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1.
随着除草剂使用量和使用频率的不断增加,杂草抗药性问题也逐渐成为杂草防除及治理的难点和热点。目前杂草对PS(Photosystem)Ⅱ抑制剂类除草剂产生抗药性主要分为靶标抗性和非靶标抗性。本研究综述了近年来杂草对PSⅡ抑制剂类除草剂抗药性的产生、发展现状及杂草抗PSⅡ抑制剂类除草剂的机理。针对这些问题,提出除草剂使用过程中需要注意的事项,为延缓杂草对该类除草剂产生抗药性提供一定参考。  相似文献   
2.
本研究根据BNoV和BKoV基因组的保守区域设计2对特异性引物,建立了能同时检测牛诺如病毒(Bovine norovirus,BNo V)和牛嵴病毒(Bovine kobuvirus,BKo V)的双重PCR检测方法。该方法能特异性扩增BNo V和BKo V的目的条带,且未扩增出其他犊牛腹泻病毒性病原;BNoV和BKoV的最低检测限分别为5.39×105 copies/μL和2.23×106 copies/μL;对临床采集的127份犊牛腹泻样品检测结果显示,BNoV的阳性率为6.30%(8/127),BKoV的阳性率为4.72%(6/127),两者与单一PCR检测结果相一致,符合率为100%。本研究建立的双重PCR方法具有良好的敏感性、特异性、重复性,可用于BNoV和BKoV的快速检测和流行病学调查。  相似文献   
3.
为探索甜菜(Beta vulgaris)叶丛期叶片光合机构和功能对干旱胁迫的响应机制,以抗旱性相对不同的品种“XJT9907”(旱敏感型)和“XJT9916”(耐旱型)为材料,在甜菜叶丛期控水为45%~50%田间持水量持续7 d时,利用植物效率分析仪(Handy-PEA)测定各处理叶片的叶绿素a荧光诱导动力学曲线(OJIP曲线),同时通过JIP-test数据分析方法,获得有关光系统Ⅱ (PSⅡ)标准化数据、比活性参数、性能指数、总性能指数和能量分配比率。结果表明:1)干旱胁迫增加了XJT9907和XJT9916叶片可变荧光强度,降低叶片电子传递效率(ΨEO, φEO, φRO);2)降低单位面积光能的吸收、捕获、耗散和传递(ABS/CSO, DIO/CSO, ETO/CSO, REO/CSO),其中对耐旱型品种XJT9916的影响较小;3)降低了PSⅡ单元之间的能量连通性和光系统之间的电子传递能力;4) PSⅡ放氧复合体(OEC)失活和PSⅡ受体侧与供体侧电子之间的不平衡;5) XJT9907和XJT9916叶片净光合速率分别降低32.2 %和10.3 %;6) 耐旱型品种XJT9916通过较强的能量耗散(DIO/CSO, DIO/RC)防止了能量被过度激发,致使叶片的净光合速率降低幅度低于旱敏感型XJT9907。XJT9907和XJT9916甜菜叶丛期土壤含水量为45%~50%田间持水量时,叶片光合系统光化学活性降低,电子传递反应和Calvin-Benson循环之间平衡失调,光合机构稳定性和光能利用效率降低,导致叶片光抑制,从而降低了叶片的光合能力。由此可知,干旱胁迫下甜菜光合能力的降低与PSⅡ功能下调有关,与Fv/Fm相比,性能指数PItotal可作为筛选抗旱基因型品种的敏感性指标。  相似文献   
4.
叶绿素荧光是研究光合作用的有效探针。为了探讨开花对麻竹光合作用的影响,应用PAM-100分别测定了开花与未开化麻竹的叶绿素荧光参数。结果表明,随着光强的升高[0~2 000μmol/(m^2·s)],在开始阶段[0~200μmol/(m^2·s)]麻竹叶片的NPQ、Y(NPQ)、Y(ND)、ETR(Ⅱ)和ETR(Ⅰ)均迅速升高,Y(Ⅱ)和Y(Ⅰ)却迅速下降,之后变化缓慢并趋于平稳,而Y(NA)和Y(NO)几乎一直维持平稳;其中未开花麻竹的NPQ、Y(Ⅰ)和ETR(Ⅰ)均高于开花麻竹,Y(Ⅱ)、Fv/Fm和ETR(Ⅱ)无明显差异。在本实验培养光照下[230μmol/(m2·s)],未开花麻竹的NPQ、Y(Ⅰ)和ETR(Ⅰ)也均高于开花麻竹。由此表明,开花引起麻竹PSⅠ的Y(Ⅰ)和ETR(Ⅰ)以及PSⅡ的NPQ降低,这意味着开花麻竹的光保护能力下降,使得PSⅠ受体侧电子积累,导致光合效率下降。  相似文献   
5.
张芬  黄文华  郭宝林 《安徽农业科学》2014,(35):12467-12468,12486
[目的]研究安徽产知母药材中知母皂苷BⅡ和芒果苷的含量.[方法]知母皂苷BⅡ采用Diamonsil C18柱(250 mm ×4.6 mm,5μm)、乙腈-水等度洗脱(25∶75),流速1.0 ml/min、ELSD检测器漂移管温度60℃、载气流速3.0 ml/min、柱温为室温(25℃);芒果苷采用Diamonsil C18柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)、乙腈-0.2%冰醋酸水溶液(15∶85)等度洗脱,流速1.0 ml/min.[结果]知母皂苷BⅡ在1.036~10.360 μg范围内(r=0.999 6)进样量的对数值与峰面积的对数值呈良好的线性关系,芒果苷在0.05 ~1.00 μg范围内(r=0.9994)进样量与峰面积呈良好的线性;知母皂苷BⅡ平均回收率为99.7%,RSD=1.19%;芒果苷平均回收率为100.3%,RSD=1.42%.[结论]安徽省知母药材中知母皂苷BⅡ与芒果苷含量均符合2010版药典含量标准.  相似文献   
6.
