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利用犬温热,细小病毒性肠炎,犬传染性肝炎,狂犬病等弱毒株,以香菇多糖和动物的核糖,多肽做为免疫增强剂,对异源动物羊,猪,犊牛,家兔进行了免疫应答,筛选出了猪做为异源免疫动物。在免疫增强剂的参与下,完成了多次免疫应答,达到了理想的免疫球蛋白(IgG),通过试验摸清了该制剂的免疫程序,确定了生产工艺,经重复性试验,稳定性试验及含量测定,以及临床应用试验和现志应用试验均达以了预期效果,该制剂经冷冻干燥后 相似文献
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流浪犬猫是生存于人类社会、介于宠物犬猫和野生动物之间的一类特殊动物,其生存、活动、繁衍与社区人群的利益有时会产生直接冲突.本文介绍了流浪犬猫福利的特征和内涵,指出了其存在传播狂犬病、易攻击人类、粪便污染、噪声污染等与人群利益的有关冲突,由此提出减少遗弃宠物遗弃,减少食物浪费,加强社区公共管理等人为因素控制措施,以及对流... 相似文献
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北京地区犬猫弓形虫病流行病学调查 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为初步调查北京地区犬猫弓形虫感染的流病学特征,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法检测2010年5月至2011年4月采集的家养犬猫、流浪猫血清样本.其中,家养犬血清样本1876份,家养猫血清样本561份,检测发现,家养犬动物弓形虫IgG抗体阳性率24.9%;家养猫弓形虫IgG阳性率21.2%;同时检测流浪猫样本201份,阳性率30.3%.家养犬弓形虫血清抗体阳性率不同季节间差异显著(P<0.05),夏季最高,为30.0%,家养猫弓形虫血清抗体阳性率不同季节间无显著差异(P>0.05).不同性别犬猫弓形虫血清抗体阳性率无显著差异(P>0.05).随着年龄增长,犬猫弓形虫抗体阳性率均有明显增长.对25例弓形虫抗体阳性家养犬病例和37例弓形虫抗体阳性家养猫病例进行了回访调查,结果发现,该62例动物主人的弓形虫检测结果均为阴性. 相似文献
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Animal-assisted interventions (AAIs) have been associated with positive effects on human psychological and physiological health. Although the perception of quality standards in AAIs is high, only few investigations have focused on potential welfare implications for therapy dogs linked to their performance in AAIs. The standardized program “multiprofessional animal-assisted intervention (MTI)” has been carried out in adult mental health care, significantly improving patients' prosocial behaviors. In the present study, we monitored salivary cortisol and behavioral measures in therapy dogs that participated in MTI group therapy sessions in an in-patient substance abuse treatment facility. Work-related activity (lay, sit, stand, walk, and run), behavior (lip licking, yawning, paw lifting, body shake, tail wagging, and panting), response to human action (taking food treats and obeying commands), and salivary cortisol levels were analyzed over the course of 5 subsequent MTI working sessions in experienced therapy dogs (N = 5), aged 5.4 ± 2.8 years (mean ± standard deviation). Salivary cortisol levels decreased from presession to postsession in sessions 1, 2, and 3. However, only in session 4 and 5, postsession cortisol levels were significantly lower than presession levels (P = 0.043). There was no difference between salivary cortisol levels sampled on a nonworking day at home and work-related levels sampled at the therapy site. None of the behavioral parameters varied significantly over the course of the 5 MTI sessions. Both lip licking (P = 0.038) and body shake (P = 0.021) were positively correlated with the decline in cortisol during session 5. The study results suggest that trained dogs are not being stressed by repeated participation in in-patient substance abuse therapy sessions. Further investigation into the effects of animal-assisted therapy on dogs' physiological markers and behavior is warranted. 相似文献
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Hair follicle neoplasms occur in many different species, including humans. In domestic animals, they are most common in dogs. Most hair follicle tumors are benign, but malignant neoplasms can also occur. To diagnose hair follicle neoplasms, a thorough knowledge of follicular anatomy is important, given that follicular tumors are classified according to the differentiation pattern seen in the corresponding part of the normal hair follicle. This review focuses on the key diagnostic features of hair follicle tumors and follicular cysts in dogs and cats. 相似文献
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Joaquin Araos Luca Lacitignola Claudia Acquafredda Caterina DiBella Marzia Stabile Erica Guacci Robin Gleed Salvatore Grasso Antonio Crovace Francesco Staffieri 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2021,48(4):484-492
