A preliminary study on the suitability of Cervidil to induce cervical dilation for artificial insemination in ewes

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Cervidil^®, a prostaglandin E₂ (PgE₂)-releasing vaginal insert used for induction of cervical ripening and labour in women, to enhance the ease of transcervical artificial insemination (TCAI) in anestrous ewes (June). It was hypothesized that the use of Cervidil^® prior to AI would cause dilation of the cervix, and thus alleviate the difficulty associated with traversing the cervix for semen deposition in sheep. Cervidil^® was inserted 12 h before insemination in six Rideau-Arcott ewes; six ewes served as untreated controls.Semen was deposited into the uterus of all six treated ewes but TCAI was possible only in four of the six control ewes. It can be concluded that Cervidil^® facilitated transcervical semen deposition in anestrous ewes. The treatment with Cervidil^® has the promise of a technique to improve transcervical AI and to enable non-invasive embryo transfer procedures in sheep.     

欣普贝生与地西泮联合用于足月引产5O例临床观察

目的探讨欣普贝生联合地西泮静脉推注用于足月妊娠引产的临床效果及母婴安全性。方法采用随机对照前瞻性研究方法,对正常单胎头位初产妇足月妊娠。宫颈评分小于6分,无瘢痕子宫,具有引产指征而无使用前列腺素禁忌症的孕妇100例,随机分成观察组50例和对照组50例,观察组阴道放人欣普贝生,有不规律宫缩时静推地西泮10mg,对照组阴道放人欣普贝生,用药12h观察用药前后宫颈Bishop评分变化及用药至分娩时问、阴道分娩率、剖宫产率、总产程、产后24h出血量和新生儿体重、Apgar评分及出现子宫过度刺激等情况的差异。结果观察组用药促宫颈成熟有效率（98％）明显高于对照组（72％）（P〈0．05）;观察组总产程平均为468min,阴道分娩成功率占82％,对照组总产程平均648min,阴道分娩成功率66％,两组差异有显著性（P〈0．05）;产后出血量、新生儿Apgar评分、新生儿体重两组差异无显著性。结论欣普贝生联合应用地西泮对足月妊娠引产安全有效。     

Cervical transposition test using Hegar dilator at oestrus as a tool to select ewes for transcervical embryo collection

This study evaluated the cervical transposition method as a tool to select ewes for embryo collection by transcervical route. Adult Santa Inês ewes (n = 50) received Day 0 protocol for superovulation treatments. The cervix transposition test was performed both at oestrus and at the embryo collection time. The latter was preceded by hormonal cervical dilation. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were 85.7%, 66.6%, 85.7%, 66.6% and 80.0%, respectively. The kappa index yielded a moderate score (κ = 0.52). In conclusion, the high sensitivity and accuracy indicate that the cervical transposition test is a screening option to select ewes for embryo collection by transcervical route.     

Current challenges in sheep artificial insemination: A particular insight

Ovine artificial insemination (OAI) is not commonly performed because of specific problems related to semen application techniques, leading to highly variable results. The ideal methodology (frozen‐thawed semen/vaginal route) is unfeasible under field conditions due to the cervix morphology of the ewe, which prevents the process of intrauterine insemination necessary to obtain acceptable results. Currently, OAI commercial programmes use superficial cervical insemination, CAI (vaginal), with chilled semen (15°C) and intrauterine insemination, LAI (laparoscopic), with frozen‐thawed semen. The ability to improve upon these contrasting techniques may be derived from examining certain poorly studied factors such as insemination time, productive state of females and alternatives of seminal preservation, some of which we reviewed in this work. This interim solution will remain in use until AI by the vaginal route with frozen‐thawed semen is developed, but it poses new challenges in optimizing the freezing of the sperm and adapting the cervical (CAI) and/or transcervical intrauterine AI (TCAI). In this review, we address the current problems and evaluate their methodological (mechanical) and chemical (dilation) alternatives. Currently, TCAI is a methodologically complex technique with poor fertility results, so further studies are needed to improve the logistics of this procedure and the results of its application.     

