Koi herpesvirus and carp edema virus threaten common carp aquaculture in Croatia

Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is a very important fish species for warm-water aquaculture in Croatia. All Croatian carp farms are subjected to a surveillance programme for the presence of koi herpesvirus (KHV), causing a deadly disease called koi herpesvirus disease (KHVD). However, there is no surveillance for other viral pathogens of importance like carp edema virus (CEV), a causative agent of koi sleepy disease (KSD). During regular testing within the KHVD surveillance programme, we tested samples for CEV simultaneously. The screening indicated possible outbreaks of KHVD and KSD. During 2016, KHVD broke out in an isolated area and soon thereafter a KHV eradication programme was successfully performed. However, during 2018 and 2019, two additional mortality events occurred in lakes in the southern part of Croatia during the spring. Samples from both events tested positive for CEV. An epidemiological investigation confirmed the introduction of infected carps from an infected farm to one of the lakes. To prevent the spreading of CEV into open waters, it is of utmost importance to introduce CEV testing before fish movement or to perform regular testing of all carp farms in the country to determine CEV prevalence for the purpose of implementation of control measures.     

Non-invasive Measurement of the Brain Edema and Hematoma

A new method is introduced to measure the conductivity of brain. This method uses magnetic excitation to induce eddy currents inside the brain matter and measures the magnetic field caused by the induced eddy current. The theoretical basis of this method is analyzed and the measurement system is introduced. The aufhors do the experiment and draw a conclusion that the method provided is feasible.     

致猪水肿病大肠杆菌鄂E株SLT-IIeB基因的克隆、序列分析及原核表达

以湖北本地分离的致猪水肿病大肠杆菌鄂E株为模板,PCR扩增去掉信号肽和跨膜区的SLT-IIeB基因,将其克隆到原核表达载体pGEX-KG。同时对筛选出的阳性质粒pGEX-SLT-IIeB进行测序,测序结果与Genbank上发表的12个SLT-IIeB基因序列的同源性达100%,表明该基因保守性很好。重组质粒pGEX-SLT-IIeB经IPTG诱导后在大肠杆菌中实现了表达,SDS-PAGE分析表明表达产物GST-SLT-IIeB有特异性表达带,Western-blot检测证实表达产物具有免疫反应性。     

仔猪水肿病病原鉴定及免疫预防

从某猪场分离到1株细菌,通过培养特性、菌体形态、菌落形态、染色特性、生化试验及血清学试验等一系列系统鉴定,确定为埃希氏大肠杆菌。动物致病性试验表明,该菌对小白鼠有较强的致病性,并引起死亡。分离菌制成油佐剂灭活菌能有效预防猪群再次暴发仔猪水肿病。     

致仔猪水肿病大肠杆菌减毒株的毒力测定及其在仔猪肠道内增殖的分析

在已构建致仔猪水肿病大肠杆菌S451521菌株的2个毒素敲除菌株（F1、F2）基础上,进一步测定了其毒力及在仔猪肠道内的繁殖能力。选择30日龄的ICR小鼠并随机分成4组,A、B、C试验组分别灌胃接种不同浓度的野生菌株S451521及其毒素敲除菌株F1、F2,D组以灭菌生理盐水作阴性对照;结果表明减毒菌株F1和F2毒力均比野生菌株弱,其中F1株减弱了60.73%、F2株减弱了84.38%。选择24日龄未经仔猪水肿病疫苗免疫过的仔猪共14头,并随机分为2组;第1组口服接种减毒菌株F2,第2组以灭菌生理盐水作阴性对照,定期采集仔猪粪样并进行细菌监测;结果显示,仔猪排出减毒菌株F2的数量随时间不断增多,在接种后28d可达到每克粪样含目的菌约70 000cfu。这说明减毒菌株F2能够在仔猪体内定植并大量繁殖。     

多糖和益生菌对暗纹东方纯免疫功能的调节

2003年春以来，山东、辽宁等地区养殖的仿刺参出现急性口围肿胀症，其症状是口围肿胀，体表溃烂，排脏，管足附着力下降，脱落沉至池底，死亡率较高。从病参口围、体表及体壁分离出优势菌10株，经人工感染试验证实其中菌株KW21、KW22、KW23、NB13和NB14是引起仿刺参出现急性口围肿胀症的病原菌。通过16S rRNA基因序列同源性及系统发育分析表明，菌株KW21为Mahnomonas dokdonens／s；菌株KW22和菌株NB13具有相近的亲缘关系，两者均与Vibrio splendidus有较高的相似性（99％，98％）；菌株KW23为Vibrio tapetis；菌株NB14为Vibrio sp．。5株病原菌均为革兰氏阴性菌，电镜下观察菌株KW21棒杆状；菌株KW22、KW23、NB13和NB14分别为杆状、弧状、卵圆形和卵圆形，且都具有单极生鞭毛。药物敏感性试验结果表明，诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星和红霉素对5株菌均有较强的抑菌作用。Vibrio tapetis，Vibrio splendidus和Marinomonas dokdonensi作为仿刺参的病原菌属首次报道。     

猪水肿病大肠杆菌F18ab菌毛A亚单位与志贺样毒素Ⅱ型变异体A亚单位的联合表达

扩增、克隆和表达了水肿病大肠杆菌的致病因子F18ab 菌毛的主要亚单位FedA全基因(包括信号肽序列),并与现有的另一致病因子志贺样毒素Ⅱ型变异体A亚单位基因(stx 2eA)连接,然后进行联合表达。同时用已制备的抗Stx 2eA 单克隆抗体和抗F18ab菌毛单克隆抗体对联合表达的融合蛋白质进行检测鉴定。     

屠宰猪胃脏病理变化调查

对北京地区部分屠宰场的猪胃脏进行调查，共检查胃样8100个，检出具有各种病变的胃样287个，病变检出率3．54％，检出的病变包括急性出血性胃炎、胃水肿、胃溃疡、慢性胃炎、颚口线虫。     

Postanesthetic Pulmonary Edema In an Arab Stallion

A six-year-old arabian stallion was admitted to The Ohio State University Veterinary Hospital for evaluation and repair of a comminuted fracture of the second phalanx. The horse developed impaired arterial oxygenation during surgey and pulmonary edema post-operatively. We postulate that impaired arterial oxygenation resulted from atelectasis of the dependent lung during annesthesia, and the pulmonary edema occurred following re-expansion of the atelectatic of the initiating cause of the edema, removal of excess lung water from the alveoli, and restoration of normal arterial oxygenation. The horse was fully recovered within 12 hours of initiation of clinical signs of respiratory compromise. The horse was fully recovered within 12 hours of initiation of clinical signs of respiratory compromise. This report describes re-expansion pulmonary edema due to reperfusion injury in a horse, treatment of the condition, and a possible explanation of the pathogenesis of this pulmonary pathology.