臭椿、新疆杨混交林对光肩星天牛选择寄主行为的影响

利用3年生臭椿、新疆杨在室内建立混交林进行光肩星天牛成虫放飞试验.结果表明:臭椿、新疆杨混交林对天牛成虫的寄主选择有显著影响,天牛成虫的交尾行为只在新疆杨植株上进行;天牛成虫在林内植株上着落的总虫次随新疆杨株数的减少而下降,交尾次数也减少;臭椿、新疆杨植株数量在林分中所占比例在一定范围时,天牛成虫在新疆杨和臭椿上着落的虫次比均趋于稳定;新疆杨与臭椿以行状3:2和2:3混交时林分的抗虫效果较好.     

我国农村信息服务的特点与模式选择

根据我国农村信息服务现状,分析了我国农村信息服务的主要特点和构成要素,从信息服务主体、信息管理和传递手段、信息运动方向和信息服务对象等角度对我国现行农村信息朋．务模式进行了分析和评价,在此基础上对我国农村信息服务模式选择提出建议。     

吉林省农村社区家政教育发展困境及路径选择

在介绍吉林省农村社区开展家政教育工作现状的基础上,指出了制约其进一步发展的困境,分析了教育实施中的内在动力、机制和体系方面存在的不足,并提出了完善农村社区家政教育发展的对策。     

CMOS集成块在水电站控制电路中的应用

在水电站控制电路中,为完成全站逻辑选控开停机,逻辑选控同期合油开关、跳油开关的功能,用CMOS集成电路替代分立元件,从而提高了水电站的自动化程度,缩小了集控台体积,也有利于安装、调试和维修。     

Assessing opportunity and relocation costs of marine protected areas using a behavioural model of longline fleet dynamics

Increasing use of spatial management tools in fisheries requires an understanding of fleet response, and in particular to where displaced fishing effort is likely to move. We develop a state‐dependent decision‐making model to address the spatial allocation of effort in an Australian tuna longline fishery. We assume that fishers have an economic objective in deciding where to fish, but that decisions in any period are also influenced by the remaining quota held at the time of the decision. Key features of the model include endogenous price dynamics, a moving stock and a competitive pool of different vessel types operating from different port locations. We utilize this model to illustrate fleet responses to marine reserves and limits on fishing effort. The results illustrate that the model framework provides advantages over statistically based models in that decisions made in response to the imposition of a reserve are not consistent with a proportional reallocation of effort. Rather, the stochastic dynamic model yielded an overall profit level of ～4% higher relative to scenarios with no reserve. Incorporating the opportunity cost of a quota into the model resulted in an optimal utilization of effort, in which effort was concentrated in time periods and locations yielding maximized profit. Under a low level of effort relative to the season length, the model indicated an overall profit level 43% greater than the highest obtained when the same level of effort was applied solely within any given quarter of the season.     

Life-history variation in relation to nest site abundance in males of the freshwater goby Tridentiger brevispinis

Abstract –  Age at maturity in males of the freshwater goby Tridentiger brevispinis , a species with exclusive paternal care, was investigated in two populations in Lake Biwa, Japan, that differed markedly in nest site abundance. At Ohmi-maiko, where nest sites were scarce, most males matured at age 3, and mean body size of males guarding eggs in nests was larger than that of males sampled randomly (including both guarding and nonguarding males) in the population. Conversely, at Minamihama, where nest sites were abundant, many males matured at age 1, and there was no difference in body size between guarding males and males collected randomly. The slope of regression lines between body size of the guarding male and the number of eggs in his nest was greater in Ohmi-maiko than in Minamihama. These results suggest that the shortage of nest sites enhances reproductive success in larger males, probably through male–male competition for nest sites and female mate choice for larger males. I conclude that in nest spawners, the availability of nest sites should strongly affect life-history traits of males through sexual selection.     

机械化挤奶站设备选择评价指标体系

机械化挤奶站是我国牛奶行业快速发展的产物,目前还是一个新生事物,急需一套科学、有效的奶站设备选择评价方法。针对挤奶设备、牛奶冷却设备、挤奶厅供热装置和整体配套方案,从技术、经济和安全质量等方面,构建出了机械化奶站设备选择的评价指标体系。     

组合桩型复合地基的方案选择与承载力计算

根据不同工程地质条件,给出了可供选择的组合桩型复合地基设计方案。在确定组合桩型复合地基承载力时,考虑组合桩型复合地基受荷后的实际工作性状、施工方法对桩间土承载力的综合影响,引入主控桩、辅桩和桩间土承载力发挥系数及桩间土承载力提高系数,提出了组合桩型复合地基承载力分步计算新方法。实例验证表明:采用本研究公式所得复合地基承载力计算值与载荷试验实测值基本吻合。     

自觉选择的命运——麦克白形象新析

文章分析了莎士比亚名剧《麦克白》中的英雄麦克白堕落的原因,认为决定性原因在于麦克白自身,在于他未能抵制野心和权欲的诱惑,而其夫人的蛊惑和女巫的预言等仅仅是起催化作用的外因。文章指出麦克白最终的结局是他自己自觉选择的命运。