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1.
鲜食甜玉米对比试验及生育期气象条件分析研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
开展甜玉米品质对比试验研究,比较分析各参试甜玉米品种的性状、品质、口感,筛选出适合呼和浩特地区推广种植的甜玉米品种,为种植户提供专业的技术指导。主要依据试验基地小区分区试验,对试验甜玉米品种进行全生育期观测,每个品种采用田间随机选样4组,每组依次选取10株进行观测,主要针对生长状况、产量结构各要素进行测定,根据专家现场鉴评,对每个品种口感进行综合测评。结果表明:15个甜玉米品种中,‘万彩甜糯118’、‘禾甜糯2’、‘金糯628’、‘万糯2018’、‘美玉加甜糯36号’几个品种果穗大小均匀,籽粒饱满,排列整齐,并且甜糯可口,品质较好;‘禾甜糯2’属于口感型玉米,但是穗长较小,因此建议种植户选用时,如果追求甜玉米穗长和产量,应该尽量摒弃;‘美玉加甜糯36号’是早熟玉米,口感既糯又香甜,但是由于生育期短,因此种植时一定要合理结合销路进行种植,以防玉米过早衰老;‘万彩甜糯118’、‘金糯628’、‘万糯2018’属于中熟品种,建议大面积推广种植。综合甜玉米品种特性,甜玉米生育期越长,口感越佳,一般早熟甜玉米口感较差,中晚熟甜玉米口感比较好,杂交系甜玉米比自交系甜玉米更甜更糯,本次试验中,发现黄白相间、彩糯玉米等口感都比较好;甜玉米受干旱、高温、连阴天等不利天气影响较大,在生长期如果水肥条件太差不利于玉米快速生长,在开花期至乳熟期,如果出现高温或者连阴天,将会影响玉米授粉,同时不利于玉米结籽。  相似文献   
2.
以马齿苋、黑豆和苦荞麦等为原料,经过发酵和炒制等工艺开发出了一种风味马齿苋野菜酱。以感官评分为指标,通过单因素试验和正交试验确定了干马齿苋的蒸制时间为10 min,大豆油用量为40 g,白砂糖用量为3.55 g,同时确定了马齿苋野菜酱的最佳配方。在此条件下制备的马齿苋酱风味浓郁、无异味;颜色呈暗红色、明亮,口感酸甜适口;汁液均匀、无分层和沉淀。  相似文献   
3.
基于酶抑制法的自助式农药残留检测平台建立   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
以金华火腿骨为研究对象,研究不同提取方法对其呈味物质释放的影响。通过感官评价及可溶性糖、有机酸、5''-核苷酸和游离氨基酸的测定分析不同处理组间样品的差异,同时采用偏最小二乘回归法(partial least squares regression,PLSR)对提取物感官和呈味物质间进行相关性分析。感官评价发现,高压蒸煮的样品的鲜味、咸味和可接受度最高,其协同滋味的综合评分最佳;呈味物质分析发现,原液中所有呈味物质含量都最低,高压-复配酶解处理的样品中可溶性糖总量最高,高达132.68 mg/100 g;经过酶解处理样品有机酸含量显著增加(P<0.05),达到3 733.32 mg/100 g;样品经不同处理后,5''-核苷酸含量呈现显著性增加(P<0.05),总含量最高的是经过高压蒸煮处理的样品,质量分数高达1.24 mg/100 g,是原液和其他处理组样品的2.38~12.4倍;与样品原液相比,游离氨基酸总量都显著增加(P<0.05),高压蒸煮处理的样品中含量最高,总质量分数为642.44 mg/100 g。借助偏最小二乘回归方法对样品的感官属性及呈味成分进行相关性分析,发现样品间具有显著性差异(P<0.05),不同的处理方式所释放的呈味物质分布规律显著不同,高压蒸煮的样品与咸味和鲜味具有显著相关性(P<0.05);酶解处理的样品与酸味和甜味有较强相关性,其他组样品与感官与呈味属性相关性不强。结论:不同处理方式的金华火腿骨具有不同的风味,其风味特征与多种物质有关,该研究结果为火腿骨的深度开发提供了理论指导,提高金华火腿骨的附加值。  相似文献   
4.
