首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   2366篇
  免费   382篇
  国内免费   171篇
林业   176篇
农学   192篇
基础科学   37篇
  335篇
综合类   809篇
农作物   182篇
水产渔业   157篇
畜牧兽医   729篇
园艺   68篇
植物保护   234篇
  2024年   6篇
  2023年   100篇
  2022年   142篇
  2021年   194篇
  2020年   176篇
  2019年   147篇
  2018年   113篇
  2017年   148篇
  2016年   145篇
  2015年   118篇
  2014年   163篇
  2013年   186篇
  2012年   183篇
  2011年   171篇
  2010年   138篇
  2009年   119篇
  2008年   115篇
  2007年   108篇
  2006年   82篇
  2005年   60篇
  2004年   36篇
  2003年   37篇
  2002年   35篇
  2001年   26篇
  2000年   21篇
  1999年   21篇
  1998年   12篇
  1997年   9篇
  1996年   14篇
  1995年   9篇
  1994年   10篇
  1993年   13篇
  1992年   10篇
  1991年   5篇
  1990年   10篇
  1989年   11篇
  1988年   6篇
  1987年   4篇
  1986年   2篇
  1985年   2篇
  1984年   1篇
  1983年   1篇
  1981年   4篇
  1979年   4篇
  1978年   1篇
  1955年   1篇
排序方式: 共有2919条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
油菜多室角果是一种高产相关性状,本研究对桑日白油菜(srb)多室性状的遗传调控机制进行研究。性状分析表明,该突变体具有稳定的多室角果表型,单株多室角果比例为94.7%~100.0%,每角果平均3.5个心皮。遗传上srb突变体中的多室性状受1对隐性核基因控制。比较测序分析发现,srb中BrCLV3基因的CLE motif中存在一种新的单核苷酸突变(C/G),可导致其保守结构域的第12位组氨酸突变为天冬氨酸,将该位点命名为Brclv3Asp12。利用SNP标记进行分离群体的鉴定,证实Brclv3Asp12中的C/G单核苷酸变异与多室表型共分离。转基因互补测验和体外多肽的处理试验进一步证实,该材料中控制多室性状位点Brclv3Asp12突变导致了CLV3多肽活性的减弱,是形成多室角果性状的原因。本研究初步阐明了白菜型油菜srb多室性状形成的机制。  相似文献   
2.
3.
Bacillus coagulans GBI-30, 6086 is a commercially available spore-forming non-toxigenic microorganism approved for use in dog foods with high resiliency to stresses associated with commercial manufacturing. The objectives of this research were to examine the effect of B. coagulans on stool quality, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal health markers in healthy adult dogs. Extruded diets containing graded levels of B. coagulans applied either to the base ration before extrusion or to the exterior of the kibble as a topical coating after extrusion were randomly assigned to 10 individually housed adult beagle dogs (7 castrated males and 3 spayed females) of similar age (5.75 ± 0.23 yr) and body weight (12.3 ± 1.5 kg). The study was designed as a 5 × 5 replicated Latin square with 16-d adaptation followed by 5-d total fecal collection for each period. Five dietary treatments were formulated to deliver a dose of 0-, 6-, 7-, 8-, and 9-log10 colony-forming units (CFU) per dog per day for the control (CON), extruded B. coagulans (PEX), and low, moderate, and high B. coagulans coating levels (PCL, PCM, and PCH), respectively. Food-grade TiO2 was added to all diets at a level of 0.4% to serve as an indigestible dietary marker for digestibility calculations. Data were analyzed using a mixed model through SAS (version 9.4, SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC) with treatment as a fixed effect and room (i.e., replicate), period, and dog(room) as random effects. Apparent total tract digestibility of organic matter, crude protein, crude fat, and gross energy calculated by the marker method were numerically greatest for dogs fed the 9-log10 dose treatment with increases (P < 0.05) observed in gross energy and organic matter digestibility compared with the negative control. No significant differences were observed in food intake, stool quality, fecal pH, fecal ammonia, fecal short-chain fatty acids, or branched-chain fatty acids for the extruded B. coagulans treatment (PEX) or the coated B. coagulans treatments (PCL, PCM, and PCH) compared with CON. These results suggest that B. coagulans has a favorable impact on nutrient digestibility and no apparent adverse effects when added to extruded diets at a daily intake level of up to 9-log10 CFU in healthy adult dogs.  相似文献   
4.
