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ABSTRACT: Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins produced by Alexandrium isolates from Korea were analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromography. Species designation of the regional isolates was determined by morphological criteria and ribotyping inferred from sequences of the 28S rDNA D1-D2 region. Toxin analysis performed at the exponential growth phase, revealed that the two strains of A. fraterculus were non-toxic, while the strains of A. tamarense and A. catenella were toxic. Toxic isolates DPC7 and DPC8 of A. catenella produced GTX1, 2, 3, 4, 5, dcGTX2, 3, C1, 2, neoSTX and STX with trace or non-detectable levels of C3 and C4, while isolates UL7, KDW981, SJW97043, SJW97046, KJC97111 and KJC97112 of A. tamarense produced GTX1, 2, 3, 4, dcGTX3, C1, 2, neoSTX with trace or non-detectable levels of C3, 4, dcSTX and STX, and no GTX5 and dcGTX2. The major toxins produced by A. catenella were C1 +2, and those of A. tamarense were C1 +2 and GTX4 in most of the isolates. A. tamarense strains other than SJW97046 produced a relatively high proportion of carbamate toxins, reflecting the high toxicity scores of shellfish intoxication in sampled coastal areas. Two representative toxic isolates, A. tamarense SJW97043 and A. catenella DPC7, were cultured for 30 days in batch mode and subjected to toxin analysis at 5-day intervals. Comparison of toxin productivity in terms of total toxin content, toxin components, and their variations with culture age revealed marked differences between the two strains. 相似文献
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Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on host cells detect pathogens to activate innate immunity which, in turn, initiates inflammatory and adaptive immune responses. Successful activation of PRRs is, therefore, critical to controlling infections and driving pathogen-specific adaptive immunity, but overactivity of PRRs causes systemic inflammation, which is detrimental to the host. Here we review the PRR literature as it relates to horses and speculate on the role PRRs may play in sepsis and endotoxaemia. 相似文献
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基层农机推广工作简论 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
结合彰武县农业机械推广工作的实践,从经费筹集、体系建设、科技创新、服务内容4个方面,详细介绍搞好县级以下基层农机推广工作的建议和措施,以期为农机推广工作提供有益参考。 相似文献
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Significant relative midparent heterosis (MPH%) for grain yield in triticale (×Triticosecale Wittm.) has generated interest in the development of hybrid cultivars. The objectives of this study were to (i) examine the association between parental genetic distance (GD) and specific combining ability (SCA), (ii) investigate the existence of genetically distant heterotic groups in elite germplasm, and (iii) draw conclusions for future hybrid breeding in winter triticale. Genetic distance between 61 lines was estimated, based on 93 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker loci and 10 AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) primer‐enzyme combinations (PEC). Agronomic data of 206 F1 crosses and their 61 parental lines grown in six German environments were published recently in a companion study. Correlations were made between SCA for grain yield, number of spikes/m2, 1000‐kernel weight and number of kernels per spike with GD estimates of the 56 female and five male parents (testers). Principal co‐ordinate analyses (PCoA) based on SSR data revealed no distinct subgroups in the germplasm. Correlations between GD and SCA were low for all traits (|r| ≤ 0.31), which hampers the prediction of SCA from molecular data. A multi‐stage procedure is recommended for future hybrid breeding in triticale by applying a pragmatic approach for the grouping of germplasm following the early history of hybrid breeding of maize. 相似文献
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类风湿关节炎是慢性自体免疫性疾病,文章从作用于细胞因子及其受体、针对T淋巴细胞的清除、影响G蛋白偶联受体信号转导和Ras-丝裂原激活的蛋白激酶信号转导四个方面阐述了消炎免疫药物治疗类风湿性关节炎的分子作用机制。 相似文献
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研究种子、水质和不同取材部位对白藜芦醇含量的影响,并初步探讨花生芽内白藜芦醇的分子结构类型。采取紫外分光光度法测白藜芦醇含量,首先选择2种花生种子,一是到成熟期收获的种子,一是成熟期后延期半月收获的种子,对比二者萌发后白藜芦醇的含量;花生芽培养期间,使用纯净水和配制的营养水,对比花生芽内白藜芦醇含量的变化;生长初期,取1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 cm长的胚轴及子叶测其含量;酶解花生芽2,3,4,5 cm胚轴,检测酶解后白藜芦醇含量。结果表明,酶解后的白藜芦醇比酶解前含量增加;胚轴在3 cm时含量最高,子叶在胚轴1 cm时含量最高;水质对白藜芦醇无明显影响,而延长收获期,对白藜芦醇含量有明显影响。白藜芦醇有糖化形式存在,花生芽培养用纯净水,使用延期收获的种子,选取3cm左右到胚轴或整株,即可得到经济实效的花生芽。 相似文献