An improved method for extraction of sorghum polymeric protein complexes

A method for fractionating sorghum proteins using extraction solvents and techniques designed to obtain polymeric protein structures (especially disulfide linked) was developed. Extraction and separation conditions were optimized in terms of completeness of protein extraction, sample stability, and analytical resolution. After pre-extraction of albumins and globulins, a 3-step sequential procedure involving no reducing agents was applied to ground whole sorghum flour. The three fractions obtained represented proportionally different protein polymer contents and molecular weight distribution as evidenced by comparative size exclusion chromatography. Protein composition also varied among the extracts with differences in kafirin composition and non-kafirin proteins detected in the fractions by RP-HPLC and SDS-PAGE analysis. The ability to quantify and further characterize sorghum polymeric protein complexes will be useful for additional studies linking protein structures with functionality and digestibility and variations for these properties within diverse sorghum germplasm.     

Regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase 3/1 activity during meiosis resumption in mammals

In vivo, resumption of oocyte meiosis occurs in large ovarian follicles after the preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone (LH). The LH surge leads to the activation of a broad signaling network in mural granulosa cells equipped with LH receptors. The signals generated in the mural granulosa cells are further augmented by locally produced peptides or steroids and transferred to the cumulus cell compartment and the oocyte itself. Over the last decade, essential progress has been made in the identification of molecular events associated with the final maturation and ovulation of mammalian oocytes. All new evidence argues for a multiple roles of mitogen-activated protein kinase 3/1 (MAPK3/1) in the gonadotropin-induced ovulation processes. However, the knowledge of gonadotropin-induced signaling pathways leading to MAPK3/1 activation in follicular cells seems limited. To date, only the LH-induced transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor/MAPK3/1 pathway has been described in granulosa/cumulus cells even though other mechanisms of MAPK3/1 activation have been detected in other types of cells. In this review, we aimed to summarize recent advances in the elucidation of gonadotropin-induced mechanisms leading to the activation of MAPK3/1 in preovulatory follicles and cultured cumulus-oocyte complexes and to point out a specific role of this kinase in the processes accompanying final maturation of the mammalian oocyte.     

钌配合物[Ru(MeIm)4(4mopip]2+急定G-四链体对抑制肺癌细胞生长机制的研究

制备一种新型钌配合物[Ru(MeI m)_4(4mopip)]~(2+)(RuM e Mo),运用元素分析(C、H、N)、电喷雾电离质谱(ESI-MS)、核磁共振谱(~1H NMR)对Ru Me Mo进行了结构表征。紫外光谱、热变性试验和圆二色光谱研究RuM e Mo与F21T的分子作用机制,发现其能诱导线性G-四链体DNA形成混合型结构并能有效稳定G-四链体。MTT法评估RuM e Mo对癌细胞的抑制作用及其对正常细胞的毒性,发现其对肺癌细胞(A549)表现出高选择的抑制作用,而对正常人类肺原胚细胞(CDDP)则表现出较低的细胞毒性。本研究结果表明,RuM e Mo因其稳定G-四链体DNA的能力,从而有被运用于肺癌治疗的潜质。     

7种稀土小檗碱配合物对4种农作物病菌的抑菌性及急性毒理性的研究

研究开发了7种新型稀土配合物。使用差热热重和红外表征了配合物，采用最低抑菌浓度实验，研究了配合物对4种（番茄溃疡病菌、向日葵菌核病菌、尖孢镰刀菌和胡萝卜黑斑病菌）农作物病原菌的敏感性；采用急性经口毒性和急性经皮毒性试验，考察其急性毒性。7种配合物均为低毒性药物，并且抑菌效果好。对向日葵菌核病菌最低抑菌浓度均为0.125 mg/mL。对番茄溃疡病菌抑菌效果最好的是Ce(NO3)3(B)3、Gd(NO3)3(B)3，最低抑菌浓度是0.125 mg/mL。对尖孢镰刀菌抑菌性最好的是La(NO3)3(B)3、Gd(NO3)3(B)3和Y(NO3)3(B)3，最低抑菌浓度是0.5 mg/mL。对胡萝卜黑斑病菌抑菌性最好的是Gd(NO3)3(B)3，最低抑菌浓度是0.5 mg/mL。结果表明7种新型稀土小檗碱配合物是一类广谱、高效、低毒的杀菌剂。     

补铁剂及多肽铁复合物的研究进展

缺铁性贫血作为贫血中最常见的一种,越来越受到人们的关注。随着营养与健康需求的变化和安全意识的 增强,人们致力于补铁效果好、吸收好、副作用小、安全性更高的口服补铁剂的研发。本文对补铁剂的发展和相关 研究进行综述,概述新型补铁剂的研究进展,全面阐述多肽铁复合物蛋白琥珀酸铁的原料来源、结构、机理、制 备、应用、消化吸收机制,对多肽铁复合物和蛋白琥珀酸铁的发展前景进行展望,以期对补铁剂的研究与发展提供 理论依据。     

