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1.
为了解2019—2020年新疆地区猪圆环病毒病2型(PCV2)抗体水平及其消长规律,本试验采用间接酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法对475份血清中PCV2免疫抗体水平进行检测和分析。结果显示,PCV2抗体平均阳性率为69.68%(331/475),未达到国家规定标准(70%)。S/P的平均值为1.56。不同类别猪群抗体平均阳性率在42.50%~86.67%之间,有一定的差异。在调查的5个规模化养殖场中,仅有2个场PCV2免疫抗体阳性率达到国家标准。各场应根据抗体检测结果,进一步对现有的免疫程序进行调整和完整,确保各猪群健康。  相似文献   
2.
Antimicrobial peptides are a class of proteins with antibacterial functions. In this study, the anti-lipopolysaccharide factor isoform 3 gene (ALFPm3), encoding an antimicrobial peptide from Penaeus monodon with a super activity was expressed in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, which would develop a microalga strain that can be used for the antimicrobial peptide production. To construct the expression cluster, namely pH2A-Pm3, the codon optimized ALFPm3 gene was fused with the ble reporter by 2A peptide and inserted into pH124 vector. The glass-bead method was performed to transform pH2A-Pm3 into C. reinhardtii CC-849. In addition to 8 μg/mL zeocin resistance selection, the C. reinhardtii transformants were further confirmed by genomic PCR and RT-PCR. Western blot analysis showed that the C. reinhardtii-derived ALFPm3 (cALFPm3) was successfully expressed in C. reinhardtii transformants and accounted for 0.35% of the total soluble protein (TSP). Furthermore, the results of antibacterial assay revealed that the cALFPm3 could significantly inhibit the growth of a variety of bacteria, including both Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria at a concentration of 0.77 μM. Especially, the inhibition could last longer than 24 h, which performed better than ampicillin. Hence, this study successfully developed a transgenic C. reinhardtii strain, which can produce the active ALFPm3 driven from P. monodon, providing a potential strategy to use C. reinhardtii as the cell factory to produce antimicrobial peptides.  相似文献   
3.
瓜类果斑病是一种严重为害西甜瓜作物的细菌病害,胶体金试纸条是对其进行现场检测的主要手段。将中国检验检疫科学研究院研制的瓜类果斑病菌胶体金检测试纸条与市场上商品化的美国Agdia公司同类试纸条进行比较,发现两种试纸条的灵敏度和特异性相当,适用于检测出现疑似果斑病症状的叶片和果实;也可用于种子带菌检测,但易出现假阳性结果。另外,还总结了该类试纸条应用于检测中的注意事项,为瓜类果斑病的田间检测提供技术参考。  相似文献   
4.
A kernel screening assay (KSA) was used to assess the genetic and environmental effects on the vulnerability of maize to aflatoxin accumulation. Kernels of 26 inbred lines that had been grown in seven environments, and 190 lines of the Intermated B73xMo17 (IBM) population grown in one location in the United States, were inoculated with a toxigenic strain of A. flavus and incubated in the dark at 30°C for 6 days. Percent kernel colonization (PKC), sporulation and aflatoxin were influenced by the maize genotypes (G), the location (“ear environment” or E) and the GxE interactions. Overall, low broad‐sense heritabilities were observed for PKC, sporulation and aflatoxin. PKC was significantly correlated with sporulation in all environments. Aflatoxin was positively correlated with colonization for two and with sporulation for all ear environments. Higher grain sulphur or magnesium in IBM was associated with less colonization or aflatoxin. Postharvest susceptibility of maize to aflatoxin is thus influenced by factors that are modulated by the ear environment. In a KSA, sporulation could be a proxy test for aflatoxin accumulation.  相似文献   
5.
本试验旨在建立一种针对检测抗H1N1亚型猪流感病毒单克隆抗体的免疫过氧化物酶单层细胞试验(immunoperoxidase monolayer assay,IPMA)筛选方法。通过优化MDCK细胞接毒量、细胞接毒后培养时间、封闭液的种类和工作浓度、工作时间等各个反应条件,并对建立的IPMA筛选方法的特异性、敏感性和重复性进行评价。结果显示,建立的IPMA检测方法的最优反应条件为MDCK细胞接毒102.63 TCID50/100 μL H1N1亚型猪流感病毒,37℃培养24 h,含3‰ H2O2的甲醇室温固定15 min,5%脱脂乳37℃封闭2 h,50 μL杂交瘤细胞上清作为一抗,37℃孵育2 h,羊抗鼠HRP-IgG二抗37℃孵育1 h。所建立的IPMA方法能特异性地检测H1N1亚型猪流感病毒单克隆抗体,与猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)和猪瘟病毒(CSFV)阳性血清不发生交叉反应;其敏感性检测结果显示,可检测1:3 200的HI=2-9标准H1N1猪阳性血清;批间和批内重复性试验结果较好。综上所述,本试验成功建立了抗H1N1亚型猪流感病毒单克隆抗体的IPMA检测方法,该方法特异性强、敏感性高、重复性好,为生产鉴定H1N1亚型猪流感病毒单克隆抗体提供了一种简便、实用、有效的检测手段。  相似文献   
6.