Incompetent cervix and pneumouterus in a maiden mare

This case report describes an uncommon case of a congenitally incompetent cervix and a resulting pneumouterus in a 5‐year‐old maiden Quarter Horse mare. The mare was presented for artificial insemination at the Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany. Routine vaginal and rectal examinations revealed a shortened cervix of 3 cm length and a dilated uterus filled with a considerable amount of air. During ultrasonographic examination, ovaries of normal size with regular cyclic activity were detected. Chromosomal analysis could not confirm any genetic anomalies such as an expected XO karyotype. The mare was excluded from breeding due to its anatomical constitution.     

宫颈外观与宫颈病变关系初探

目的初步研究宫颈外观与宫颈病变的关系.方法选取2005-01—2009-12月河北北方学院附属第一医院妇科所有宫颈病变患者临床资料,回顾性分析其临床资料,按病变程度分组,比较各组病变之间宫颈外观的构成比,并作分析.结果在所有阳性病例中宫颈光滑和轻度糜烂与中重度糜烂组比较,差异无统计学意义.但在高度病变和癌变中中重度糜烂...     

端粒酶活性在子宫颈癌组织中的表达

目的 :了解不同临床分期、组织学分级子宫颈鳞癌组织中端粒酶活性。方法 :采用以 PCR为基础的端粒酶重复扩增方法及非变性 PAGE银染定性法检测不同临床分期、组织学分级子宫颈鳞癌组织中端粒酶活性。结果 :在子宫颈癌组织中端粒酶活性的表达率较正常宫颈、不典型增生宫颈组织的端粒酶活性高 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,且不同临床分期的子宫颈癌宫颈组织间端粒酶的表达率差异有显著性 (P〈0 .0 5) ,但不同病理分级的子宫颈癌宫颈组织间端粒酶活性的表达率差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5)。结论 :端粒酶在子宫颈癌组织中呈现高表达 ,且与临床分期有关 ,端粒酶可望成为检测子宫颈癌的一个重要指标。     

Diagnostic validity of cervical precancerous lesions by liquid-based cytology technique combined with high-risk HPV-DNA detection

AIM: To investigate liquid-based cytology technique (LCT) combined with high-risk human papilloma virus DNA (HPV-DNA) detection for diagnosis of cervical precancerous lesions. METHODS: Screening of cervical cancer was performed by LCT combined with HPV-DNA detection in 6 521 women at the age of 19~65 in our hospital for physical examination from December 2007 to December 2010. Eighteen high-risk HPV isoform genes were detected by HPV typing gene chip detection system. The women with positive detection underwent colposcopic cervical biopsies. The women with negative detection also underwent colposcopic cervical biopsies if the operation was of their own accord. RESULTS: The LCT positive results (≥ASCUS) were observed in 152 cases and HPV positive results were obtained in 86 cases. The women with both 2 positive results were found in 42 cases. The women with both LCT and HPV negative results were determined in 6 325 cases. In 152 cases of LCT positive and 86 cases of HPV positive women, the positive results of pathological biopsy (≥CINI) were 112 and 68 cases, respectively. Thirty-four cases in the 42 cases of both LCT and HPV positive women were conformed by pathological biopsy. In 6 325 women with negative results of LCT and HPV detection, 2 000 were perform pathological biopsy according to their own accord and only 1 had positive result. The diagnostic sensitivity of LCT for cervical precancerous lesions was 76.19% with the specificity of 98.05%. The diagnostic sensitivity of HPV detection for precancerous lesions of uterine cervix was 46.26% with the specificity of 99.12%. Combination of the 2 methods to diagnose cervical precancerous lesions made the sensitivity increase to 99.32% with the specificity of 99.61%. CONCLUSION: Liquid-based cytology technique combined with high-risk HPV-DNA detection is better than each of the single technique for screening precancerous lesion of cervical carcinoma.     

宫颈癌卵巢移位术及术后卵巢功能的追踪观察

目的：观察宫颈癌年轻患者卵巢移位术后卵巢内分泌的变化。方法：对１０例年轻、早期宫颈癌患者在行根治术的同时行卵巢移位，其中７例移位到髂脊上２ｃｍ皮下或腹外斜肌筋膜下方，３例移位到结肠旁沟中上侧腹部。１０例中８例术后１月行外照射放射治疗，总剂量４０￣５０Ｇｙ。１０例术前及术后（包括放疗后）６个月、１ａ、２ａ用放免法行血清性激素包括雌二醇（Ｅ２）、孕酮（Ｐ）、睾酮（Ｔ）、促卵泡素（ＦＳＨ）和促黄体素（Ｌ