添食色素对家蚕茧质影响的研究

家蚕是一种产业化生产的经济昆虫 ,家蚕彩色茧的开发与产业化利用 ,有望为丝绸业带来新的绿色活力.本实验采用色素添食法生产彩色茧 ,研究了添食色素对结茧率和全茧量、茧层量、茧层率的影响.结果发现 :添食红色素对结茧率和茧质无显著影响 ,添食橙色2号色素其茧质成绩有所提高.     

A rapid,simple, and sensitive immunoagglutination assay with silica nanoparticles for serotype identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

An agglutination test based on colored silica nanoparticles (colored SiNps) was established to detect serotypes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Monodisperse colored SiNps were used as agglutination test carriers. The colored SiNps were prepared through reverse microemulsion with reactive dyes, sensitized with 11 kinds of mono-specific antibodies against P. aeruginosa, and denoted as IgG-colored SiNps. Eleven kinds of IgG-colored SiNps were individually mixed with P. aeruginosa on a glass slide. Different serotypes of P. aeruginosa could be identified by agglutination test with evident agglutination. The P. aeruginosa could be detected in a range from 3.6 × 10⁵ to 3.6 × 10¹² cfu mL^?1. This new agglutination test was confirmed to be a specific, sensitive, fast, easy-to-perform, and cost-efficient tool for the routine diagnosis of P. aeruginosa.     

基于颜色特征的草莓成熟度识别技术研究

草莓成熟度识别技术是草莓采摘机器人顺利完成采摘任务的关键。本研究以"丰香"草莓为研究对象,首先提取不同成熟度草莓的颜色特征,计算草莓图像在HIS颜色空间模型下H分量的均值和方差;然后计算草莓果实红色部分着色面积所占比例;最后,建立BP神经网络,以H分量的均值、方差和草莓红色着色面积比作为BP神经网络的输入,训练完成后,判断待测样本的成熟度等级。通过本研究实验方法划分成熟度等级与经验丰富的果农判断结果对比,实验正确率可以达到90%以上。     

彩色甜椒品种比较试验

为筛选获得适合广东大棚栽培种植的优良彩色甜椒品种，采用随机区组设计方法对引进的5个彩色甜椒品种‘锦紫’、‘锦玉’、‘锦黄’、‘锦红’和‘锦桂’进行品种比较试验。品种间植物学性状、产量、商品性和果实品质分析的结果表明：品种间植株生长势差异显著；‘锦紫’和‘锦红’单株产量和小区产量高，但‘锦紫’果实品质差；‘锦红’和‘锦黄’维生素C含量高、含糖量高、口感好、商品性最好，可作为广东大棚大面积推广的优质品种。     

彩色马蹄莲2n配子育种技术初探

以彩色马蹄莲的栽培品种‘黒魔术’Black magic、‘火烈鸟’Flamingo为实验材料，研究彩色马蹄莲2n配子育种技术。选择刚从茎秆中抽出的幼小健壮小花，用0.15%的秋水仙素处理以诱导2n配子，将诱导的2n配子进行不同组合的杂交实验。结果表明：秋水仙素处理对彩色马蹄莲雄雌蕊发育有一定毒副作用，其中对雌蕊的损伤大于雄蕊；2n配子能在一定程度上克服杂交后代不育性；在相同条件下，经2n配子诱导处理的杂交种子与未处理的对照种子相比，种子萌发时间大幅度缩短（50天左右），叶片变薄、变大、叶色变浅，有些杂交植株表现出不同程度的畸变。通过对杂交后代的细胞学鉴定表明：处理配子杂交后代中获得染色体数目为48（2n=3x=48）的三倍体植株。     

New clues concerning pigment biosynthesis in green colored fiber provided by proteomics-based analysis

To separate the proteins related to pigment synthesis in green colored fiber (GCF), we performed a comparative proteomic analysis to identify the differentially expressed proteins between green cotton fiber and a white near-isogenic line (NIL). One differential spot identified as phenylocumaran benzylic ether redutase-like protein (PCBER) was expressed only in GCF, but was not found in white colored fiber (WCF) at any time points. Since PCBER was a key enzyme in lignans biosynthesis, total lignans were extracted from GCF and WCF and their content was determined by using a chromotropic acid spectrophotometric method. The results showed that total lignans content in GCF was significantly higher than that in WCF. The qPCR analysis for two PLR genes associated with lignans biosynthesis showed that the expression level of two genes was much higher in GCF than that in WCF at 24 and 27 days post anthesis (DPA), which may be responsible for the higher lignans content in GCF. Our study suggested that PCBER and lignans may be responsible for the color difference between GCF and WCF. Additionally, p-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (DMACA) staining demonstrated that the pigment in GCF was not proanthocyanidins, and was different from that in brown colored fiber (BCF). This study provided new clues for uncovering the molecular mechanisms related to pigment biosynthesis in GCF.     

细胞质雄性不育彩色棉的杂种优势利用和制种研究

利用棕色棉细胞质雄性不育系及其恢复系,配制成8个棕色棉杂种组合,通过比较试验,有6个组合产量比棕色棉对照棕絮1号增产6.78%～22.49%,达极显著水平,其中S003A×浙大强恢、抗A×S012、和X008A×S013组合的产量略高于白色棉对照中棉所29.在纤维品质上,8个组合纤维长度均大于棕色棉对照,增幅为0.1～4.9mm,其中X008A×S013和抗A×S012组合的纤维长度分别为29.0mm和28.4mm,与中棉所29接近,纤维比强度和麦克隆值也得到明显改良.通过对S003A×浙大强恢和抗A×S012组合不同制种方式的比较试验,表明纤维颜色不同的不育系与恢复系混合播种,以纤维颜色作为指示性状进行彩色棉杂种制种,不仅可以提高制种产量,而且对提高皮棉产量和品质也有明显作用.     

佳木斯市周边山区野生彩叶树种资源调查及开发利用分析

通过对佳木斯市周边山区(国家森林公园大亮子河、绿潭、横头山和三家甸等)野生彩叶树种调查分析,确定该区野生彩叶树种属15科34种。有观赏特性及开发利用前途的有色木槭、红瑞木、花楸、水榆花楸和狗枣猕猴桃等11种。重点介绍了各种类的观赏特性,并对佳木斯市开发利用野生彩叶树种资源提出了建议。     

彩色棉品质性状的遗传效应研究

选用了5个产量、品质性状差异较大的彩色棉品种以及1个白絮棉品种,采用不完全双列杂交交配设计(6×5/2)产生杂交一代15个组合以及6个自交亲本,考查了籽棉产量、皮棉产量和5个纤维品质性状,采用加性-显性遗传模型和统计分析方法(朱军,1997)分析了以上资料。结果表明:彩色棉纤维长度以基因的加性效应为主,纤维强度、整齐度、伸长率和细度的显性方差与加,性方差相当。彩色棉品质性状的狭义遗传率变幅为9.58%(伸长率)～87.01%(纤维长度)。紫絮棉和彩8在纤维长度、强度以及伸长率上都具有正的GCA效应,以它们作亲本可以明显改善后代的纤维品质,是彩色棉品质育种的有效亲本,对优质白棉的利用则会大大改善杂交彩色棉的产量和品质。组合紫絮棉×彩9-1、红叶棕絮×彩8、红叶棕絮×白棉、彩8×彩9-1、彩8×白棉等5个组合在品质上具有较强的SCA效应。上述亲本和组合在彩色棉育种以及杂交棉选育中可以有目的地加以利用。彩色棉与白色棉杂交后代的纤维强度具强的杂种优势,甚至有的组合超过纤维强度好的白色棉亲本。