Habitat associations of the Threatened pugnose minnow (Opsopoeodus emiliae) at the northern edge of the species range

Pugnose minnow (Opsopoeodus emiliae) is a small, reclusive species that is widespread in North America, but is one of the rarest fishes in Canada, found in less than 12 known localities in southwestern Ontario. In contrast to most pugnose minnow populations across the global range, Canadian populations are primarily found in turbid systems, potentially indicating persistence in suboptimal conditions. We used data from a multi-gear species and habitat survey in the Canard River, Ontario, a system dominated by agricultural inputs and the best-known capture site of the species in Canada, to parameterise multi-gear occupancy models for understanding the relationship between pugnose minnow occupancy and microhabitat features, including the role of turbidity. Almost 300 pugnose minnow were captured, representing the largest single collection of the species in Canadian history. The best occupancy model indicated that the probability of pugnose minnow occupancy was highest in the deepest sites with the lowest water clarity (i.e. high turbidity); however, competing models suggested that occupancy was highest at sites with wild celery (Vallisneria americana) and higher water clarity, signifying that habitats with low turbidity may be utilised if sufficient physical cover exists. Together, our results suggest that Canadian pugnose minnow populations occupy and potentially favour turbid conditions, possibly to avoid visual predators in clearer habitats. It remains uncertain whether this abiotic association represents a long-term, viable, local adaptation or whether persistence of pugnose minnow in the Canard River is at risk unless significant water quality improvements can be made.     

木材压花工艺的研究

本文探讨了在不采用任何软化药剂处理的条件下,对实木材表面进行压花试验,分析了6种树种木材的压花工艺条件及各工艺因素与压花制品质量之间的关系.结果表明,实木压花具有良好的工艺性能,但针叶树材的压花性能不如阔叶树材.不同树种的木材具有不同的压花工艺条件.在诸工艺因素中,温度和压力对压花制品的质量有较大的影响.     

和谐社会构建过程中的民主政治建设

现代民主政治作为人类政治智慧的结晶和现代文明的标志对和谐社会的构建意义重大。民主政治是程序政治、透明政治、宽容政治、法治政治。它为和谐社会提供了必须的制度基础。改革开放以来，社会主义民主政治建设取得了巨大成就，但在构建和谐社会的今天仍然存在一些问题。我们要把握好解决问题的着眼点，找到解决问题的有效路径。在和谐社会的构建过程中发挥民主政治的重要作用，使民主政治与和谐社会相得益彰。     

民间传统保健黄酒的澄清方法

对一种自制的民间传统保健黄酒成分进行检测,确定了影响黄酒非生物稳定性的主要成因,并采取各种澄清剂来提高此种黄酒的澄清度和非生物稳定性.结果表明,影响黄酒非生物稳定性的主要原因是蛋白质,其次是微量的单宁;澄清剂皂土处理过的黄酒稳定性最好,其次为101澄清剂.     

不同澄清处理对赤霞珠干红葡萄酒澄清度和色度的影响

采用明胶、壳聚糖、蛋清、果胶酶、木瓜蛋白酶5种澄清剂,对赤霞珠干红葡萄酒进行澄清处理,分解其中的果胶和蛋白质等胶体物质,使其与酒中的单宁、蛋白质、金属复合物,以及果胶质等发生絮凝作用,从而将这些物质除去,以提高酒的澄清度、稳定性和减轻酒的脱色。结果表明,0.08%壳聚糖、0.005%木瓜蛋白酶、0.05%明胶澄清处理的澄清度好于0.05%果胶酶和0.04%蛋清处理,但0.05%明胶处理引起酒的脱色较重。因此,0.08%壳聚糖和0.005%木瓜蛋白酶处理是较理想的赤霞珠干红葡萄酒的澄清处理方法。     

扶贫资产管理助力脱贫攻坚的体系构建研究

随着近年来扶贫资金投入的增加，各地区形成了一定规模的扶贫项目资产，提高扶贫资产管理效率、优化扶贫资产管理流程成为巩固脱贫质量的重要突破点。基于一般资产管理流程构建了扶贫资产管理流程，通过明确登记扶贫资产身份信息为优化资产管理提供依据，划定责任主体提高管理效率，规范收益分配实现助贫脱贫激发内生动力，构建监督体系实现扶贫资产在阳光下运行。在充分认识我国目前扶贫资产管理实施的困境下，应合理估算项目资产收益率，深刻挖掘扶贫资产带贫减贫机制，建立健全扶贫资产监督检查体系从而为长效扶贫机制的建立奠定基础，助力脱贫攻坚顺利实施。     

