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通过单因素试验,确定对目标产物产率影响最显著的3个因素分别为羟基香茅醛与1,2-丙二醇物质的量比、反应温度和反应时间。根据Central Composite Design试验设计原理,采用3因素3水平的响应面法,以目标产物产率为响应值,分析各个因素的显著性和交互作用,结果表明最佳合成条件为羟基香茅醛与1,2-丙二醇物质的量比为1∶3.5,反应温度为38℃,反应时间4.4 h,羟基香茅醛与甲苯物质的量比1∶2~1∶2.5,此条件下目标产物产率为89.76%。  相似文献   
3.
不同施肥水平对香茅草生物量及香茅油产量的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在大田情况下,以香茅草为材料,研究了不同施肥水平对香茅草生物量和香茅油产量的影响。结果表明:施肥对香茅草生物量和香茅油产量都有明显的提高,最佳施肥水平在中肥区,即硫酸钾400 kg/hm2,钙镁磷肥1 500 kg/hm2,尿素750 kg/hm2,此施肥水平鲜草产量和香茅油出油量最高,分别达60 622.2 kg/hm2和372.5 L/hm2。  相似文献   
4.
The use of botanical insecticides could be an alternative efficient pest management in Cucurbitaceae against melonworm Diaphania hyalinata and less harmful to its predator. Few studies jointly assess the efficiency of botanical insecticides, their effects on pest, and their effect on the natural enemy and target crop. Here we examine (1) their impact against the melonworm D. hyalinata, a key pest of Cucurbitaceae, (2) their toxicity to the predatory ant Paratrechina sp., and (3) their phytotoxicity to pumpkin plants. The botanical insecticides citronella oil and eucalyptus oil were highly toxic to D. hyalinata and they exhibited to be less harmful for the predatory ant Paratrechina sp. Andiroba oil, eucalyptus oil, garlic extract, and citronella oil caused feeding inhibition of the D. hyalinata larvae. Eucalyptus oil, andiroba oil, garlic extract, and rotenone inhibited the oviposition of D. hyalinata. None of the insecticides was phytotoxic to pumpkin plants. Eucalyptus oil and citronella oil have induced high mortality and altered the behavior of target pests. In addition, they were selective for the predator Paratrechina sp. and not exhibited phytotoxicity on pumpkin plants. Eucalyptus oil and citronella oil seem the most promising compounds for incorporation into melonworm management programs, because they induced high mortality and altered the behavior of target pests and were selective for the predator Paratrechina sp.  相似文献   
5.
The repellency of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Miller)-containing products (5% aerosol and 8% cream) against mosquitoes was compared with those of citronella oil, geranium oil and deet, as well as three commercial repellents, Baby Keeper cream containing IR3535, MeiMei cream containing citronella and geranium oils, and Repellan S aerosol containing 19% N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (deet) under laboratory and field conditions. In a laboratory study with female Aedes aegypti (L), fennel oil exhibited good repellency in a release-in-cage test and repellency in skin and patch tests of the oil was comparable with those of citronella and geranium oils. In paddy field tests with five human volunteers, 5% and 8% fennel oil-containing aerosol and cream produced 84% and 70% repellency, respectively, at 90 min after exposure, whereas Baby Keeper cream and MeiMei cream gave 71% and 57% repellency at 90 min after exposure, respectively, and Repellan S aerosol gave 89% repellency at 210 min. The species and ratio of mosquitoes collected were the genera Culex (44.1%), Anopheles (42.2%), Aedes (7.8%) and Armigeres (5.9%). Fennel oil-containing products could be useful for protection from humans and domestic animals from vector-borne diseases and nuisance caused by mosquitoes.  相似文献   
6.
