Effects of Intragastric Lycopene on Oxidative Stress of Blood after Exercise SD Rats

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of intragastric lycopene on oxidative stress blood after exercise SD rats.Thirty two SD rats with similar weight(233.40 g±6.21 g) and good health for SPF were randomized into one control groups and three trial groups with 8 rats per group.The control group was gastric fed with edible oil,the trial Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups were gastric fed with edible oil intragastric with 10,20,40 mg/(kg·BW) lycopene,respectively.The pre-experiment period lasted for 10 d,and the experiment period lasted for 42 d.Swimming train six days a week and train six weeks,then that blood were collection for determination of oxidative stress after swimming train 11 hours SD rats.The results showed that lycopene concentration of plasma was increased at first and decreased subsequently,after 4 h lycopene concentration of plasma in SD rat was peak.With the increase of intragastric lycopene doses,glutathione peroxidase,total antioxidant enzyme activity and total antioxidant capacity of plasma showed a trend of rising; malondialdehyde content of plasma showed a trend of decrease with the increase of supplemental lycopene dose after exercise SD rats.Therefore,the antioxidant capacity of blood after exercise SD rats and doses of intragastric lycopene were dose dependent,antioxidant capacity of blood after exercise SD rats showed a trend of rise with the increase of lycopene dose.     

牛奶子果实性状及营养成分的产地与株间变异研究

对采自不同产地和单株的牛奶子的果实性状、氨基酸含量、番茄红素、β-胡萝卜素、Vc以及微量元素进行了分析.牛奶子浆果平均鲜质量0.13 g,变幅0.07～0.15 g.鲜果平均果肉率75.01%.6个单株的17种氨基酸总含量在146.596～179.634 mg·g-1之间,平均总含量为167.839 mg·g-1.其中谷氨酸含量最高,占氨基酸总含量的18.07%;其次精氨酸(11.66%)及天冬氨酸含量(10.78%),甲硫氨酸最低(0.84%),其余氨基酸均在7.00%以下.3个单株的番茄红素含量,最高的为342.000 mg·kg-1,最低为78.000 mg·kg-1,两者相差3.38倍,其含量是番茄的2.6～11.4倍.β-胡萝卜素平均含量为6.480 mg·kg-1,可溶性糖平均含量7.312 mg·kg-1,可滴定酸平均含量3.240 mg·g-1.Vc的平均含量为0.049 mg·g-1.Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu平均含量分别为97.881、77.553、23.384、12.129 mg·kg-1.K、Ca平均含量分别为11.190、3.720 mg·g-1.     

红蓝光质对转色期间番茄果实主要品质的影响

采用LED精量调制光源,以番茄品种‘Micro-Tom’为试材,设置红光(R)、蓝光(B)和红蓝组合光3︰1(3R1B)3个处理,以白光(W)为对照,研究红蓝光质对转色期间番茄果实主要品质及番茄红素生物合成关键酶基因表达的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,红光和3R1B处理可显著提高番茄果实可溶性糖含量和糖酸比,降低可滴定酸含量;蓝光下维生素C、可溶性蛋白和可滴定酸含量明显升高,可溶性糖含量较低,但与对照差异不明显。随着果实成熟,红光和3R1B处理下番茄红素含量及牻牛儿基牻牛儿基焦磷酸合成酶(GGPS)和八氢番茄红素合成酶(PSY)基因的表达量显著高于蓝光和对照,尤以3R1B处理最明显;蓝光则显著降低了番茄红素含量,GGPS和PSY1表达受到抑制。综上,蓝光能够促进维生素C、蛋白质和有机酸含量增加;红光和红蓝组合光则有利于碳水化合物的积累,且通过提高番茄红素生物合成关键酶基因GGPS和PSY1的转录水平和活性,促进番茄红素合成,尤以3R1B处理最佳。说明适宜比例的红蓝组合光有利于番茄果实转色,提高果实品质。     

Postharvest UV-C treatment combined with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), followed by storage in continuous low-level ethylene atmosphere,improves the quality of tomatoes

Mature green tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv Neang Pich) were exposed to 13.6 kJ m^?2 UV-C or 0.5 μL L^?1 1-MCP or combination of 13.6 kJ m^?2 UV-C and 0.5 μL L^?1 1-MCP, with appropriate untreated controls. After treatment, tomatoes were stored in air containing 0.1 μL L^?1 ethylene at 20°C and 100% RH. The untreated fruit ripened significantly faster than those of all other treatments. UV-C treatment alone was able to delay fruit ripening by up to 5 days longer compared to untreated fruits whilst the additional of 1-MCP further delayed fruit ripening. UV-C and 1-MCP treatments alone or in combination had significantly slower ethylene production rates throughout the storage period. The fruit treated with the combination of 1-MCP and UV-C was significantly firmer and had higher total phenolic content compared to that of the other treatments. However, there was no difference between treatments in soluble solids content/titratable acids ratio, chlorophyll content, lycopene content and total antioxidant activity. These results show that UV-C and 1-MCP treatment delay ripening and improve the quality of tomatoes in the presence of low-level ethylene during storage. This new treatment could be used to extend the shelf-life of mature green tomatoes through the supply chain without the use of refrigeration.     

