A data transfer method for improving seed identification of maize (Zea mays) haploid breeding based on genetic similarity

Maize haploid breeding technology is able to identify haploid seeds non‐destructively, rapidly and at low cost with the help of Near‐infrared (NIR) spectral analysis. However, due to the hybridization of numerous parents and the low production rate of haploid, the haploid data collection becomes a burden for engineering this technology. Biologically, there are considerable similarities between the progeny of the same female parent and different male parents. Based on this advantage, similar spectral data can be transferred when the NIR technology is employed. A revised method of Transfer adaptive boost (TrAdaBoost) is proposed to improve identifying for the backpropagation neural network (BPNN) classifier. To avoid the negative transfer, a screening thresh is used to select out similar data, and the amount of these data are limited to join current training. The results show that the identification performances are improved significantly when the data amount is small. This method shows a high ability to make the seed identification more convenient for engineering maize haploid breeding.     

植株叶绿素无损诊断技术研究进展

氮素是作物生长发育必不可少的营养元素之一，植物叶片中70%~80%的氮素存在于叶绿体内，所以叶绿素含量可以反映植物的氮素营养状况。本研究介绍了植株叶绿素的传统检测技术，指出其在推广应用中存在的问题；归纳总结了国内外植株叶绿素无损诊断技术方面的研究应用进展；分析了植株叶绿素无损诊断技术在作物氮素营养诊断及推荐施肥中的意义。最后得出叶绿素仪分析技术更适于推广应用，并指出基于光学漫反射理论的植株叶片叶绿素无损诊断技术极有发展前途。     

一起母牛采食马铃薯皮引起亚硝酸盐中毒误诊案的思考

为切实加强动物中毒性疾病的诊断处置能力,防止因诊断失误、处置不当导致动物死亡现象的发生。本文就一起母牛采食马铃薯皮引起亚硝酸盐中毒误诊案的诊断处置过程进行讨论分析,提出了相应的诊断处置意见,供广大兽医同仁在实际诊断过程中借鉴应用。     

大麦籽粒抗性淀粉含量快速测定方法研究

为探索快速高效测定大麦籽粒中抗性淀粉含量的方法，利用衰减全反射中红外（attenuated total reflection mid-infrared spectroscopy,ATR-MIR）和近红外（near-infrared spectroscopy,NIR）光谱技术，分别用3种不同方法进行预处理，建立大麦样品的抗性淀粉含量快速测定红外模型，通过不同预处理预测模型的校正和内部交叉验证结果的比较，依据决定系数（r）和均方根误差（RMSE）筛选出基于ATR-MIR和NIR光谱的最佳预测模型，再对最佳预测模型进行外部验证。结果表明，经基线位移校正+范围归一化（BOC+RN）预处理后的PLS模型为最佳ATR-MIR预测模型；经标准正态变换+Savitzky-Golay法一阶求导（SNV+1thD）的预处理模型为最佳NIR预测模型。用验证集材料对BOC+RN和SNV+1thD最佳预测模型的预测效果进行外部验证，光谱预测值与化学测定值之间没有显著差异，说明两种方法均可以用于大麦籽粒抗性淀粉含量测定；ATR-MIR光谱比NIR光谱具有更好的预测能力。     

红树植物地面反射光谱特征研究

结合使用野外便携式光谱仪对九龙江口红树林保护区白骨壤、秋茄、桐花树3种红树植物的叶冠表观光谱的测量结果,系统分析比较了红树植物叶冠反射光谱特征及其差异;并在一个潮间带底质遥感信息处理平台上对研究地点进行基于表观光谱特征的白骨壤和秋茄的SPOT卫星遥感图像分类;最后讨论了红树光谱研究中存在的问题。     

自然保护区总体规划中几个问题的思考

在编制自然保护区总体规划时，对自然保护区性质的认识、类型的确定、功能区划分、野生动植物重点保护物种名录的选用、生物走廊带的法律地位以及自然生物地理分区等经常遇到的一些问题，在认识和方法上阐述了一些看法，并提出了解决的基本思路。     

四川盆地浅丘陵区农林复合系统内部天空散射辐射分布特性理论分析

根据四川盆地浅丘区农林复合系统特点,从理论上分析了该系统内天空散射辐射令布特征。提出了在林带和地形(坡度变化)的双重影响下的林带间平均相对辐照成分布特征,为农林复合系统的设计提供了依据;除林带本身产生“光胁地”外,地形变化即坡度的增加,叶“光胁地”效应有增强作用,对其范围有扩大作用。     

电力远程自动集中抄表系统

本文主要论述电力远程自动集中抄表系统的构成、特点以及系统的发展前景。     

采用铺路毡料防止沥青路面反射裂缝的试验研究

采用土工合成材料防止反射裂缝的试验结果表明:使用铺路毡效果最好,而铺设玻璃纤维格栅由于出现粘结问题,将导致龟裂和孔洞的形成。按照法国L.R.P.C.Autun的评价体系,使用铺路毡的性价比比不用加筋材料的路面高3倍,比使用玻璃纤维格栅的高2倍,铺路毡性价比最高。     

Models to Separate Daily Diffuse Radiation from Daily Total Radiation for Energy Consumption Analysis of Air-Conditioning System

Both total irradiation and diffuse irradiation are necessary to building energy consumption analysis. At the most cases in China,only total irradiation is available. So some method is needed to estimate diffuse irradiation. Relationship between daily diffuse irradiation and daily total irradiation is analyzed, based on data form Beijing and Chengdu.Polynomial models for Beijing and Chengdu are established to estimate K d form K t . Validation tests show good performance of the models. Monthly means of predicted daily diffuse irradiation is not significantly different from that of the original daily diffuse irradiation. Also,the auto_correlation function of the predicted diffuse fraction, K d is coincident with that of the original K d . Beijing model can accurately predict the data of Chengdu,which is significantly different from Beijing as to the climate,so it is recommended as the general model.