Advances in DUS Test Technique for Coconut

As great progress has been made in the field of protection of new plant varieties, more attention is paid to the standardization of DUS （Distinctness, Unifor- mity, and Stability） test procedure. For further studies of tropical plants as their im- portance in agriculture and germplasm, protection of coconut becomes more signifi- cant and thus DUS test technique of coconut is needed. In this essay, we analyzed the status quo of the DUS test guidelines by International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants （UPOV proj.3） and national DUS test guidelines in Chi- na, and provided some suggestions or promotions for improving the guidelines of DUS test in coconut.     

关于桥梁伸缩缝的研究

本文通过对几种桥梁伸缩缝的测试,并分析了测试的数据,认为最新生产的江苏毛勒伸缩缝既可满足桥梁梁端变形需要,又可起到防水作用,同时还具有良好的舒适性和耐用性。     

基于PLC与组态王的实木板材双面检测装置的总体设计

选用S7-200 PLC,结合组态王人机交互界面,运用激光轮廓和色泽集成扫描技术设计了一种实木板材双面检测系统。主要介绍了该检测系统的工作原理和工作流程,简述了检测装置的整体结构及其传动、升降、检测、行程控制等主要模块的设计及电气控制系统总体设计。试运行表明,该装置集合PLC和组态王的优势,利用激光扫描技术,可实现对板材双面检测过程的实时控制;板材检测运用色泽与轮廓相结合,有效地解决了现有实木板材单面检测系统不能全面地反映实木板材表面缺陷状况的难题。该设计可为实木板材表面缺陷检测中三维轮廓检测技术的进一步应用提供有益参考。     

红椿天然种群分布格局尺度研究

为研究濒危物种红椿(Toona ciliata Roem.)的种群分布格局,在谷城南河流域对发现的仅有两个红椿种群(T1,T2),以相邻格子法设置5 m×5 m、3 m×3 m的样方,精确到1 m格子.通过 χ2检验、Cx的t检验、Morisita Iδ的F检验,对种群分布格局进行判断是否符合泊松分布.结果表明,T1种群在5 m×5 m、3 m×3 m样方尺度下,Cx和Iδ均为泊松分布,5 m×5 m尺度 χ2检验为集群分布,3 m×3 m尺度为Poisosn分布;干扰种群T2种群密度较大,3种检验均为集群分布.因此,分布格局满足 χ2检验的泊松分布,样方设置应注重尺度和数量;df越大,理论值与观测值更可能越接近正态分布,种群分布格局的检验更加真实可信.     

液压悬挂试验的加载误差及其补偿

通过对下支点固定式油缸加载工况下拖拉机液压悬挂装置的受力分析，推导出这种国内外常用试验台设计方案的加载误差，并给出试验数据的修正方法以补偿该项误差的影响。     

汽车中控锁执行器性能检测试验研究

对汽车中控锁电动执行器性能检测进行了深入研究。通过力学分析与试验，对交变试验力的特点及产生原因进行了分析，得出盘簧机构相对电动执行器是交变负载，从而提出了以中控锁自身作为检测负载的方案。为解决在恒温箱内测量主动驱动力的困难，采用了间接测量工作电流的方法；此外还进行了耐久性试验和驱动时间的测量。全套检测装置已成功应用于生产中。     

从美国引进的小麦抗锈品种的抗锈性测定和我国及美国小麦叶锈菌的毒性比较研究

1981年在河北农业大学温室分别用中国小麦叶锈菌4个小种360、376、377和60对从美国引进的13个抗锈品种进行了抗叶锈性测定,在河北省植保所田间进行了成株期对叶、条锈的抗性测定.1982年在美国堪萨斯州立大学温室分别用美国的小麦叶绣菌培养物PRTUS1、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、13和19对13个品种中的9个进行了抗叶锈性测定.苗期测定结果指出,其中3个品种Kans 63324,STW 646407和II-11996-4R-SM-1R对所测的中国小种都表现抵抗,但对美国的培养物大多数抵抗,而在所测的9个品种中没有对所有美国培养物都抵抗的.在对比两国之间中国小麦叶锈菌小种和美国小麦叶锈菌培养物的毒性时进一步指出,有些品种犹如LA1415,STW597725和STW597947对美国的少数培养物抵抗,而对所有的中国小种感染.田间试验用小麦条锈菌小种19和21接种指出品种NB61975、NB66523和STW597944对条锈是免疫的,NB61977和II-119966-4R-SM-1R是高抗的.     

轮式拖拉机电磁兼容性试验研究

针对国产某型轮式拖拉机出口认证检测中电磁窄带发射超标和电磁辐射抗扰度不合格的问题,通过试验研究,找出了导致整机不合格的部件,并对其重新进行了电磁兼容设计;经过试验验证,整改后的拖拉机的电磁窄带发射和抗扰度均符合标准要求。     

Do forest and health professionals presume that forests offer health benefits,and is cross-sectional cooperation conceivable?

In high-income countries depression and cardiovascular diseases were predicted to be the two leading causes of DALYs in the year 2030. Private-life stress fosters both kinds of diseases. Scientific findings already show that forest exposure has stress-reducing effects. Particularly in Japan, people have practiced forest bathing to improve their health. The German population also has a strong connection to its forests, and forest law allows forest access, regardless of ownership structure. Hence, the question arises of whether forest exposure could be used in Germany as a kind of stress-coping strategy. To a certain degree, the success of such a strategy in Germany would require the participation of the stakeholders that are active in both the health and the forestry sectors. Therefore, it seems necessary to gain insight into German forest and health professionals' understanding and attitude concerning forest-related health benefits. For this reason, in this pilot study, guideline interviews with professionals of both sectors and with professionals standing in between these professions were conducted, recorded and transcribed. On the one hand, each professional’s presumptions regarding the health-fostering effects of forests were investigated, derived from their subjective certainty that forest exposure has health-fostering effects. In addition, a thought experiment was used to estimate the level of willingness to cooperate with each other in order to motivate people to be physically active in forests. For analysis, Mayring’s qualitative content analysis and a frequency analysis (MaxQDA) were applied. Findings show that most of the interviewed professionals presume forests to have health-fostering effects. Furthermore, something derived from the statements within the context of the thought experiment was that most professionals seem to be willing to cooperate with the other sector. Hence, it might be conceivable that forest exposure may be part of a German stress-coping strategy.     

大气氟化物对植物的伤害及其测试分析方法

介绍了氟的自然分布和特性,阐述了大气氟化物对植物的伤害症状、伤害机理,并论述了其测试分析方法。