为有效促进豆渣中不溶性膳食纤维的可溶化、提高其功能特性,利用空化微射流技术处理生物酶法制油豆渣膳食纤维,采用X-射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜方法分析不同空化微射流处理时间(0、6、12、18 min)下豆渣膳食纤维的晶体结构及表观形态变化,并通过粒度、持水性、膨胀性、表观粘度、葡萄糖和胆固醇吸附能力对其理化、功能性质进行表征,明确空化射流对其结构、功能及吸附特性的影响。结果显示:经空化射流处理18 min后,样品结构产生粒径减小、结晶度下降、粘度降低等变化;处理12 min时膨胀力、持水力分别达到最大值(13.92±0.78) m L/g、(2.83±0.13) g/g,此时对葡萄糖和胆固醇的吸附能力最佳。研究表明,空化射流可有效促进生物酶法制油豆渣不溶性膳食纤维的可溶化,并显著改善其结构及理化性质。  相似文献   
5.
为明确南方小花蝽和黄蓟马在冬季蚕豆植株上的发生情况及南方小花蝽对黄蓟马的室内捕食控害能力,本试验采用五点取样盘拍法调查了蚕豆植株上黄蓟马及其天敌南方小花蝽的种群密度;在实验室内用捕食功能反应法研究了南方小花蝽雌成虫对黄蓟马成虫和2龄若虫的捕食功能、寻找效应及其自身密度对捕食黄蓟马的干扰反应。结果表明:黄蓟马在3月初达种群密度最大值18.2头/株,南方小花蝽种群高峰晚于黄蓟马19 d出现,在3月中旬达到最高峰3.4头/株;南方小花蝽对黄蓟马的捕食效应受自身密度和猎物密度影响,捕食效应符合HollingⅡ型圆盘方程功能反应模型,南方小花蝽对黄蓟马成虫和2龄若虫的捕食功能反应方程分别为Na=0.5655N/(1+0.0193N)和Na=1.1864N/(1+0.0346N);日最大捕食量分别为29.3头/d和34.3头/d;当猎物密度不变时,南方小花蝽成虫对黄蓟马的捕食作用受到自身密度的干扰,平均捕食量随南方小花蝽密度升高而下降,其干扰反应方程为E=0.3009P-0.4290。南方小花蝽种群在野外蚕豆上种群对黄蓟马种群有跟随现象,其种群随着黄蓟马的增加而增长,在2―3月,蚕豆进入花期时黄蓟马种群数量达到最大值;南方小花蝽对黄蓟马有较强的捕食能力,可作为黄蓟马生物防治实践中重要的天敌资源加以研究和利用。  相似文献   
6.
核桃全斑蚜是近年来新发现的一种核桃树上的新害虫,为明确异色瓢虫对核桃全斑蚜的控害潜能,室内研究了不同龄期异色瓢虫对不同密度核桃全斑蚜的捕食能力。结果表明:不同龄期异色瓢虫对核桃全斑蚜的捕食功能反应均符合Holling-Ⅱ型圆盘方程。异色瓢虫各龄幼虫及成虫对核桃全斑蚜的日最大理论捕食量由大到小依次为4龄幼虫、雌成虫、雄成虫、3龄幼虫、2龄幼虫和1龄幼虫; 4龄幼虫对核桃全斑蚜的瞬间攻击率最强,处理时间最短。异色瓢虫的寻找效应随着猎物密度的增加而降低,4龄幼虫寻找效应最强。即异色瓢虫对核桃全斑蚜具有较强的捕食能力。  相似文献   
7.
为揭示绿肥对咖啡园杂草多样性及功能群的影响,调查了云南省保山市常规种植咖啡园(CK)、种植绿肥田菁咖啡园(SC)、种植绿肥硬皮豆咖啡园(MU)的杂草群落,探讨种植绿肥对咖啡园杂草群落的生态位、多样性、群落结构相似性及功能群的影响。结果表明:CK有杂草12科21种,SC有杂草10科16种,MU有杂草7科10种。3种类型咖啡园杂草生态位宽度大于0.600的杂草有10种,其中,CK有6种,SC有2种,MU有3种。种植绿肥的咖啡园杂草的物种丰富度、个体数、ACE估计值、Fisher α指数、Shannon-Wiene指数及生物量均低于常规种植咖啡园(CK),其中,杂草物种丰富度、ACE估计值和鲜重具有显著性差异。常规种植咖啡园与种植绿肥咖啡园杂草群落结构不相似。3种类型咖啡园杂草单子叶一年生或越年生植物功能群占据最大优势,但种植绿肥咖啡园的占比更高。种植绿肥改变了咖啡园杂草群落的生态位、群落结构及功能群,降低了咖啡园杂草群落多样性,对咖啡园杂草群落产生了影响。  相似文献   
8.