AIM To observe the effect of tanshinone ⅡA on liver lipid deposition and ferroptosis-related protein expression in ApoE-/- mice. METHODS Thirty-two ApoE-/- mice were randomly divided into model group, high-dose (60 mg/kg) tanshinone ⅡA group, low-dose (30 mg/kg) tanshinone ⅡA group and simvastatin group, and C57BL/6J mice (n=8) were used as normal control group. The mice in normal control group were given the basic feeding, while the others were given high-fat diet. The mice in tanshinone ⅡA groups and simvastatin group were given corresponding drugs. The mice in normal control group and model group were intraperitoneally injected with equal volume of saline. Eight weeks later, the serum levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were tested by automatic biochemistry analyzer. The liver tissues were stained with HE and oil red O. The contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) in liver tissues of the mice were measured by commercially available kits. The liver glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and p53 were detected by immunohistochemical method. The protein and mRNA expression levels of ferroptosis-related factors GPX4, xCT/SLC7A11, p53 and ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) were determined by Wes automatic Western blot quantitative analysis system and RT-qPCR. RESULTS Compared with normal control group, the serum levels of TC, TG and LDL-C in model group were increased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and HDL-C did not change significantly. The fat vacuoles were clearly visible in liver tissue. The content of ROS in liver tissue was increased significantly,and GSH was decreased significantly (P<0.01). The mRNA and protein expression levels of p53 were increased significantly, and GPX4, xCT/SLC7A11 and FTH1 were decreased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with model group, tanshinone ⅡA significantly decreased the serum levels of TC, TG and LDL-C (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and HDL-C did not change significantly. High-dose and low-dose tanshinoneⅡA also significantly decreased the degree of steatosis, and the size of lipid droplets. The content of ROS in liver tissues was decreased significantly, and GSH was increased significantly (P<0.01). The mRNA and protein expression levels of GPX4, xCT/SLC7A11 and FTH1 were increased significantly, and p53 were decreased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION Tanshinone ⅡA reduces liver lipid deposition and lipid peroxidation damage in ApoE-/- mice, which may be related to the intervention of ferroptosis-related proteins in the liver cells.  相似文献   
7.
文章针对Buck型DC-DC变换器中DPWM(数字脉冲宽度调制)技术进行研究,指出传统DPWM技术不足,提出MDPWM(改进的脉冲宽度调制)技术。采用FPGA的QuartusⅡ软件进行仿真,仿真结果表明,MDPWM技术能够减少开关管的开通和关断延迟时间、减小器件的功率损耗,当负载波动时,输出电压瞬态响应快,使输出电压稳定性好。  相似文献   
8.
Piscirickettsia salmonisis the causative bacterial pathogen of piscirickettsiosis, a salmonid disease that causes notable mortalities in the worldwide aquaculture industry. Published research describes the phenotypic traits, virulence factors, pathogenicity and antibiotic‐resistance potential for various P. salmonisstrains. However, evolutionary and genetic information is scarce for P. salmonis. The present study used multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to gain insight into the population structure and evolution of P. salmonis. Forty‐two Chilean P. salmonisisolates, as well as the type strain LF‐89T, were recovered from diseased Salmo salar, Oncorhynchus kisutchand Oncorhynchus mykissfrom two Chilean Regions. MLST assessed the loci sequences of dnaK, efp, fumC, glyA, murG, rpoD and trpB. Bioinformatics analyses established the genetic diversity among P. salmonis isolates (H = 0.5810). A total of 23 sequence types (ST) were identified, 53.48% of which were represented by ST1, ST5 and ST2. Population structure analysis through polymorphism patterns showed few polymorphic sites (218 nucleotides from 4,010 bp), while dN/dS ratio analysis indicated purifying selection for dnaK, epf, fumC, murG, and rpoD but neutral selection for the trpB loci. The standardized index of association indicated strong linkage disequilibrium, suggesting clonal population structure. However, recombination events were detected in a group of seven isolates. Findings included genogroups homologous to the LF‐89T and EM‐90 strains, as well as a seven‐isolate hybrid genogroup recovered from both assessed regions (three O. mykiss and four S. salar isolates). The presented MLST scheme has comparative potential, with promising applications in studying distinct P. salmonis isolates (e.g., from different hosts, farms, geographical areas) and in understanding the epidemiology of this pathogen.  相似文献   
9.
依据EDA自顶向下的设计流程进行交通灯控制系统设计,采用VHDL语言编写各功能模块,生成各模块符号图,把各模块符号图以原理图的形式连在一起得到系统顶层设计。并在Quartus II9.0集成开发环境里进行编译、仿真和综合,最后下载到实验箱进行调试,调试结果表明:交通灯的状态切换,倒计时时间显示均可实现。  相似文献   
10.
采用基因测序方法,对3种东北梅花鹿的COⅡ基因片段进行了PCR扩增和测序。结果表明,3种东北梅花鹿COⅡ基因片段长度均为740bp,A+T含量都大于G+C含量。3个品种单倍型多样性较高(0.673~0.717),就单个品种而言,敖东梅花鹿的遗传多样性最高。  相似文献   
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