饲料中添加黄藤素对吉富罗非鱼生长性能、抗氧化能力和非特异性免疫的影响

为探究饲料中黄藤素含量对吉富罗非鱼生长、抗氧化能力和非特异性免疫的影响。在基础饲料中添加0(A组)、0.01%(B组)、0.02%(C组)、0.04%(D组)和0.08%(E组)的黄藤素,饲喂平均体质量为0.5g的吉富罗非鱼幼鱼12周。结果表明：（1）饲料中黄藤素的含量对罗非鱼摄食率、末重、日增重系数、饲料系数无显著影响（P>0.05）,E组体增重显著高于对照组(P < 0.05)。（2）随着黄藤素添加量的提高,血清中AKP、T-AOC活性呈上升趋势,其中以E组最高,D组SOD活性显著高于其它各组(P < 0.05),各试验组MDA活性均低于对照组。（3）随着黄藤素添加量的提高,肝脏中SOD、AKP、T-AOC、CAT活性随黄藤素添加量的提高呈上升趋势,E组GSH-Px活性显著高于其他各组(P < 0.05),各处理组MDA活性均低于对照组。（4）C组和D组LZM活性显著高于对照组(P < 0.05),D组巨噬细胞吞噬活性及基因IL-1β表达量显著高于对照组(P < 0.05),C组基因TNF-α表达量显著高于对照组(P < 0.05),血清补体C4活性呈上升趋势,以E组最高。结果表明：饲料中添加0.04%~0.08%黄藤素在维持良好生长性能的同时能有效提高罗非鱼抗氧化能力。     

氮素浓度对黄檗幼苗主要次生代谢产物的影响

试验的完全营养液按照Utriainen和Holopainen方法进行配制,略加修改.在完全营养液的基础上,通过改变NH4N03的用量调配出5种营养水平的氮素处理营养液进行试验.数据处理后初步得出结果,在一定范围内提高氮素培养液的浓度,使黄檗幼苗根部和茎部的小檗碱、药根碱以及掌叶防己碱的含量都得到显著提高.说明氮素浓度对黄檗幼苗的三种生物碱含量具有一定的影响.     

Identification and antimicrobial activity of two alkaloids from traditional Chinese medicinal plant Tinospora capillipes

Two antimicrobial alkaloids, palmatine and jatrorrhizine, were isolated from tubers of traditional Chinese medicinal plant Tinospora capillipes using activity-guided isolation method and chromatography. Their antimicrobial activity was determined in vitro. The results showed that palmatine and jatrorrhizine had inhibitory activity against plant pathogens Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum, Mycosphaerella sentina, Pestalotia mangiferae, Cercospora kaki, Gymnosporangium haraeanum, Rhizoctonia solani and Colletotrichum graminicola, with the EC₅₀ values of 0.0348-0.8356 g L⁻¹ and 0.0240-0.8649 g L⁻¹, respectively. Palmatine and jatrorrhizine also exhibited inhibition against animal pathogens Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Staphyloccocus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidi, Micrococcus lysodeikticus, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli, with the MIC values of 0.1-0.8 g L⁻¹ and 0.1-0.6 g L⁻¹, respectively. These results suggested that palmatine and jatrorrhizine showed relatively broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against plant and animal pathogens.     

HPLC法同时测定黄檗皮中小檗碱、掌叶防己碱和药根碱的含量

建立一种高效快速从黄檗皮中同时测定小檗碱、掌叶防己碱、药根碱含量的方法。采用高效液相色谱法。以乙腈：水为1：1(1000mL溶液中含磷酸二氢钾3．4g及十二烷基磺酸钠1．7g)为流动相,流速1．0mL／min：检测波长为345nm。在上述色谱条件下,3种生物碱达到分离完全,且峰形良好。该方法简单、快速、准确测定原料中3种生物碱含量,为原料的质量控制奠定了基础。