胃肠仿生消化是研究食品营养学及药物代谢动力的重要方法。为实现胃肠仿生连续消化,对胃肠仿生消化装置进行了设计,本胃肠仿生模拟消化装置包括胃肠仿生消化桶及仿生模拟消化控制系统,设置了结构相同的中间腔体的胃仿生消化桶和肠仿生消化桶,外围设置有加热仓,消化桶上均设置有搅拌机构、玻璃观察窗、取样装置、酸液存储槽及碱液存储槽、pH传感器、加热管及温度传感器,二号消化桶右侧固定有控制系统单元的配电箱。装置便于实现胃肠仿生模拟消化过程pH值、温度和搅拌速度的控制与调整,以及消化液的取样分析及消化过程的观察监测,可用于食品营养基质或生物活性物质的仿生消化情况的监测。  相似文献   
9.
Alpine wetlands are hotspots of carbon (C) storage and methane emission, and they could be key contributors to global warming. In recent years, rapid warming has lowered the water table in alpine wetlands on the Tibetan Plateau, concurrent with intensified nitrogen (N) deposition via anthropogenic activities. We carried out a field experiment to investigate the ecological impacts of these two factors on soil bacterial and functional communities, which are essential drivers of greenhouse gas emissions. Nitrogen amendment alone decreased the phylogenetic alpha-diversity of bacterial communities which could be offset by lowered water table. In contrast, microbial functional alpha-diversity, revealed by a high-throughput microarray, remained unchanged. Both bacterial and functional beta-diversity responded to lowered water table, but only bacterial community responded to N amendment. The alpha-Proteobacteria, beta-Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were the major responsive bacterial lineages, and C degradation, methanogenesis, alkaline shock, and phosphorus oxidation were the major responsive functional processes. Partitioning analysis revealed that N amendment changed bacterial community structure mainly via species loss processes but did not affect bacterial functional communities, with soil pH and ammonium as the key factors influencing changes in bacterial community structure. Conversely, lowered water table altered bacterial and functional communities through species substitution processes linked to soil pH and soil moisture. According to our results, the response mechanisms of microbial communities to lowered water table and N amendment are fundamentally different in alpine wetlands.  相似文献   
10.
  1. Global environmental change is threatening freshwater biodiversity with ecological impacts predicted to be particularly severe in high-altitude regions. Despite this, an ecological understanding of high-altitude pond networks remains patchy, with only limited knowledge of the environmental and spatial predictors of taxonomic and functional diversity. Moreover, previous studies of pond ecosystems have focused primarily on taxonomic richness and largely overlooked functional diversity.
  2. This study examined the influence of local environmental and spatial factors on taxonomic and functional α and β diversity (including the turnover and nestedness-resultant components) of 17 high-altitude (~2,500 m above sea level) pond macroinvertebrate communities, in the Macun Cirque, Switzerland.
  3. Spatial processes (pond connectivity) were important drivers for taxonomic α diversity, while local environmental variables (pond permanence and surface area) were important determinants of functional α diversity. Species turnover was the most important component of β diversity for taxonomic composition, and functional composition demonstrated a nested spatial pattern.
  4. Variation in taxonomic and functional composition (and the turnover and nestedness components of β diversity) were determined by local environmental variables despite the limited environmental gradients within the pond network. No significant effects of spatial variables on community composition were recorded for either facet of diversity, indicating that compositional variation was determined at a local scale. Water temperature, depth and pond permanence were consistently the most important measured drivers of diversity.
  5. Given the importance of both spatial and environmental variables in structuring taxonomic and functional diversity, landscape-scale conservation and management activities that aim to improve or protect high-altitude freshwater biodiversity should focus on maintaining connectivity among ponds and environmental heterogeneity, particularly pond surface area, water depth, and hydroperiod. Understanding the mechanisms driving taxonomic and functional diversity will be critically important for the management and conservation of macroinvertebrate communities in high-altitude pond networks in the face of climatic warming.
  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号