本文以‘美中红’番木瓜为试材,研究了热处理复合香茅精油处理对番木瓜果实采后保鲜效果及软化相关酶的影响,测定了贮藏过程中果实失重率、硬度、颜色、可溶性固形物(TSS)、可滴定酸(TA)、维生素C(Vc)和呼吸速率,还测定了多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)、果胶甲酯酶(PE)、纤维素酶(CL)和β-半乳糖苷酶(β-GAL)等软化相关酶的活性。结果表明:热处理复合香茅精油处理可显著降低番木瓜果实病情指数和失重率,延缓果实硬度下降和颜色的转黄,提高果实中的TSS和Vc含量和果实固酸比,降低果实呼吸速率,延迟呼吸高峰的出现;复合处理可降低果实PG酶、PE酶和β-GAL酶活性,延迟PE酶峰值的出现,对CL酶活性影响不显著。可见,复合处理对番木瓜果实有较好的保鲜效果,复合处理延缓果实硬度下降与降低呼吸速率以及降低PG酶、PE酶和β-GAL酶活性密切相关。  相似文献   
7.
采用水蒸气蒸馏对不同季节的香茅进行得油率测定,利用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析精油的化学成分,采用GC峰面积归一化法定量,同时采集生产样品进行对比。结果表明:爪哇香茅油中主要组分为香茅醛,香茅醇,香叶醇,榄香醇,含量均大于4%;香茅醛和香叶醇含量从1月到10月不断增加,分别增长25.81%、42.09%,但香茅醇含量降低46.10%;试验测定的样品与文献报导的同类产品达不到爪哇香茅油产品质量要求。  相似文献   
8.
Java citronella ( Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt., Family: Poaceae) is a perennial, multiharvest aromatic grass, the shoot biomass of which, on steam distillation, yields an essential oil extensively used in fragrance and flavour industries. It has a long initial lag phase. To utilize the crop resources more efficiently during this lag phase, a field experiment was conducted for two years (1995–97) in semiarid tropical climate to explore the feasibility of intercropping food legumes and vegetables in Java citronella. Among food legumes, greengram ( Vigna radiata (L.) Wilez.), and among vegetables, clusterbean ( Cyamopsis psoraloides D. C., syn. Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.), tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and lady's finger ( Abelmoschus esculentus Moench.) as intercrops did not decrease the biomass yield, essential oil yield of Java citronella and produced bonus yields of these crops over and above that of Java citronella. Maximum monetary returns were recorded by Java citronella intercropped with tomato or greengram. Java citronella intercropped with redgram ( Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.), horsegram ( Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verd. syn. Dolichos biflorus Roxb.) and brinjal ( Solanum melongena L.) suffered significant biomass and essential oil yield reductions. Horsegram proved to be the most competitive intercrop producing least yields and minimum monetary returns.  相似文献   
9.
A field expenment was conducted during 1992–94 at CIMAP, Field Station, Bangalore, India to study the effect of depth (25, 37.5 and 50 mm) and methods (Ridge and furrow and Broad Bed and furrow method) of irrigation and nitrogen levels (0, 200 and 400 kg N ha−1 year−1) on herb and oil yields of Java citronella. At the highest level of N application (400 kg N ha−1 year−1) ridge and furrow method was better suited for irrigating citronella. However, under lower N levels (0 and 200 kgN ha−1 year−1), as much as 30 % water can be saved by the broad bed and furrow method. The results have shown that highest herb and oil yields of citronella were achieved with the application of 400 kg N and maintaining 25 mm depth of irrigation. Content and quality of oil were not affected either by irrigation or nitrogen.  相似文献   
10.
在大田情况下,以香茅草为材料,研究了不同施肥水平对香茅草生物量和香茅油产量的影响。结果表明:施肥对香茅草生物量和香茅油产量都有明显的提高,最佳施肥水平在中肥区,即硫酸钾400 kg/hm2,钙镁磷肥1 500 kg/hm2,尿素750 kg/hm2,此施肥水平鲜草产量和香茅油出油量最高,分别达60 622.2 kg/hm2和372.5 L/hm2。  相似文献   
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