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1.

Objective

To compare the effect of propofol and alfaxalone on laryngeal motion under a light plane of anaesthesia in nonbrachycephalic and brachycephalic dogs anaesthetized for nonemergency procedures.

Study design

Prospective, randomized clinical trial.

Animals

A total of 48 client-owned dogs (24 nonbrachycephalic and 24 brachycephalic).

Methods

A standardized premedication of methadone (0.2 mg kg?1) and acepromazine (0.01 mg kg?1) was administered intramuscularly. Dogs were randomly assigned to be induced with increments of propofol (1–4 mg kg?1) or alfaxalone (0.5–2 mg kg?1). Laryngeal assessment was performed under a light plane of anaesthesia by a surgeon (GTH) who was unaware of the induction protocol. Laryngeal movement was assessed as either being present when abduction of the laryngeal cartilages upon inspiration was identified, or absent when abduction was not recognized. Simultaneously, a 60-second video was recorded. The same surgeon (GTH) and an additional surgeon (NK) re-evaluated the videos 1 month later. Categorical comparisons were studied using Chi square and Fisher’s exact test where appropriate. Pairwise evaluation of agreement between scorers was undertaken with the kappa statistic (κ).

Results

There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) identified between the presence or absence of laryngeal motion between dogs administered propofol or alfaxalone, as well as when analysing nonbrachycephalic and brachycephalic dogs separately. The majority of dogs (>75%) maintained some degree of laryngeal motion with both protocols. Agreement between assessors was excellent (κ = 0.822).

Conclusions

Alfaxalone maintained laryngeal motion similarly to propofol in nonbrachycephalic and brachycephalic dogs.

Clinical relevance

Both agents would appear appropriate for allowing assessment of laryngeal motion in nonbrachycephalic and brachycephalic dogs. The assessment technique of subjective evaluation of laryngeal motion via peroral laryngoscopy under a light plane of anaesthesia produced consistent results amongst assessors, regardless of the induction agent used.  相似文献   
2.
Recurrent laryngeal neuropathy (RLN) has been recognised for two centuries in horses. Surveys undertaken in Europe and the United States have reported that prosthetic laryngoplasty is the most common treatment for RLN, particularly for advanced cases. Despite widespread adoption of this surgical technique for treatment of RLN, reported success rates still vary widely, particularly in horses used for high intensity exercise where outcomes are often considered moderate, at best. Studies evaluating the outcome of the procedure are complicated by the use of variable criteria for measuring success, various modifications in the procedure, differing athletic demands in horses used in different equine disciplines and horses lost to follow‐up. Furthermore, post operative complications appear to be common, in particular, the effects of the surgery on airway dynamics which are not completely understood. Proposed modifications to the technique may provide a means of improving success rates; however, standardised objective measurements taken before and after surgery are required to effectively evaluate the potential benefits and outcomes of the procedure.  相似文献   
3.
“五脏六腑皆令人咳,非独肺也”,黄政德教授以中医辨证理论为指导,基于肺与大肠理论来治疗咳嗽,其疗效突出,对于临床治疗咳嗽具有深远的指导意义。  相似文献   
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喉源性咳嗽是著名中医耳鼻咽喉科鼻祖干祖望教授首创的中医病名,本文通过总结干祖望教授及多位临床医师的辨证论治经验,结合笔者临床实践,进一步探讨其病因病机及遣方用药特点。笔者认为以风邪为辨证核心论治该病可以取得良好效果,体现了中医药诊疗喉源性咳嗽的优势和特色。  相似文献   
9.
The objective of this study was to examine laryngeal function at rest and during ridden exercise and to further analyse the impact of different head and neck positions on the laryngeal function in ridden sport horses. Fifty‐eight Warmblood horses were examined endoscopically during ridden exercise as well as during quiet breathing at rest before and after sedation. Four different head‐neck positions (unrestrained, reference, elevation and hyperflexion) were assessed during the exercise test. Laryngeal function was graded at rest and for every combination of gait and head and neck position during exercise. There was a significant correlation between the grade of laryngeal function during exercise and at rest both before (correlation coefficient = 0.794) and after (correlation coefficient = 0.741) sedation (P<0.01). No significant association was found between the grade of laryngeal function during exercise and the different head and neck positions.  相似文献   
10.
基于深度信念网络的猪咳嗽声识别   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
为了在生猪养殖产生呼吸道疾病的初期,通过监测猪咳嗽声进行疾病预警,提出了基于深度信念网络(DBN)对猪咳嗽声进行识别的方法。以长白猪咳嗽、打喷嚏、吃食、尖叫、哼哼、甩耳朵等声音为研究对象,利用基于多窗谱的心理声学语音增强算法和单参数双门限端点检测对猪声音进行预处理,实现猪声音信号的去噪和有效信号检测。基于时间规整算法提取300维短时能量和720维梅尔频率倒谱系数(MFCC)组合成1020维特征参数,将该组合特征参数作为DBN学习和识别数据集,选定3隐层神经元个数分别为42、17和7,构建网络结构为1020-42-17-7-2的5层深度信念网络猪咳嗽声识别模型。通过5折交叉实验验证,基于DBN的猪咳嗽声识别率和总识别率均达到90%以上,误识别率不超过8.07%,最优组猪咳嗽声识别率达到94.12%,误识别率为7.45%,总识别率达到93.21%。进一步基于主成分分析法(PCA)提取1020维特征参数98.01%主成分得到479维特征参数,通过5折交叉实验验证,猪咳嗽声识别率和总识别率相对降维前均有所提高,误识别率有所降低,最优组猪咳嗽声识别率达到95.80%,误识别率为6.83%,总识别率达到94.29%,实验结果表明所建模型是有效可行的。  相似文献   
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