近年来多种感染人或家畜的冠状病毒病轮番出现,给人类社会的经济和公共卫生安全带来很大危害。特别是在2019年底出现并在全球迅速蔓延的SARS-CoV-2,由此引发的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)在2019年12月至2020年3月之间在全球范围内造成超过7万人死亡。冠状病毒感染宿主的第一步是识别宿主细胞膜受体分子并与之结合,随后启动入侵使病毒基因组进入宿主细胞内部。因此冠状病毒细胞受体的阐明对于了解病毒的宿主与组织嗜性具有重要意义,同时也有助于了解病毒的致病与传播机制以及新型抗病毒药物研发。本文介绍了近年来主要的冠状病毒受体的最新研究进展,包括血管紧张素2(the angiotensin converting enzyme 2,ACE2)、氨基肽酶N(aminopeptidase N,APN)、二肽酰肽酶4(dipeptyl peptidase 4,DPP4)、唾液酸(sialic acid,SA)和癌胚抗原相关细胞黏附分子1(carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1,CEACAM1)等。  相似文献   
5.
AIM: To investigate the effects of astragaloside IV (AS-IV) on chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α) in endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and its mechanism. METHODS: Rat bone marrow-derived EPCs were cultured in vitro. The proliferation, adhesion, migration, apoptosis and tube formation capacity of EPCs treated with AS-IV and AMD3100, a specific blocker of CXCR4, were observed. The effects of AS-IV on the expression of SDF-1α/CXCR4 at mRNA and protein levels and the protein level of p-CXCR4 in the EPCs were determined. RESULTS: AS-IV significantly enhanced the proliferation, adhesion, migration and tube formation abilities of EPCs, reduced the apoptosis of EPCs, and up-regulated the mRNA and protein expression of SDF-1α and CXCR4 and the p-CXCR4 protein level in the EPCs. On the other hand, AMD3100 blocked the up-regulating effect of AS-IV on the mRNA and protein expression of CXCR4 and the p-CXCR4 protein level in the EPCs, but did not affect the effect of AS-IV on the expression of SDF-1α. CONCLUSION: AS-IV might enhance the biological function of EPCs by regulating the expression of SDF-1α/CXCR in EPCs.  相似文献   
6.
AIM: To explore the effect of inositol 1, 4, 5-trisposphate receptor (IP3R) in luteinizing hormone-epidermal growth factor receptor (LH-EGFR)-induced oocyte meiotic resumption. METHODS: Models of mouse cumulus-oocyte complexs (COCs) culture and follicle culture in vitro were generated to study the effects of 2-aminoethyl diphenyl borate (2-APB) and heparin (IP3R specific inhibitors) on LH/EGF-induced oocyte meiotic resumption and EGF-induced cumulus cell expansion. Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of cumulus expansion-related factors. The changes of the intracellular calcium level were monitored using Fluo 3-AM, and the cGMP level was measured by ELISA. RESULTS: The inhibitors of IP3R, 2-APB and heparin, dramatically reversed EGF-induced oocyte maturation (P<0.05) and decreased cGMP levels in COCs (P<0.05). In addition, 2-APB and heparin reversed EGF-induced cumulus expansion, and significantly inhibited EGF-induced cumulus expansion-related factor expression (P<0.05). The activation of IP3R increased intracellular calcium level, and the study found that 2-APB and heparin dramatically reversed EGF-induced elevation of calcium level in cumulus cells (P<0.05). Follicular culture in vitro showed that 2-APB and heparin significantly reversed the LH-induced oocyte maturation (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: LH-EGFR signaling pathway increases calcium level in cumulus cells through IP3R, resulting in meiotic resumption.  相似文献   
7.