ObjectiveTo determine the specific lung elastance (SEL) in anesthetized dogs and to evaluate the efficacy of a SEL-based recruiting airway pressure (RPaw) at improving global and regional lung aeration.Study designRetrospective and prospective clinical study.AnimalsA total of 28 adult dogs were included in the retrospective study and six adult dogs in the prospective study.MethodsRetrospective study: SEL and SEL-based RPaw were determined using previously published data. In mechanically ventilated dogs undergoing thoracic computed tomography (CT), SEL was calculated as ΔPL/(VT/EELV), where ΔPL is the driving transpulmonary pressure, VT is the tidal volume and EELV is the end-expiratory lung volume. The ratio of lung to respiratory system elastance (EL/Ers) was determined. SEL and EL/Ers were used to calculate the SEL-based RPaw. Prospective study: dogs underwent thoracic CT at end-expiration and at end-inspiration using the SEL-based RPaw, and global and regional aeration was determined. For analysis of regional aeration, lungs were divided into cranial, intermediate and caudal regions. Regional compliance was also calculated. A p value <0.05 was considered significant.ResultsThe SEL and EL/Ers were 12.7 ± 3.1 cmH2O and 0.54 ± 0.07, respectively. The SEL-based RPaw was 29.1 ± 7.6 cmH2O. In the prospective study, the RPaw was 28.2 ± 1.3 cmH2O. During RPaw, hyperinflation increased (p = 0.0003) whereas poorly aerated (p < 0.0001) and nonaerated (p = 0.01) tissue decreased. Normally aerated tissue did not change (p = 0.265). Regional compliance was higher in the intermediate (p = 0.0003) and caudal (p = 0.034) regions compared with the cranial region. Aeration did not differ between regions (p > 0.05).Conclusions and clinical relevanceAn SEL-based RPaw reduces poorly and nonaerated lung tissue in anesthetized dogs. In nonsurgical anesthetized dogs, an RPaw near 30 cmH2O is effective at improving lung aeration. 相似文献
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Plague, caused by Yersinia pestis, is a flea-borne disease that is endemic in areas throughout the world due to its successful maintenance in a sylvatic cycle, mainly in areas with temperate climates. Burrowing rodents are thought to play a key role in the enzootic maintenance as well as epizootic outbreaks of plague. In the United States, prairie dogs (Cynomys), rodents (Muridae), and ground squirrels (Spermophilus) are susceptible to infection and are parasitized by fleas that transmit plague. In particular, prairie dogs can experience outbreaks that rapidly spread, which can lead to extirpation of colonies. A number of ecological parameters, including climate, are associated with these epizootics. In this study, we asked whether soil parameters, primarily moisture and temperature, are associated with outbreaks of plague in black-tailed prairie dogs and Gunnison's prairie dogs in the Western United States, and at what depth these associations were apparent. We collected publicly available county-level information on the occurrence of population declines or colony extirpation, while historical soil data was collected from SCAN and USCRN stations in counties and states where prairie dogs have been located. The analysis suggests that soil moisture at lower depths correlates with colony die-offs, in addition to temperature near the surface, with key differences within the landscape ecology that impact the occurrence of plague. Overall, the model suggests that the burrow environment may play a significant role in the epizootic spread of disease amongst black-tailed and Gunnison's prairie dogs. 相似文献