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Kip E. Panter Bryan L. Stegelmeier Dale R. Gardner Clinton A. Stonecipher Stephen T. Lee Don Kitchen Adeline Brackett Charlie Davis 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2021,33(3):538
Salvia reflexa (lance-leaf sage)-contaminated alfalfa hay was fed to ~500 mixed-breed beef cattle. Within hours of exposure, nearly half of the cattle developed lethargy, anorexia, depression, and recumbency, followed by bellowing, colic, and death. Even though the uneaten contaminated hay was removed the first day, nearly 100 animals died within the first 48 h. Three of these cattle were examined postmortem, and tissues and hay samples were collected for microscopic and chemical analysis. Several days later, a smaller number of the clinically poisoned cattle developed neurologic disease with aberrant behavior, aggression, icterus, blindness, exhaustion, and death. A total of 165 cattle were fatally poisoned. Poisoned cattle had swollen, dark, mottled livers that had a prominent nutmeg-like lobular pattern on cut section. Histologically, there was severe centrilobular-to-panlobular hepatic necrosis with marked hepatocellular swelling, degeneration, and necrosis. The surviving cattle developed liver disease characterized by altered serum biochemical analyses and microscopic hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis. In subsequent biopsies and analysis, these lesions resolved within 6–7 mo. After confirming toxicity of the hay in cattle, goats, and mice, followed by a mouse bioassay–guided chemical fractionation process, Salvia reflexa was identified as the contaminant in the hay responsible for the hepatotoxicity. S. reflexa has not been reported previously to cause fatal hepatotoxicity in livestock in North America, to our knowledge. 相似文献
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旨在探究纳米硒对氟化钠诱导肝细胞凋亡的影响,40只28日龄昆明小鼠(25 g±2 g)适应性饲养7 d后,随机分为对照组(Control,生理盐水)、氟化钠组(NaF,24 mg·kg-1)、纳米硒组(Nano-Se,1 mg·kg-1)、纳米硒治疗组(NaF+Nano-Se,24 mg·kg-1 NaF+1 mg·kg-1Nano-Se),每组10只,灌胃给药,试验周期为28 d。通过HE染色评价小鼠肝细胞的病理损伤,Tunel染色评估肝细胞凋亡水平,免疫荧光,Western blot,RT-qPCR检测凋亡相关基因蛋白的表达水平。结果表明:1)纳米硒有效缓解了氟化钠处理引起的肝细胞肿胀、空泡变性以及核碎裂等现象,下调Bax、Caspase3/9及蛋白P53、Caspase3等凋亡发生相关基因的表达,提高了Bcl-2/Bax的表达水平(P<0.05);2)Tunel染色结果显示,氟化钠处理显著提高了细胞的凋亡率(P<0.01),纳米硒可有效减少细胞凋亡的发生(P<0.05);3)Cyt-C在氟化钠组表达水平较对照组显著升高(P<0.05),而在纳米硒治疗组的表达呈下降趋势。综上所述,纳米硒通过调控凋亡相关因子的表达能有效缓解氟化钠诱导的小鼠肝细胞凋亡。 相似文献
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紫菀化学成分及药理作用研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
中药紫菀为菊科多年生草本植物紫菀的干燥根茎,味辛、苦,性温,归肺经,具有润肺下气、止咳化痰平喘的作用,是临床常用的润肺祛痰止咳药。近代药理学研究表明,紫菀中化学成分含量丰富,主要有萜类、肽类、黄酮类、有机酸类等;其药理学作用也十分广泛,有抗菌、抗肿瘤、镇咳祛痰平喘、抗病毒、抗氧化活性等作用。近年来紫菀的研究主要集中在止咳化痰以及抗肿瘤等方面,其他方面的药理作用却有待于进一步研究。通过查阅国内外相关文献,综述了紫菀的化学成分和药理作用的研究进展,整理了紫菀研究的基本信息,以期为紫菀的进一步研究提供参考。 相似文献
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Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent widely used in treatment of several cancers. It is documented as a major cause of clinical nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced liver and kidney injury. Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 (control) was intraperitoneally (IP) injected with a single dose of 0.85% normal saline. Groups 2, 3 and 4 were IP injected with single doses of cisplatin at 10, 25 and 50 mg/kg body weight (BW), respectively. At 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h after injection, BW, levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, malondialdehyde (MDA), and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and histology of the liver and kidney were evaluated. Cisplatin caused a reduction in BW of rats in groups 2, 3 and 4 at all post injection intervals. The levels of serum ALT, AST, BUN and creatinine and MDA of the kidney and liver were markedly increased especially at 48 and 72 h, whereas the activity of SOD was decreased after cisplatin injection. Liver sections revealed moderate to severe congestion with dilation of the hepatic artery, portal vein and bile duct and disorganization of hepatic cords at 50 mg/kg of cisplatin. Kidney sections illustrated mild to moderate tubular necrosis at 25 and 50 mg/kg of cisplatin. Therefore, oxidative stress was implicated in the pathogenesis of liver and kidney injury causing biochemical and histological alterations. 相似文献
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Lim JH Kim TW Park SJ Song IB Kim MS Kwon HJ Cho ES Son HY Lee SW Suh JW Kim JW Yun HI 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2011,24(4):223-228
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective activity of aqueous extract
from Platycodon grandiflorum (BC703) on thioacetamide (TA)-induced
hepatotoxicity in mice. We found that BC703 significantly decreased mortality and the
change in serum transaminase following TA administration. The group treated with BC703 at
doses of 1, 5, and 10 mg/kg produced significant hepatoprotective effects against
TA-induced liver damage by decreasing the activities of serum enzymes, nitric oxide and
lipid peroxidation in dose-dependent manners. Histopathological studies further
substantiated the protective effect of BC703. These results show the hepatoprotective
activity of aqueous extract from Platycodon grandiflorum on
thioacetamide-induced fulminant hepatic failure. 相似文献
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Copper nanoparticle is a new material widely used in biological medicine, animal husbandry and industrial areas, but its potential toxicity to human health and environment remains unclear. In order to study the hepatotoxic mechanisms of nanoparticles copper, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI/TOF MS) of proteomics technology were used to isolate and identify the differentially expressed proteins from liver, which associated with hepatotoxicity induced by copper nanoparticle in rats. In this study, we have screened 15 kinds of proteins related with hepatotoxicity, of which spot8212 was identified as Malate dehydrogenase (Mdhl). The mRNA expression trend of Mdhl was consistent with the result of 2-DE by RT-PCR validation. Bioinformatics analysis showed that Mdhl was stable and no signal peptides, subcellular location was in endoplasmic reticulum; it contained many functional sites such as malate dehydrogenase activity signal sites 155LTRLDHNRAKSQI167; a helixes and random coils were the two main elements. Homologous analysis demonstrated high homologous of Mdhl in rats with mouse and human, and the phylogenetic tree of Mdhl was constructed. The result indicated that copper nanoparticle could regulate up the Mdhl protein expression so as to compensate the energy deficit. Energy metabolic disturbance may be a pathway for copper nanoparticle particles to exert the hepatotoxic effects in rats. 相似文献