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1.
为了探讨牛磺酸对卵形鲳鲹(Trachinotus ovatus)肠道微生物菌群结构和免疫功能的影响,试验以鱼粉、发酵豆粕和玉米蛋白粉为基础蛋白源配制了牛磺酸质量分数分别为1.3 g·kg-1(T0)、4.4 g·kg-1(T1)、7.4 g·kg-1(T2)、10.5 g·kg-1(T3)、12.7 g·kg-1(T4)的等氮等脂饲料。将750尾卵形鲳鲹(81.0±0.5)g随机分为5组(每组150尾,分为3个平行),试验为期56 d。高通量测序结果显示在卵形鲳鲹肠道内共获得87707条序列,能够注释到数据库的OTUs数目为5130(95.32%),在门水平上,变形菌门、软壁菌门、螺旋体门为优势菌群。Alpha和Beta多样性分析表明,T2组中的肠道微生物丰富度和多样性最低,T1和T4组间物种组成差异较大(P<0.05)。随外源性牛磺酸的添加,血清溶菌酶活性显著提高,补体C4和免疫球蛋白含量显著增加(P<0.05);各试验组ToTLR-1、ToTLR-2、ToTNF-α和ToIL-1β基因表达量显著降低(P<0.05);T1、T2和T4组的ToNFkB P65基因表达量显著低于对照组(P<0.05);T3和T4组ToIL-10基因表达量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。该试验结果显示,外源牛磺酸对卵形鲳鲹肠道微生物菌群和免疫功能具有显著影响。  相似文献   
2.
哈维氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)是引起海南省后水湾深水网箱养殖卵形鲳鲹(Trachinotus ovatus)"烂身病"的主要病原菌。为了能够快速诊断该病原菌,急需建立一种耗时短、准确以及便捷的检测方法。本研究利用分离到的致病菌株QT520的ToxR基因序列设计特异性引物和加入SYTO-9特异荧光染料,建立了一种可以实时、快速检测哈维氏弧菌的LAMP法(RT-LAMP)。该方法对哈维氏弧菌的基因组DNA及菌液灵敏度分别为100 fg/μL和10~3 cfu/mL,与Real-time PCR法检测灵敏度相当,比普通PCR的检测灵敏度要分别高1000倍和10倍,能有效区分哈维氏弧菌与坎氏弧菌(Vibrio campbellii);可以实时观察检测结果,且检测时间只需要40 min;具有耗时短、特异性和灵敏度高、仪器便携、操作简单且能实时观察检测结果等优点,非常适合在生产现场进行哈维氏弧菌的检测。  相似文献   
3.
To investigate the effects of dietary vitamin C on growth, flesh quality and antioxidant capacity of juvenile golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus, a 56‐day feeding trial with five graded levels of dietary VC (D1: 11.69, D2: 34.89, D3: 59.10, D4: 114.26 and D5: 227.93 mg VC per kg of diet) was performed on 375 fish (triplicate groups of 25 fish per diet, initial weight 13.57 ± 0.09 g). Results showed that fish of D3 group exhibited the maximum specific growth rate (SGR) and the highest liver enzymatic activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐PX), which were consistent with the expression levels of cat and gsh‐px. Besides, the D3 group also showed higher contents of protein and lipid, and lower cooking loss, drip loss and malondialdehyde content in muscle than D1 group. The docosahexaenoic acid proportion in muscle increased with increasing dietary VC levels. Furthermore, the lowest expression levels of carnitine palmitoyltransferase1 (cpt1) and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor α (pparα) were detected in livers of D3 group. The optimum dietary VC level was 49.73 mg/kg from the broken‐line analysis based on the SGR, in which better growth performance, antioxidative ability and flesh quality were observed in T. ovatus juveniles.  相似文献   
4.
实验旨在研究饲料异亮氨酸(Ile)水平对卵形鲳鲹(Trachinotus ovatus)消化酶活性和免疫指标的影响。以鱼粉、豆粕、花生粕和L-晶体氨基酸为蛋白源,配制含粗蛋白430 g·kg~(-1)的6种等氮饲料,各组分别含有13.2 g·kg~(-1)、15.7 g·kg~(-1)、18.2 g·kg~(-1)、20.7 g·kg~(-1)、23.2 g·kg~(-1)和25.7g·kg~(-1)(以干物质计)异亮氨酸。每组3个重复,每个重复随机放置20尾鱼[初始体质量(6.36±0.03)g],实验时长8周。结果显示,各实验组的肠淀粉酶和胃蛋白酶活性、血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、溶菌酶(LZM)活性、免疫球蛋白M和补体(C3和C4)浓度均随着饲料Ile水平的升高而先上升后下降,这5个指标的较高值出现在18.2 g·kg~(-1)和20.7 g·kg~(-1)组,而较低值则出现在13.2 g·kg~(-1)和25.7 g·kg~(-1)组,上述4组与其他2组差异显著。血清尿素氮和丙二醛(MDA)浓度的变化趋势则与上述7个指标相反,较低值出现在18.2 g·kg~(-1)和20.7 g·kg~(-1)组,且显著低于其他4组。血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性则随着饲料Ile水平的增加而显著升高,18.2~25.7 g·kg~(-1)这4组SOD活性没有显著性差异。综上所述,饲料Ile水平为18.2~20.7 g·kg~(-1)时,卵形鲳鲹具有较好的消化性能和免疫机能。  相似文献   
5.
