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1.
生物质燃料是指将生物质材料燃烧作为燃料,主要使用农林废弃物作为原材料。生物质成型燃料(BiomassMouldingFuel,简称"BMF"),是将农林废物作为原材料,经过粉碎、混合、挤压、烘干等工艺,制成各种成型(如块状、颗粒状等)的,可直接燃烧的一种新型清洁燃料。但是如何安全可靠使用,我国现阶段还没有成熟的技术。本文详细介绍笔者通过和企业合作的方式设计一款基于PLC的生物质燃料控制器的设计方案。  相似文献   
2.
周林泉 《粮食储藏》2011,40(1):24-25
设计出一种粮仓窗户远程自动控制系统。根据仓内外的温度和湿度变化,自动开启或关闭窗户及通风机械,实现粮仓的自动通风,自动控制。该系统可与粮情检测系统、通风控制系统等结合,组成粮仓自动化管理系统。  相似文献   
3.
    
Phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) evaluation based on shoot dry weight in the early stages of plant development can be a useful measure to identify genotypes that are superior in phosphorus (P) use. The objectives of this study were to (i) identify inbred lines that are efficient and inefficient in P use, (ii) assess the genetic diversity among the inbred lines based on traits related to PUE, (iii) investigate the relationship among traits related to PUE and its components and (iv) estimate the expected responses to selection for increasing PUE. Twenty‐three S6 popcorn inbred lines were evaluated under high and low P, and several traits related to PUE and its components were measured. Efficient and inefficient inbred lines under each P level were identified, and the genetic diversity assessment grouped these inbred lines in opposite clusters. Phosphorus acquisition efficiency (PAE) was the most important component of PUE in the early stages of plant development, and the direct selection for PAE seems to be the best method for increasing PUE in these stages.  相似文献   
4.
针对目前胶合板等多层板排板生产大部分是手工排板的情况,设计了基于可编程序控制器控制的多层板连续排板自动生成设备.该设备主要完成自动计量、自动切割和自动运输等工作,具有生产效率高和节能等特点.  相似文献   
5.
Plant roots can increase microbial activity and soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition via rhizosphere priming effects. It is virtually unknown how differences in the priming effect among plant species and soil type affect N mineralization and plant uptake. In a greenhouse experiment, we tested whether priming effects caused by Fremont cottonwood (Populus fremontii) and Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) grown in three different soil types increased plant available N. We measured primed C as the difference in soil-derived CO2-C fluxes between planted and non-planted treatments. We calculated “excess plant available N” as the difference in plant available N (estimated from changes in soil inorganic N and plant N pools at the start and end of the experiment) between planted and non-planted treatments. Gross N mineralization at day 105 was significantly greater in the presence of plants across all treatments, while microbial N measured at the same time was not affected by plant presence. Gross N mineralization was significantly positively correlated to the rate of priming. Species effects on plant available N were not consistent among soil types. Plant available N in one soil type increased in the P. fremontii treatment but not in the P. ponderosa treatment, whereas in the other two soils, the effects of the two plant species were reversed. There was no relationship between the cumulative amount of primed C and excess plant available N during the first 107 days of the experiment when inorganic N was still abundant in all planted soils. However, during the second half of the experiment (days 108-398) when soil inorganic N in the planted treatments was depleted by plant N uptake, the cumulative amount of primed C was significantly positively correlated to excess plant available N. Primed C explained 78% of the variability in plant available N for five of the six plant-soil combinations. Excess plant available N could not be predicted from cumulative amount of primed C in one species-soil type combination. Possibly, greater microbial N immobilization due to large inputs of rhizodeposits with low N concentration may have reduced plant available N or we may have underestimated plant available N in this treatment because of N loss through root exudation and death. We conclude that soil N availability cannot be determined by soil properties alone, but that is strongly influenced by root-soil interactions.  相似文献   
6.
duniperus sabina Linnaeus, an evergreen shrub with prostrate life form, can effectively prevent sand moving and is an important tree species for reforestation in semiarid areas of China. It has laterally distributed adventitious roots and a deeply distributed main root system. To detect water movement between the main root system and adventitious roots, we adopted heat pulse sensors using the Heat Ratio Method, a high precision method for measuring low sap flow rates. Two sensors were implanted in each individual in the stem between the main root system and adventitious roots, and another two in lateral stems distal to all the roots. Positive sap flows during nighttime, even under saturated air moisture conditions, were detected only between the main root system and adventitious roots under drought conditions, and the rate of flow increased as drought progressed and decreased or disappeared after rain events. The results demonstrated the existence of water movement from the main root system to adventitious roots, and combined with the high contribution of nighttime sap flow to transpiration (11%-16%) the results indicate that it also involves the process of hydraulic lift, a water movement from moist subsoil to dry surface soils. Integrated water use strategy between the main root system and adventitious roots via the process of hydraulic lift of soil water maximizes water acquisition efficiency from both subsoil water and water from rain pulses on the soil surface; this increases survivability in the water-limited environment of semiarid areas.  相似文献   
7.
主要研究FCM聚类法在车辆行驶工况中的应用。通过对合肥市典型道路的试验,获取大量的实验数据,划分为多个运动学片段,并运用多元统计理论方法及Matlab对数据进行分析和处理,引入11个表征汽车行驶特性的特征参数进行研究。运用主成分分析这种数理统计理论,同时通过FCM聚类方法,对合肥市道路行驶工况进行分析与仿真,拟合出能够代表合肥市的代表性工况。通过对实验数据的分析表明,拟合的行驶工况有利地反映了合肥的汽车保有量、城市结构、交通流分布、驾驶行为习惯及道路特征等的情况。  相似文献   
8.
    