The influence of abiotic factors on gillnet catch rates of yellow perch in southern Lake Michigan, 1989–2006

Abstract The difference in yellow perch, Perca flavescens (Mitchill), catch rates were evaluated for gillnets set on the bottom at 10‐ and 15‐m depths in southern Lake Michigan during June, July and August from 1989 to 2006. More yellow perch were captured in gillnets set at 10 m than at 15 m. Differences in water temperature were significant in explaining variation in catch rates, but differences in Secchi depth and wave height were not significant. These results suggest that yellow perch may associate with habitat based on water temperature during the summer and move in response to thermal changes. In addition, this portion of the lake lacks noticeable heterogeneous structural habitat features that normally influence yellow perch behaviour. Fisheries managers should consider sampling based on temperature in addition to depth or other habitat features when designing sampling protocols.     

淀粉糊的透明度及其影响因素的研究

研究了淀粉糊的透明度以及NaCl、蔗糖、柠檬酸等食品成分和老化作用对透明度的影响。分子结构是影响淀粉糊透明度高低的内在因素,对于所添加的食品成分来说,NaCl降低淀粉糊的透明度,而蔗糖、柠檬酸则提高糊液的透明度。在储存初期(4℃,0～4d),由于直链淀粉迅速形成交联网,淀粉糊的透明度迅速下降。随着支链淀粉在交联网中逐渐分散,凝胶的逐步形成和完善,透明度下降减缓并趋于极限     

长时序高光谱图像清晰度影响因素分析

目的 清晰度是评价对地观测成像仪影像数据质量的典型指标之一,可以反映成像仪对地物边缘变化的敏锐程度。已有的对地观测成像仪在轨测试及图像质量评价方法研究中,往往关注遥感影像清晰度是否达标,或监测其变化趋势,未对清晰度变化影响因素进行深入探讨。针对这一问题,本文主要对长时间序列的成像仪成像清晰度的变化以及影响因素进行探讨。方法 以天宫一号高光谱成像仪短波红外谱段0级数据作为研究对象,首先利用改进的基于边缘检测的清晰度算法计算出影像的清晰度,其次将各影像数据对应的成像仪工程参数进行筛选,然后利用Apriori算法对长时间序列高光谱影像的清晰度与成像时刻的工程参数进行关联规则挖掘,利用最小支持度阈值和最小置信度阈值筛选出强关联规则,并附加提升度和余弦对强关联规则进行验证,最后结合3维散点图对影响清晰度的主要因素进行定量分析。结果 经大量测试数据表明,天宫一号高光谱成像仪短波红外谱段影像清晰度较好,影响清晰度的主要因素有太阳高度角、拍摄积分时间以及平台稳定性(包括俯仰角、偏航角和滚动角的稳定性)。太阳高度角与图像清晰度呈正相关关系,即当太阳高度角大于65°时,影像清晰度较高,当太阳高度角小于30°时,影像清晰度较低;平台稳定性与图像清晰度呈正相关关系,即当太阳高度角大于30°且小于65°时,平台稳定性高倾向于得到清晰度较高的图像,平台稳定性低倾向于得到清晰度较低的图像;拍摄积分时间与图像清晰度呈负相关关系。结论 基于关联规则挖掘的长时序高光谱图像清晰度影响因素分析方法是一种有效的分析方法,可以挖掘出与影像清晰度强关联的工程参数。后续可扩大工程参数范围,利用此分析方法进一步研究遥感图像其他指标与工程参数的关联关系。     

自信与人际困扰的关系:清晰度的中介效应

为探讨自信与人际困扰的关系,以及自信清晰度对此的中介效应,采用总体自信问卷、自信清晰度问卷和大学生人际关系综合诊断量表,对315名在校大学生进行测查,结果显示:自信、自信清晰度与人际困扰之间存在着负相关,自信清晰度在自信与人际困扰之间中介效应显著.结论:自信有助于个体减少其人际困扰,自信水平越高,人际困扰越少;自信清晰度在自信与人际困扰之间起着部分中介效应,中介效应占总效应的40.83%.