Quantifying subjective human dimensions of recreational fishing: does good health come to those who bait?

Recreational fishing is a popular sport and leisure activity in many countries worldwide. There has been growing interest by recreational fishing groups and researchers in the perceived physical and psychological health and social (or ‘biopsychosocial’) benefits of recreational fishing. However, quantifying the key subjective ‘human dimensions’ of fishing that satisfy both the needs of recreational fishing groups and fishery managers is a major obstacle. We propose the use of psychometrically valid health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) measures widely used in the medical and health sciences – namely the Short‐Form Health Survey (SF‐36) – as rapid, reliable and cost‐effective instruments for quantifying HRQOL of recreational fishers. The widespread use of SF‐36 and availability of population normative data allows comparisons of the HRQOL of recreational fishers across multiple temporal and spatial scales, with participants of other activities, and the general population. The use of such measures in periodic surveys allows the biopsychosocial status of a recreational fishery's participants to be assessed using a modified Kobe plot, a graphical format that is easily interpretable and consistent with existing reporting formats used in fisheries stock assessment. Future biopsychosocial research in recreational fisheries can further benefit from interdisciplinary collaboration to develop a suite of standardized psychometrically valid and reliable instruments for assessing specific issues that commonly affect recreational fisheries from regional to international scales, such as drivers of fisher motivation, behaviour and satisfaction.     

英汉量词的修辞理据与表意效果分析

在一定语境中,语义丰富的名词甚至动词被移作量词,再加之量词内部各类别之间的相互借用,致使量词蕴含着重要的修辞意义。着重分析了英汉量词在突出语言的形象性等五个方面的表意效果,并指出汉语量词在修辞上更具优势。     

F·Scott菲茨杰拉德与其经典短篇小说之美国梦研究

F· Scott 菲茨杰拉德对美国梦的探讨突出地表现在其长篇又系统地反映在其短篇.美国梦的实现,理论上标志着精神财富与物质财富并驾齐驱.由此产生的神秘色彩使人们对它向往已久,进而夸大其在社会发展过程中的动力作用.通过大量阅读和详尽分析,揭示出美国梦在菲小说中自起源至破灭的各个阶段,力图在肯定其积极作用的同时认识其具有西方文化特点的实质.     

Research on the Achievement Motivation of the University Student Village Officials in the Suburbs of Beijing

[Objective] The aim was to explore the achievement motivation of the university student village officials in the suburbs of Beijing.[Method] The research made an investigation on 429 university student village officials in the suburbs of Beijing by the Achievements Motive Scale(AMS).[Result] The achievement motivation of these student village officials was not on a high level,but they tended to pursue the success motivation rather than the motivation to avoid failures obviously.There was a significant difference in the achievement motivation between different genders,majors and jobs.The males’ motivation for success was higher than the females’.The motivation of avoiding failures among officials in Humanities was higher than in Science and in Fine Art.And the university student village officials in professional and technical posts or in business posts rated the motivation to avoid failures more important than in basic management posts.But achievement motivations in different urban-rural areas,educational levels,political backgrounds,whether student leaders or not,and durations were no definite differences.Besides,it had a significant effect on these student village officials’ achievement motivation whether advices and suggestions were accepted;if yes,the motivation was higher.[Conclusion] This study had provided stability and development for building rural talent groups.     

论童年经验对余华创作的影响

从创作动因、零度情感写作、文革情结三方面论述童年经验对余华创作的影响，认为童年经验是作家创作动机的重要动因，它可以影响作家一生的创作倾向、创作风格以及价值取向。文学创作就是作家童年经验的重塑与变形。     

后金融危机下江西省返乡农民工创业典型的调查研究

为了研究后金融危机下江西省返乡农民工的创业情况,对江西省6个县107位返乡创业的农民工进行了问卷调查。结果表明,返乡农民工创业的动机以个人因素居多,同时社会性因素也比较重要。返乡农民工创业面临的主要困难为资金筹集困难、创办企业手续繁琐、权益保障困难、自身素质不高等。返乡农民工创业需要的政府支持为改善农民工创业服务和管理、提供融资政策的支持、加大财政、税收优惠政策、加强创业培训力度和优惠返乡农民工用地5方面。     

沈阳市休闲农业市场需要分析

沈阳市休闲农业虽处于初期发展阶段，但广大农村拥有丰富的旅游资源，市场空间和需求潜力巨大。介绍沈阳市休闲农业的发展现状、需求主体及发展趋势，分析其发展中存在的主要问题，并提出切实可行的发展建议。     

动机对外语学习的影响及相关的措施

研究表明动机是影响外语学习成功与否的一个重要因素。因此,英语教师应通过培养大学生学习兴趣,为大学生创造成功的机会,及时表扬,利用工具型动机,正确对待考试等措施激发大学生学习英语的动机,提高外语学习的成效。     

学习动机对大学英语教学策略的影响

从大学生学习动机的角度分析大学英语教师在教学过程中应注意的几点策略，力求将大学英语教学策略在理论和实践上得到进一步的提高。     

师范生免费教育政策下的英语专业学生英语学习动机类型

采用问卷调查并结合半结构式访谈，探讨在师范生免费教育政策的条件下英语专业学生的动机倾向性，尝试归纳出动机类型，旨在为师范生免费教育相关政策的推广以及高等师范免费教育的培养模式提供一定的借鉴。此次调查的受试学生为402名西南大学外国语学院2007年9月入学的首批英语专业免费师范生。用SPSS13．0对问卷调查后所得数据进行了因子分析，归纳出八种动机类型：个人发展动机，兴趣动机、社会责任动机、文化融合动机、家庭责任动机、政策动机、专业观念动机、证书动机。调查的结果反映出师范生免费教育政策给他们的学习动机带来了直接或间接的影响。