以初始体质量为(13.88±0.28)g的卵形鲳鲹为试验对象,研究不同盐藻添加量(0.0%、0.1%、0.2%、0.4%、0.8%、1.6%)饲料对其体色和生长的影响。每组设3个平行,每个平行饲养20尾鱼,每日饱食投喂2次(8:00;17:00),试验周期为56d。结果显示,盐藻添加量为0.1%~1.6%时,随着饲料中盐藻水平的提高,卵形鲳鲹背部和腹部黄色值(b*)呈显著上升趋势(P0.05),饲料中添加盐藻可明显改善卵形鲳鲹体色;与此同时,卵形鲳鲹质量增加率和特定生长率随饲料盐藻水平的上升呈下降趋势(P0.05),未添加盐藻的对照组具有最高蛋白质效率和最低饲料系数,且与盐藻添加量为0.4%的试验组差异显著(P0.05),饲料中添加盐藻对卵形鲳鲹生长性能和饲料利用没有明显的促进作用;此外饲料盐藻水平对卵形鲳鲹体成分也没有显著影响(P0.05)。  相似文献   
6.
Sustainable and profitable commercial aquaculture production of marine fish species is dependent on the development of sustainable protein sources as substitutes for expensive animal meals such as fishmeal (FM). Previous Florida pompano Trachinotus carolinus studies have indicated that poultry by‐product meal (PBM) and meat and bone meal can be used to produce a FM‐free diet if suitable levels of nutrients (such as taurine) are included in the diets. In this study, we attempted to develop an all‐plant protein diet by removing the animal proteins in practical diets for pompano by substituting back select ingredients. A series of eight FM‐free diets were formulated, four systematically replaced soybean meal (SBM) with soy protein concentrate (SPC) and four replaced PBM with SPC. Based on the results, there is no clear disadvantage to the use of SPC as a replacement for SBM. However, the complete removal of PBM resulted in reduced performance. Two additional growth trials were conducted to supplement additional amino acids including glycine, valine and histidine, a proprietary chemical attractant mix, fish protein concentrate and squid hydrolysate to improve the growth of pompano when fed all‐plant protein diets. The only improvement in performance occurred with the squid hydrolysate. These results demonstrate that using soybean meal, soy protein concentrate and corn gluten meal as the primary protein sources, a plant‐based feed formulation can be developed, but the removal of all animal proteins is not yet feasible.  相似文献   
7.
Golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus is an important farmed carnivorous marine teleost. Although some enzymes for long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC‐PUFA) biosynthesis have been identified, the ability of T. ovatus for endogenous biosynthesis is unknown. Here, we evaluated in vivo LC‐PUFA synthesis in a 56‐day culture experiment using six diets (D1–D6) formulated with linseed and soybean oils to produce dietary linolenic/linoleic acid (ALA/LA) ratios ranging from 0.14 to 2.20. The control diet (D0) used fish oil as lipid source. The results showed that, compared with the corresponding indices of fish fed D0, the weight gain rate and specific growth rate as well as the contents of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acids in tissues (liver, muscle, brain and eye) of D1–D6 groups were significantly lower (p < .05). These data suggested that T. ovatus could not synthesize LC‐PUFA from C18 PUFA or such ability was very low. However, tissue levels of 20:4n‐3 in fish fed diets D1–D6 were higher than that of D0 fish (p < .05), and positively correlated with dietary ALA/LA ratio, while levels of EPA showed no difference among the D1–D6 groups. These results indicated that Δ5 desaturation, required for the conversion of 20:4n‐3 to EPA, may be lacking or very low, suggesting incomplete LC‐PUFA biosynthesis ability in T. ovatus.  相似文献   
8.
9.
Jaw malformations of hatchery reared golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus larvae were studied from 1 day post hatch (DPH) to 31 DPH. The severity of jaw deformities was classified into three levels where ‘0’ represents normal jaw; ‘1’ is intermediate jaw malformation; and ‘2’ is severe jaw malformation. The severe jaw malformations of golden pompano larvae were clearly observed on 3 DPH. Starting from 3 DPH, both intermediate and severe jaw malformations were observed and the total incidence of jaw malformations ranged from 9.6% to 46.6%. The highest severe jaw malformation occurred on 5 DPH, and 25% larvae exhibited serve jaw malformation. On 11 DPH, jaw malformations reached the peak with 46.6% fish exhibiting jaw malformations of either category 1 or 2. On 26 DPH, the percentage of intermediate jaw malformation reached the peak value (36.4%). This was the first study reporting jaw malformation of golden pompano larvae, and the result can be used as a reference point for future research on the control of jaw malformation in golden pompano.  相似文献   
10.
以葡萄糖、蔗糖、糊精、玉米淀粉和糊化玉米淀粉为糖源制成5种等氮等脂饲料,投喂卵形鲳碜(Trachinotus ovatus)8周,研究不同糖源对其日增重、饲料利用和肝脏消化酶活性的影响.结果显示,不同糖源对卵形鲳鲹日增重、饲料效率和蛋白效率均有显著影响(P<0.05).糊化玉米淀粉组的日增重、饲料效率和蛋白效率均最高,显著高于非淀粉糖源组(P<0.05),而与玉米淀粉组无显著差异(P>0.05);葡萄糖组的日增重、饲料效率和蛋白效率均最低,显著低于其他糖源组(P<0.05).消化酶活性结果显示,饲料中的不同糖源对卵形鲳鲹的肝脏消化酶活性有显著影响(P<0.05).两个淀粉组的蛋白酶活性显著低于分子量较低其他三组(P<0.05);蔗糖组的淀粉酶活性最高,显著高于除糊精组外的其他糖源组(P<0.05);脂肪酶活性随着糖分子量的增大而增大.本研究中淀粉类大分子糖类对卵形鲳鲹的促生长效果优于葡萄糖、蔗糖和糊精,糊化玉米淀粉组的促生长效果最好.  相似文献   
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