A pathogenicity island within the genome of a multi-host plant bacterium, Pseudomonas cichorii strain SPC9018, comprises the hrp genes encoding a type III secretion system and the pat gene encoding an N-acetyltransferase proposed to play a role in virulence. However, the function of the N-acetyltransferase remains poorly characterized. Interestingly, limiting the iron condition using a phytosiderophore, mugineic acid, resulted in reduced virulence of strain SPC9018 on respective host plants, including eggplant, similar to the reduced virulence observed with a pat gene-deletion mutant. Spectroscopic analyses showed that the pat deletion reduced the concentration of pyoverdine, which is the main siderophore produced by strain SPC9018, leading to a reduction in pyoverdine-mediated iron acquisition. Furthermore, the pat gene deletion mutant showed enhanced expression of the fecA, pvdL, and pvdR genes, whose expression is induced under deficient siderophore-mediated iron uptake. The pat-deletion mutant showed a hyper-swarming phenotype, and the addition of iron decreased this swarming motility. The pat deletion also reduced the adhesion ability of the bacteria, similar to the effect of iron-limited conditions. Furthermore, deletion of the pat gene enhanced expression of the hrp genes. These findings suggested that the pat gene encoding the N-acetyltransferase may be implicated in iron acquisition, contributing to host specificity of P. cichorii strain SPC9018 and its virulence.  相似文献   
9.
大型跨流域调水工程可以实现水资源优化配置,而为了提高渠道的运行管理水平,对这种复杂庞大的供水系统,实行运行自动化控制十分必要。在前人研究的基础理论之上,结合渠道运行控制系统的基本结构,建立了可直接应用于不同运行方式的大型调水工程运行调度数值仿真模型,并把该模型运用到南水北调中线工程的运行调度仿真计算中。结果表明,所建立的渠道自动化运行数值仿真系统可较好地实现多种运行方式下的渠道运行调度仿真计算,各种运行方式下渠道的闸门开度及水位过渡过程都较为良好。  相似文献   
10.
    
In the mid-1950s Professor R. Gerard Ward carried out his first significant research project as a graduate student in the ‘Taupo country’– a diverse volcanic landscape with a rich Maori history in the central North Island of New Zealand. This paper traces my own ‘journeys’ into the Taupo country and my association with the complexities of both historical and contemporary understandings and realities of Maori land tenure. I use several specific examples, and draw on a variety of experiences to argue that the ‘Taupo country’ cannot be understood without an appreciation of the enduring Maori values which still permeate society and land tenure in New Zealand’s ‘volcanic desert’ landscape. Despite legislative efforts to impose on Maori a title system derived from British property law, and all the subsequent pressures to assimilate, enduring Maori values intertwined with ancestry and identity cannot be ignored either in reconstructions of the history or in current planning for the future of the Taupo region.  相似文献   
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