Analysis of the structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes by the specific13C tracer method

In the present study the specifically¹³C-enriched lignin precursors of biosynthesis (i.e., coniferin-[side chain–¹³C], coniferin-[side chain-–¹³C] and coniferin-[side chain-–¹³C]) were synthesized and administered exogeneously to ginkgo shoots (Ginkgo biloba L.) to obtain¹³C-enriched lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCCs). The specifically¹³C-enriched LCCs were isolated from the newly formed xylem of ginkgo shoots administered with the¹³C-enriched precursors and degraded by enzymes. Lignin-rich fractions, so called enzyme-degraded LCCs (EDLCCs), were obtained. By determining their¹³C-NMR spectra, information related to the chemical structure of lignin building units and linkages between phenylpropane units of lignin and carbohydrates were obtained. It was found that these precursors were incorporated in natural lignin successfully. Three lignin-carbohydrates linkages (i.e., ether type, ester type, ketal type) were found at the C -position of the side chain of phenylpropane units in ginkgo LCC. No lignin-carbohydrate bond at the C- or C-position of the lignin side chain was observed in the¹³C-NMR spectra of the¹³C-enriched LCCs. This fact indicates that a specific¹³C tracer technique can be useful in NMR study of the chemical structure of LCCs.Part of this paper was presented at the 5th Pacific Polymer Conference, Kyongju, Korea, October 1997     

锡林郭勒盟不同草原地带湖泊环境变化规律研究

利用锡林郭勒草原2006年TM遥感影像数据,结合野外调查,在ArcGIS软件的支持下,将研究区面积大于5km2的湖泊-湿地复合体划分为湖泊、沼泽水体、裸地、裸滩与盐化地、湖滩湿地、典型湿地、地带性草原7种土地利用/覆盖类型,揭示不同草原地带湖泊-湿地复合体的结构变化规律。结果表明：在整个锡林郭勒草原范围内,湖泊相对集中...     

An Andosol from Eastern Saxony,Germany

We tested whether a ‘Lockerbraunerde’ from the heights of the Zittauer Gebirge in Eastern Saxony exhibited andic properties and classified it according to the rules of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB, 1998). To achieve this, we characterized a selected soil by means of routine soil analysis; selective dissolution procedures; X‐ray diffraction (XRD); X‐ray fluorescence (XRF), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). We used field criteria (Thixotropy; NaF‐field test) to obtain a map of the spatial distribution of soils with potential andic properties. We found that the soil fulfilled all requirements to be classified as an Andosol. The composition of the colloidal phases was exactly intermediate between sil‐andic and alu‐andic. At the same time, the soil had a spodic horizon [determined through the depth function of the Al_o+½Fe_o criterion]. As there was no indication of vertical translocation of metal‐organic complexes, but sufficient evidence to suggest the downward movement of mobile Al/Si‐phases, we maintain to classify the soil as an Endoskeleti‐Umbric Andosol and propose the existence of a pedogenetic pathway intermediate between Podsolisation and Andosolization. We conclude that the spodic horizon in the WRB is not well defined because of the dominance of the Al_o+½Fe_o criterion over morphological evidence. We further suggest the German soil taxonomy to be modified to better represent soils containing short range order minerals.     

新型β-二酮类化合物及其金属配合物的合成、表征和抑菌活性

以l-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮(PMP)为原料合成了l-苯基-3-甲基-4-乙酰基-5-吡唑啉酮(PMAP),进而以PMAP与不同金属醋酸盐合成了一系列新的配合物,并对PMAP及其配合物进行了红外、紫外表征和生物活性测试,发现在相同条件下,某些金属配合物的抑菌活性明显好于配体,尤其是PMAP-锌配合物的抑菌活性比较突出。     

基于bipppx(吡唑类)金属配合物的合成及抑菌性能研究

[目的]以双[3-（4-吡啶）吡唑基]-对二甲苯（bipppx）为配体与锌（Ⅱ）、镉（Ⅱ）、铜（Ⅱ）、钴（Ⅱ）的4种金属盐进行反应合成4种配合物,并对其进行抑菌活性研究。[方法]将配体bipppx溶于无水乙醇中,分别加入硝酸锌、乙酸镉、乙酸铜、乙酸钴,加热回流,过滤干燥得目标化合物;运用紫外光谱分析其配位情况;采用纸片法对其进行抑菌活性研究。[结果]抑菌活性试验结果表明,配体及配合物对大肠杆菌、产气杆菌的抑菌性较为明显,对金黄色葡萄球菌无明显抑菌作用,并且以bipppx-Co（Ⅱ）配合物的抑菌活性最佳。[结论]bipp-px金属配合物的制备为配位化学增添新的内容,良好的抑菌活性为其在农业、医药上的应用提供了依据。