鼠生殖嵴卵母细胞不同发育时期Dazl甲基化水平的变化。结果显示:Dazl在减数分裂期间处于低甲基化水平,无论对照组或处理组均低于10%,说明Dazl的低甲基化对维持减数分裂的正常进行有重要作用;对照组与处理组的甲基化水平相当,差异不显著,说明本研究的BPA浓度不影响卵母细胞Dazl的甲基化水平。  相似文献   
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Our objective was to develop a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inflammation model in calves to evaluate the acute-phase response with respect to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and acute-phase proteins, fever development and sickness behaviour. Fourteen 4-week-old male Holstein Friesian calves were included and randomly assigned to a negative control group (n = 3) and an LPS-challenged group (n = 11). The latter received an intravenous bolus injection of 0.5 μg of LPS/kg body weight. Blood collection and clinical scoring were performed at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 5, 6, 8, 12, 18, 24, 28, 32, 48, 54 and 72 h post LPS administration (p.a.). In the LPS group, the following clinical signs were observed successively: tachypnoea (on average 18 min p.a.), decubitus (29 min p.a.), general depression (1.75 h p.a.), fever (5 h p.a.) and tachycardia (5 h p.a.). Subsequent to the recovery from respiratory distress, general depression was prominent, which deteriorated when fever increased. One animal did not survive LPS administration, whereas the other animals recovered on average within 6.1 h p.a. Moreover, the challenge significantly increased plasma concentrations of tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin 6, serum amyloid A and haptoglobin, with peaking levels at 1, 3.5, 24 and 18 h p.a., respectively. The present LPS model was practical and reproducible, caused obvious clinical signs related to endotoxemia and a marked change in the studied inflammatory mediators, making it a suitable model to study the immunomodulatory properties of drugs in future research.  相似文献   
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