ABSTRACT

The immunostimulatory and disease-resistance properties of Achyranthes aspera were evaluated in rohu (Labeo rohita) challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. Experimental diets were enriched with leaves at 0.25% (D1) and 0.5% (D2) and seeds at 0.5% (D3); the control diet (D4) was without any enrichment. Rohu (2.02 ± 0.23 g) were cultured for 75 days and then challenged with bacteria. The highest average weight was observed in the D3 diet-fed fish. The cumulative mortality rates were 70%, 60%, 40%, and 30% in the D4, D1, D2, and D3 diets fed to rohu respectively. Enriched diets significantly increased myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide synthase, and serum lysozyme levels and decreased malondialdehyde and carbonyl protein content. Expressions of lysozyme C and lysozyme G were significantly (P < .05) higher in the D3 diet-fed fish. In the kidney, IL-1β and TLR 4 were up-regulated in enriched-diet-fed fish. Supplementation of seeds and leaves at 0.5% showed a positive impact in fish.  相似文献   
8.
Excessive stress response causes disability in social life. There are many diseases caused by stress, such as gastrointestinal motility disorders, depression, eating disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels underlie non-selective cation currents and are downstream effectors of G protein-coupled receptors. Ca2+ influx is important for smooth muscle contraction, which is responsible for gastrointestinal motility. Little is known about the possible involvement of TRP channels in the gastrointestinal motility disorders due to stress. The purpose of this study was to measure the changes in gastrointestinal motility caused by stress and to elucidate the mechanism of these changes. The stress model used the water immersion restraint stress. Gastrointestinal motility, especially the ileum, was recorded responses to electric field stimulation (EFS) by isometric transducer. EFS-induced contraction was significantly reduced in the ileum of stressed mouse. Even under the conditions treated with atropine, EFS-induced contraction was significantly reduced in the ileum of stressed mouse. In addition, carbachol-induced, neurokinin A-induced, and substance P-induced contractions were all significantly reduced in the ileum of stressed mouse. Furthermore, the expression of TRPC3 was decreased in the ileum of stressed mouse. These results suggest that the gastrointestinal motility disorders due to stress is associated with specific non-selective cation channel.  相似文献   
9.
10.
NMB/NMBR通过调节A型流感病毒(IAV/H1N1/PR8)感染诱导的细胞因子表达而参与抗IAV的先天性免疫反应。为探究其发挥抗IAV/H1N1感染的信号通路,本文用PR8和WSN毒株分别感染MLE-12细胞和小鼠,用NF-κB抑制剂BAY11-7028单独或联合NMB处理MLE-12细胞,小鼠后腿肌内注射NMB和NMBRA,采用RT-PCR和qRT-PCR分析NMBNMBRIL-6、IFN-α和NP基因表达变化,采用Western blot分析NMB、NMBR、P65/p-P65、IκBα和NP蛋白表达的变化。结果显示,BAY11-7028可促使PR8和WSN感染的MLE-12细胞中NMB、NMBRIL-6和IFN-α基因表达水平均下降和NP基因表达水平上升,并降低NMB、NMBR和p-P65蛋白表达水平和提升IκBα和NP蛋白表达水平。然而,NMB联合BAY 11-7028诱导PR8或WSN感染后的细胞中IL-6和NP表达出现极显著下降和IFN-α显著上升。此外,NMB抑制PR8和WSN感染的小鼠肺组织内p-P65和NP蛋白表达水平和促进IκBα蛋白表达水平;NMBRA联合NMB抵消NMB对PR8或WSN感染后的这些蛋白表达水平的调节作用。综上表明,NMB/NMBR通过调节PR8和WSN感染的MLE-12细胞和小鼠体内的NF-κB信号通路上P65蛋白磷酸化和IκBα的表达,进而影响下游细胞因子IL-6和IFN-α基因的表达,从而发挥抗IAV/H1N1感染的先天性免疫应答反应。  相似文献   
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