历史街区街道界面景观要素及保护策略研究——以青岛鱼山历史文化街区为例

指出了历史文化街区是人类文明的“活化石”,是人类历史文化遗迹和日常生活的重要空间载体。历史文化街区的街道景观是街道展示景观的主要载体,通过对街道界面景观要素的提取、归纳与总结,得出街道界面景观要素由底界面、侧界面以及顶界面三大核心要素组成,并将其应用到鱼山历史文化街区街道景观内进行了分析研究,提出了一些保护策略。旨在进一步了解历史文化街区街道界面景观要素构成,为历史文化街区景观的保护提供更加清晰的思路。     

我国抹茶文化的历史渊源与发展历程

抹茶,起源于中国,兴于唐而盛于宋,在中国茶文化里占据了重要的一席之地。本文简要介绍抹茶的定义、抹茶的保健功效、历史沿革,以及我国抹茶的发展历程,并探讨其研究利用的发展前景,以期为抹茶的进一步开发和利用提供参考。     

疫情下“生物分离工程”课程教学模式思考

生物分离工程是生物工程、食品工程、酿酒工程等多个专业的必修课；为保质保量的完成教学任务和人才培养目标,从课程教学实施、存在问题、改革建议等方面思考了新冠肺炎疫情下,课程线上授课模式。     

《兽医寄生虫病学》课程思政教学的探索

为全面落实立德树人的根本任务,基于《兽医寄生虫病学》课程的特点,深入挖掘课程所蕴含的思政元素,并将其融入教学过程,将有助于培养德才兼备、符合社会需求的高素质应用型动物医学专业人才。     

Evolution of marine fisheries management in China from 1949 to 2019: How did China get here and where does China go next?

China is the world’s biggest fishing nation and a major player in the global seafood trade. Its fisheries development can decisively influence the global seafood trade, food security and marine conservation. In recent years, significant changes have taken place in China’s fisheries management priorities, policies and regulations. In this paper, we review the evolving fisheries management practices in China to delineate changes in the management policies, methods and their performances from 1949 to 2019. We determined that the following issues impede the development, implementation and enforcement of fisheries policies and regulations, namely the large size of the fishing fleet, large and poorly organized fisheries population, the “hidden” fishing capacity, uniform management approaches that sometimes fail to account for local conditions, lack of clearly defined and allocated fishing rights, limited data quality and availability, insufficient fisheries monitoring programmes, absence of a robust scientific input framework and insufficient stakeholder involvement. Combining those problems with China’s current management initiatives, we propose recommendations for China’s future fisheries reforms. We hope this paper can inform China’s marine fisheries policies and provide valuable references for further researches related to China’s sustainable fisheries management.     

提高贯通培养项目基础文化课教学质量的策略研究

高端技术技能人才贯通培养实验项目(简称贯通培养项目)是北京市为更好地适应国际化产业发展，培养高素质技能型人才所推行的新型教学模式，涵盖了高中教育、职业教育、本科教育阶段。通过对基础文化课阶段的教学质量现状进行调查分析发现，这一项目在人才培养方案、课程体系、教学督导、师资队伍等方面获得一定经验，也存在一定问题。要提高基础文化课阶段的教学质量，需要在上述四个方面进一步改进。     

Pre‐Columbian fisheries catch reconstruction for a subtropical estuary in South America

Small‐scale fisheries provide food and livelihoods for thousands of people along the Brazilian coastline. However, considerable uncertainties still surround the extent to which artisanal and subsistence fisheries contribute to the total of national landings and their historical ecological significance. Fisheries monitoring is deficient in Brazil, and historical records are limited to irregular accounts spanning the last few decades, while this coastline has supported human populations for at least 6,000 years. Here, we estimate pre‐Columbian subsistence catches for a large subtropical estuary in southern Brazil. Our results suggest that prehistoric populations may have extracted volumes of fish biomass higher than or comparable with historical subsistence fisheries in the region, and that the latter is likely underestimated. If a long‐term perspective is required to evaluate the current economic value and status of fisheries in subtropical and tropical South America, this should go beyond the historical time interval and integrate the contribution of pre‐Columbian archaeology.     

Distribution patterns of loliginid squid paralarvae in relation to the oceanographic features off the South Brazil Bight (22°–25°S)

Loliginid squids constitute marine resources of increasing importance in shelf ecosystems off the coast of South Brazil. However, the existing information and knowledge about the occurrence of early‐life stages and causes of distributional patterns are insufficient. Here, we have revisited Brazilian historical plankton samples obtained from 11 oceanographic surveys to identify paralarvae and their abundances over time. The study area and time period cover the region between Cabo de São Tomé (22°S) and Cananéia (25°S) at depths down to 200 m from 1991 to 2005. Of the 246 paralarvae quantified, ~50% were identified to the genus or species level, including Doryteuthis spp. (D. sanpaulensis and D. plei), Lolliguncula brevis and a single specimen of Pickfordiateuthis pulchella. Paralarval occurrence and abundance peaked in different areas and were associated with distinct oceanographic conditions: D. sanpaulensis occurred in the northern region associated with cold waters and upwelling events, D. plei occurred primarily in the southern region of the study area and in warmer waters, and L. brevis was found in shallow and low salinity waters in the estuarine region off the coast of Santos. Overall, the highest abundance of paralarvae occurred in the nearshore, northernmost areas during summer, and this can be associated with the observed retention mechanisms caused by local circulation, seasonal upwelling, the intrusion of nutrient‐rich waters, and spawning peaks. The present study provides new information and evidence for loliginid patterns in the area that may potentially be useful for better understanding the recruitment patterns and fishery assessments of squid populations.     

果树育种学实验课教学改革——以河北科技师范学院为例

为提升河北科技师范学院果树育种学实验课程的教学质量,从果树育种学实验教学内容、教学方法和考核方式方面探索进行教学改革。改革提高了学生的实践动手能力和创新能力,显著提高了果树育种学实验课的教学效果和教学质量。     

乙烯利催熟对谷林套播油菜成熟进程、产量和品质的影响

为使油菜角果成熟度达到一致,实现双季稻田套播油菜一次性机械化收获,以丰油730油菜为试材,选用40%乙烯利,采用4个药剂用量(0、3 000、4 500、6 000 m L·hm-2)和3个喷药时期(04-20、04-22、04-24)进行催熟试验,考察了油菜成熟进程、产量及品质。结果表明,药剂用量越大、喷药时期越早,油菜角果转色越快,脱水越明显,千粒重和产量下降也越明显;在籽粒品质方面,蛋白质、亚油酸和饱和脂肪酸含量随着药剂用量增加,喷药时期提前而增加,而含油量、油酸、亚麻酸、软脂酸、硬脂酸和花生四烯酸含量则表现出降低的趋势。在不明显减产的情况下,从催熟角果利于油菜机械收获角度考虑,生产上以油菜自然成熟前6~8 d喷施3 000 m L·hm-240%乙烯利,或油菜自然成熟前4~6 d喷施4500 m L·hm-240%乙烯利为宜。本研究结果为乙烯利催熟油菜的应用提供了参考。