番茄红素对秦川牛精液冷冻保存及鲜精品质影响

旨在探究番茄红素对秦川牛精液冷冻保存和新鲜精液品质的影响,为番茄红素作为新型精液稀释液添加剂和种公畜日粮添加剂提供依据。本研究采集3头年龄3~5岁健康状况良好秦川种公牛的新鲜精液混合,用0、1、2、3、4 μmol·L^-1浓度的番茄红素稀释液冷冻保存;利用计算机辅助分析仪、低渗肿胀检测法、花生凝集素荧光标记检测法、罗丹明荧光检测法等检测精子的运动性能、顶体完整率、质膜完整性、线粒体活性和抗氧化性能;在秦川种公牛日粮中添加15 mg·kg^-1 BW番茄红素,检测饲喂前后秦川种公牛的新鲜精液品质和血清抗氧化指标。结果表明,在秦川牛精液冷冻保存过程中添加番茄红素可以显著提高冷冻-解冻后精子的活力、顶体完整率、质膜完整性和线粒体活性以及抗氧化酶CAT和GSH-Px酶活性,显著降低精子中MDA含量,且番茄红素的最适添加浓度为2 μmol·L^-1(P<0.05);饲喂15 mg·kg^-1 BW番茄红素后,与饲喂之前相比,秦川种公牛的精子活力显著提高(P<0.05),精子畸形率显著降低(P<0.05),血清中抗氧化酶SOD、CAT、GSH-Px酶活性显著增加(P<0.05),MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,一定浓度的番茄红素对精子在冷冻过程中造成的精子损伤和秦川牛机体应激造成的繁殖性能降低具有良好的保护作用,这可能与番茄红素通过抗氧化作用减少精子在冷冻-解冻过程中的氧化损伤和提高动物机体的抗氧化能力有关。     

番茄红素微波萃取工艺条件的研究

番茄红素是脂溶性色素,脂溶性色素的提取特点是提取时间较长,采用微波浸提技术可以提高其提取率。实验采用微波辐射法萃取番茄红素,确定的最佳提取工艺条件是:提取溶剂为丙酮,微波功率级数为2,提取时间为40s,液固比(mL·g-1)为3∶1,提取级数为3。     

番茄红素提取工艺研究进展

番茄红素是类胡萝卜素的一种,它具有很强的抗氧化、防癌、抗癌的作用,是目前国际上功能食品成分研究中的一个热点。文章综述了番茄红素的提取方法,包括直接粉碎法、有机溶剂浸提法、超临界流体萃取法、制备高压液相色谱及酶反应法等。     

The evaluation of lycopene and cysteamine supplementation effects on sperm and oxidative stress parameters during chilled storage of canine semen

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of lycopene and cysteamine on characteristics of sperm, liquid peroxidation and enzymatic activities in seminal plasma of canine semen preserved at 5°C for 72 hr. The semen samples were divided into eight aliquots: control, control sham (dimethyl sulfoxide 5%), lycopene groups (250, 500 and 750 µg/ml) and cysteamine groups (2.5, 5 and 10 mM). Motility, viability, membrane integrity, DNA integrity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were evaluated. Progressive motility and total motility were higher with the 500 and 750 µg/ml lycopene concentrations, respectively, compared to the control group and the cysteamine groups following 72 hr of storage in the liquid storage. Motility characteristics, viability and hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST) percentages were significantly improved in 500 µg/ml lycopene compared to other groups. The 500 and 750 µg/ml lycopene concentrations, respectively, showed significantly reduced percentages of spermatozoa with DNA integrity compared to the control group. The 500 and 750 µg/ml lycopene concentrations, respectively, led to the significant decrease of MDA levels. The 500 µg/ml lycopene enhanced TAC levels after 48 and 72 hr that was not observed in other groups. In conclusion, the findings of this study showed that lycopene supplementation in canine semen extenders improved canine semen parameters and TAC levels and decreased MDA levels in the chilling process.     

Supplemental blue and red light promote lycopene synthesis in tomato fruits

Lycopene, one of the strongest natural antioxidants known and the main carotene in ripe tomato, is very important for human health. Light is well known to be one of the most important environmental stimuli influencing lycopene biosynthesis; specifically, red light induces higher lycopene content in tomato. However, whether blue light promotes lycopene synthesis remains elusive and exactly how light stimulation promotes lycopene synthesis remains unclear. We applied supplemental blue and red lighting on tomato plants at anthesis to monitor the effect of supplemental blue and red lighting on lycopene synthesis. Our results showed that supplemental blue/red lighting induced higher lycopene content in tomato fruits; furthermore, we found that the expression of key genes in the lycopene synthesis pathway was induced by supplemented blue/red light. The expression of light signaling components, such as red-light receptor phytochromes (PHYs), blue-light receptor cryptochromes (CRYs) and light interaction factors, phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) and ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5) were up- or down-regulated by blue/red lighting. Thus, blue and red light increased lycopene content in tomatoes by inducing light receptors that modulate HY5 and PIFs activation to mediate phytoene synthase 1 (PSY1) gene expression. These results provide a sound theoretical basis for further elucidation of the light regulating mechanism of lycopene synthesis in tomatoes, and for instituting a new generation of technological innovations for the enhancement of lycopene accumulation in crop production.     

西瓜中番茄红素提取工艺研究

对有机溶剂法从西瓜中提取番茄红素的工艺条件进行了研究,通过单因素实验、正交实验及方差分析,考察了影响提取的主要因素,寻求最佳提取工艺.结果表明,溶剂选用乙酸乙脂提取效果好,提取条件为固液比1:7,温度35℃,时间100min.