Increased proportions of CCR4+ cells among peripheral blood CD4+ cells and serum levels of allergen-specific IgE antibody in canine chronic rhinitis and bronchitis

Canine chronic rhinitis (CR) and bronchitis (CB) are suspected to be allergic diseases. The present study tested whether dogs diagnosed with CR or CB present an atopic predisposition based on the ratio of CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4)-positive cells among peripheral blood CD4-positive cells (CCR4/CD4) and the serum levels of allergen-specific IgE antibodies. We found that most dogs with CR and CB have a possibility of atopic predisposition, and macrolide therapy constitutes an alternative to corticosteroid therapy in controlling the clinical signs.     

Allergic Study of Ivermectin Microemulsion

The study was aimed to observe the allergic reaction of ivermectin microemulsion injection on animals. Active systemic allergy test and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis test were carried out to study the allergic reaction of ivermectin microemulsion injection on Wistar rat and guinea pig, respectively, according to . The results showed that the allergic reaction of ivermectin microemulsion injection on Wistar rat and guinea pig were both negative. The study provided experiment evidences for the safety evaluation of ivermectin microemulsion.     

Clinical Feasibility and Airway Deposition of Nebulized Voriconazole in Healthy Horses

Voriconazole (VRC) is a potential treatment for pneumomycosis in horses. The objectives of this study were to determine if the delivery of Vfend using a Flexineb nebulizer produced clinically significant [VRC] in lower airways. The hypothesis was that [VRC] after delivery by nebulization would be greater in the pulmonary epithelial lining fluid than plasma. A secondary objective was to determine [VRC] in upper airways through the collection of nasopharyngeal wash (NPW) samples. Voriconazole solution [Vfend-6.25 mg/mL, 100 (n = 2), 200 (n = 3), 500 (n = 1) mg] was nebulized once in 6 healthy geldings. Clinical responses, duration of nebulization, and [VRC] at various time points (up to 8 hours) in plasma, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) supernatant and cell pellet, and NPW samples were recorded. Voriconazole (Vfend-6.25 mg/mL, 200 mg) was nebulized in 5 additional, healthy geldings, and [VRC] was measured in NPW samples pre- and postnebulization at time points up to 8 hours. The antifungal activity of BALF and NPW samples was determined using agar disk diffusion. Concentrations of voriconazole were below detection in plasma, BALF supernatant, and cell pellets for all time points and doses except the BALF cell pellet (0.4 μg/g) immediately after nebulization of 500 mg. For 5 horses, administered 200 mg of Vfend, mean [VCR] in NPW at the end of nebulization and 1, 6, and 8 hours postnebulization were: 30.8 ± 29, 1.0 ± 0.84, 0.2 ± 0.19, and 0.34 ± 0.67 μg/mL, respectively. Only NPW samples obtained immediately postnebulization showed antifungal activity. A nebulized Vfend solution is not recommended for the treatment of pneumomycosis in horses.     

北京市空气污染物对过敏性鼻炎的影响研究

 以2009年3月19日至2010年3月18日间北京医院耳鼻喉—头颈外科的过敏性鼻炎（AR）门诊就诊病人观测为基础，结合北京市空气质量，探讨空气质量与AR的关系。结果表明， AR患者的人数均随年龄的增长呈现先增加后减少的趋势，以中青年龄段（21～50岁）人数最多。春、秋季是过敏性鼻炎的易发时期，夏、冬季发病率相对较低。AR日就诊人数的时间变化趋势与空气中PM10，SO2，NO2的浓度变化具有一定的时间对应性，在观测的上半期内尤为明显，表明在短期内空气中PM10，SO2，NO2浓度的增加会直接影响AR的发生与症状加重，并导致就诊人数增加     

猪源支气管败血波氏杆菌间接血凝诊断方法的建立

用引起猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎的支气管败血波氏杆菌全菌抗原致敏经戊二醛处理的绵羊红细胞,制备成间接血凝试验抗原,通过IHA来检测由支气管败血杆菌引起的猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎血清抗体。致敏绵羊红细胞的最佳抗原浓度为100μg/mL,血清效价≥1∶8即为阳性,效价≤1∶4者判为阴性,该方法具有很好的敏感性、特异性和可重复性,而且操作简单,适合大范围推广应用。     

牛源非典型分枝杆菌的分离与鉴定

对我国东北和华北地区牛群中非典型分枝杆菌的感染情况进行了调查，从５２头结核（副结核）菌素变态反应阳性及可疑牛的１４２份巴结等材料和在屠宰场预备屠宰的２００头猪（肉）牛（其中８头结核菌素变态反应阳性或可疑）的５６９份淋巴结材料中分离出２０株分枝杆菌。经鉴定牛分枝杆菌３株，非典型分枝杆菌１７株。非典型分枝杆菌进一步被鉴定为：瘰疠分枝杆菌５株，偶发分枝杆菌４株，鸟－胞内分枝杆菌复合物４株，副结核分枝杆菌     

红车轴草总黄酮对小鼠免疫功能的影响

［目的］研究红车轴草总黄酮对小鼠免疫功能的影响。［方法］设计迟发变态反应试验、炭粒廓清试验、脏器指数试验，每个试验均用40只小鼠，随机分成4组，设对照组与高、中、低剂量3个试验组。3个试验组分别给予85 mg/（kg·d）（高剂量组），53 mg/（kg·d）（中剂量组），22 mg/（kg·d）（低剂量组）红车轴草总黄酮灌胃，对照组以吐温-盐水液灌胃。［结果］3个试验组48 h足跖增厚与对照组均有增加，以中剂量试验组增加显著（P〈0.05）；中剂量组与低剂量组的吞噬指数较对照组有显著增高（P〈0.05）；脏器指数试验结果表明，试验组与对照组均有增加，但没有显著的统计学意义。［结论］试验全面评价了红车轴草总黄酮的各种生理药理功能及其对免疫功能的影响，为其开发应用提供了可靠的参考资料。     

鼻炎症状兔的细菌感染情况调查与分析

文章对山东省某兔场的25只临床鼻炎症状家兔进行了细菌带菌情况调查,并对分离出的细菌进行了16S rRNA基因测序和耐药情况检测。结果表明:从临床病例中分离出151株细菌,经过16S rRNA测序鉴定,分别为大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、奇异变形杆菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、波氏杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、多杀性巴氏杆菌以及绿脓杆菌等;药敏试验结果显示,所有检出菌对红霉素、磺胺异噁唑的耐药率最高,其次为阿奇霉素和庆大霉素,阿米卡星的耐药率最低。     

我国猪萎缩性鼻炎流行现状调查

为了解我国猪萎缩性鼻炎的流行现状,采用鼻甲骨病变评分方法对我国12个省市24个规模化养殖场的上市猪及死淘猪的鼻甲骨病变状况进行诊断评估。数据显示:100%的猪场感染萎缩性鼻炎,97.81%的样品出现鼻甲骨病变情况。结果表明,猪萎缩性鼻炎在我国广泛流行,且北方及东部地区感染情况更为严重,急需加强防控。     

牛副结核检疫中的非特异性干扰

给犊牛接种各种分枝杆菌，然后以副结核ＰＰＤ进行变态反应试验，观察各分枝杆菌感染对副结核变态反应的干扰；从各种分枝杆菌感染牛群采取血清进行副结核ＥＬＩＳＡ检测，以观察各分枝杆菌血清对牛副结核ＥＬＩＳＡ的干扰。结果：多种分枝杆菌，特别是鸟胞内分枝杆菌、瘰疬分枝杆菌的感染可干扰副结核变态反应；部分结核牛血清干扰副结核ＥＬＩＳＡ的检测