本研究以在毕赤酵母系统中表达并纯化的p27重组蛋白为包被抗原,HRP标记的兔抗鸡IgY为酶标二抗,建立了一种快速有效的禽蛋白血病病毒ELISA检测方法,并对其反应条件进行优化。结果显示,该方法具有良好的特异性和重复性;与市售商品试剂盒相比,符合率为96.92%,且更为敏感。应用建立的ELISA方法检测来自吉林省内鸡场314份疑似样品,阳性检出率为75.15%。本研究为禽白血病病毒的检测与诊断提供了一种简便、有效的检测方法。  相似文献   
7.
为了监测我国规模化猪场伪狂犬病病毒(Pseudorabies virus,PRV)野毒感染情况,本研究采用伪狂犬g E抗体ELISA检测试剂盒对2012年2月~2017年7月送检的我国11个省份925个规模化猪场的44809份猪血清样品进行PRV野毒抗体检测。结果显示,925个猪场中有508个野毒阳性猪场,占检测猪场总数的54.91%,检出9153份阳性猪血清,平均阳性率为20.42%。其中种猪的野毒感染情况最明显,检出率较高,阳性率为23.19%;育肥猪的阳性检出率最低为17.22%。调查表明,我国规模化猪场猪群中仍存在PRV野毒感染。同时,本调查分析了不同地区、不同日龄猪的PRV野毒感染情况及该病的流行趋势,为我国伪狂犬病的净化提供思路。  相似文献   
8.
Antioxidants prevent ageing and are usually quantified and screened using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. However, this assay cannot be used for salt-containing samples, such as the cell-free supernatants of marine microorganisms that are aggregated under these conditions. Herein, the DPPH solvent (methanol or ethanol) and its water content were optimized to enable the analysis of salt-containing samples, aggregation was observed for alcohol contents of >70%. The water content of methanol influenced the activities of standard antioxidants but did not significantly affect that of the samples. Based on solution stability considerations, 70% aqueous methanol was chosen as the optimal DPPH solvent. The developed method was successfully applied to the cell-free supernatants of marine bacteria (Pseudoalteromonas rubra and Pseudoalteromonas xiamenensis), revealing their high antioxidant activities. Furthermore, it was concluded that this method would be useful for the screening of marine microorganism–derived antioxidants, which also has numerous potential applications, such as salt-fermented foods.  相似文献   
9.
Changes in atmospheric aerosols have profound effects on ecosystem productivity, vegetation growth and activity by directly and indirectly influencing climate and environment conditions. However, few studies have focused on the effects of atmospheric aerosols on vegetation growth and activity in the vulnerable arid and semi-arid regions, which are also the source areas of aerosols. Using the datasets of aerosol optical depth(AOD), normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) and multiple climatic variables including photosynthetically active radiation(PAR), surface solar radiation(SSR), surface air temperature(TEM) and total precipitation(PRE), we analyzed the potential responses of vegetation activity to atmospheric aerosols and their associated climatic factors in arid and semi-arid regions of Asia from 2005 to 2015. Our results suggested that areas with decreasing growing-season NDVI were mainly observed in regions with relatively sparse vegetation coverage, while AOD tended to increase as NDVI decreased in these regions. Upon further analysis, we found that aerosols might exert a negative influence on vegetation activity by reducing SSR, PAR and TEM, as well as suppressing PRE in most arid and semi-arid regions of Asia. Moreover, the responses of atmospheric aerosols on vegetation activity varied among different growing stages. At the early growing stage, higher concentration of aerosol was accompanied with suppressed vegetation growth by enhancing cooling effects and reducing SSR and PAR. At the middle growing stage, aerosols tended to alter microphysical properties of clouds with suppressed PRE, thereby restricting vegetation growth. At the late growing stage, aerosols exerted significantly positive influences on vegetation activity by increasing SSR, PAR and TEM in regions with high anthropogenic aerosols. Overall, at different growing stages, aerosols could influence vegetation activity by changing different climatic factors including SSR, PAR, TEM and PRE in arid and semi-arid regions of Asia. This study not only clarifies the impacts of aerosols on vegetation activity in source areas, but also explains the roles of aerosols in climate.  相似文献   
10.
旨在探究陈皮、青皮、木瓜、厚朴、红景天等5种中药材提取液以及饲喂了陈皮和青皮的猪尿液胶体金免疫层析法检测结果呈阳性的原因。建立测定猪尿及中药提取物中辛弗林的LC-MS/MS检测方法,测定陈皮、青皮的提取物和饲喂陈皮、青皮后猪尿中的辛弗林浓度。用小鼠肝微粒体孵育CGIA检测呈阳性的陈皮、青皮、木瓜和厚朴4味中药提取物。饲喂陈皮和青皮后的猪尿液检出辛弗林,浓度分别为1.36和1.65 μg·mL-1;在陈皮和青皮的提取复溶液中检出辛弗林,浓度分别为132.6和312.7 μg·mL-1。厚朴和木瓜两种中药提取物经过肝微粒体孵育后,在2~5 h逐渐由CGIA检测阳性转为阴性,陈皮和青皮孵育后,0~6 h的结果均为CGIA检测阳性;阴性中药组CGIA检测均呈阴性,而添加辛弗林的阳性对照组0~6 h CGIA检测均呈阳性。猪较大剂量使用陈皮和青皮会引起猪尿β-受体激动剂CGIA检测出现假阳性,该假阳性现象跟中药成分辛弗林有关,体外试验中辛弗林不易被小鼠肝微粒体代谢。  相似文献   
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