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1.
以湖北三峡库区秭归地区不同海拔伦晚脐橙(Citrus sinensis Osbeck ‘Lane late’ Navel)果实为试验材料,探讨了湖北三峡库区晚熟脐橙果实枯水防控栽培技术,进行了晚熟脐橙种植区域布局研究,结果表明,在湖北三峡库区,江南晚熟脐橙适宜区域化种植在海拔360 m以下,江北在海拔350 m以下。在适宜范围外,随海拔升高,晚熟脐橙果实品质下降,可食率、果汁率降低,酸下降快,化渣性变差,果实枯水加重。其次,探讨了晚熟脐橙果实枯水防控生产技术,冬季套袋试验效果好,果实枯水比率控制在5%以下,显著低于对照果实(枯水率50%),可有效减轻和防止晚熟脐橙果实枯水,而且套袋果实外观好,品质优。覆膜技术效果其次,果实枯水比率可以控制在20%以下,而且该技术简便、劳动量小且成本较低,可以在生产中应用。  相似文献   
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采用不同透光率的PE袋对转色期血橙果实进行遮光试验,测定了不同遮光处理下血橙果皮总花色苷的动态含量和血橙果皮中12个花色苷合成相关基因的动态表达,深入探究光照与血橙果皮花色苷着色之间的关系,以期为改善生产中血橙果面着色不良问题提供解决思路。结果表明:血橙果实经过PE袋遮光后,果皮在着色时间、着色面积和着色程度上均受到阻碍,阻碍程度与PE袋的透光率相关,遮光促进了血橙果面亮度的增加。自然光照下,8个结构基因GSTANSCHSDFRF3HUFGTPAL、4CL和2个调节基因RubyMYBF1在转色期间的表达量快速增加,而不同程度的遮光阻碍了其表达,阻碍程度与PE袋的透光率相关,推测这10个基因属于血橙果皮花色苷合成受光调控的关键基因。将遮光后果皮总花色苷动态含量、关键基因的动态表达量与对应的PE袋透光数据进行综合分析,可以推测光照中调控血橙果皮花色苷合成的可能是其中的UVB、UVC紫外光。根据相关基因的动态测定结果,推测血橙果皮花色苷合成的关键时期在花后249 d开始出现,为保证外观品质,血橙采摘在花后249 d之后进行较为适宜。为预防血橙冬季落果,生产上通常采用冬季树体覆膜技术保果,为减少覆膜对血橙果面花色苷着色的影响,应选用透明PE膜或其他紫外线透过率较高的膜。  相似文献   
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[目的]探讨沙糖橘、西番莲、荸荠复合果蔬汁饮料最佳配方工艺。[方法]以沙糖橘、西番莲、荸荠为主要原料,以感官评价为指标,通过单因素和正交试验确定复合果蔬汁饮料产品的最佳配方。[结果]复合果蔬汁最佳的配方:复合果蔬汁配比沙糖橘汁∶西番莲汁∶荸荠汁为5∶2∶3,复合果蔬汁含量35%,白砂糖含量10%,柠檬酸含量0.05%。[结论]该配方工艺生产的复合果蔬汁饮料营养丰富,并具有与新鲜果肉相似的香气、色泽,口感独特。  相似文献   
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A two-year experiment was conducted in an iron(Fe)-deficient orchard with calcareous soil to find out an alternate method for soil application of Fe ethylenediamine-N,N'-bis(2-hydroxyphenylacetic acid) (Fe-EDDHA) in orange trees. Foliar sprays of Fe-EDDHA (5 g l?1, pH = 7.8), sulfuric acid (pH = 3), citric acid (5 g l?1, pH = 2.4), Fe (II) sulfate solutions (250, 500, and 750 mg Fe l?1) with their initial pH (6.5, 6.35, and 6.12) and reduced ones to pH of 3 were compared with soil applied (75 g tree?1) Fe-EDDHA and a control test. Although optimum chlorophyll content, leaf Fe concentration, fruit quantitative and qualitative attributes were resulted from soil application of Fe-EDDHA, repeated sprays of Fe-EDDHA or acidified Fe solutions created suitable results. Acidification of Fe solutions made them more effective in alleviation of leaf Fe concentration and Fe chlorosis, probably due to remobilization of inactive Fe within the plant and prevention of Fe oxidation and precipitation in foliar solutions.  相似文献   
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This study evaluated the ability of orange peel fragment (OPF) to act as a functional feedstuff, influencing growth, haematological profile, and antioxidant enzyme activity of Nile tilapia subjected heat/dissolved oxygen‐induced stress (HDOIS). A group of 440 male Nile tilapia (31.7 g ± 0.34) was randomly distributed in 40 250‐L aquaria (11 fish/tank) and fed five practical diets with graded levels of OPF at 0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8% for 70 days. The diets were formulated to contain 30% crude protein and 18 MJ/kg crude energy. After the feeding period, growth performance was evaluated and six fish per treatment were sampled for haematological profile and antioxidant enzyme activity, before and after HDOIS. Then, fish were subjected to HDOIS (32°C/2.3 mg/L dissolved oxygen) for three days and the same haematological profile and antioxidant enzyme activity were determined. There was no effect of OPF on the haematological profile, either before or after HDOIS. The polynomial regression model was used to express the relationship between antioxidant enzymes activity and OPF supplementation level. The maximum activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase was reached at 0.66%, 0.63%, and 0.68% of OPF respectively. Results of the present study suggest that a dietary supplementation level of 0.63%–0.68% of orange peel fragment was appropriate to maintain Nile tilapia haematological profile and improve its antioxidant capacity under HDOIS.  相似文献   
7.
Raw meat typically hosts spoilage organisms and sometimes hosts pathogens; to combat this, natural antimicrobial interventions have gained interest among consumers. In a previous study a marinade containing a thyme-orange essential oils combination (TOC) at the 0.5% level was found to inhibit Salmonella and Campylobacter species. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effect of a salt-phosphate marinade solution with 0.5% TOC (treatment) or without TOC (control) applied by vacuum tumbling on the shelf life of broiler breast fillets and whole wings. The total aerobic and facultative mesophiles (TAM) occurring naturally on these products during refrigerated storage for 14 d (at 1, 7, 10, and 14 d) were enumerated. A total of 48 (24 for each trial) skinless breast fillets and 48 (24 for each trial) whole wings were used for the 2 trials. For each trial, 12 of the 24 breast fillets or wings were marinated using the control marinade solution and the remaining 12 were marinated in the treatment marinade solution. On d 1, 7, 10, and 14, 3 treatment and 3 control breast fillets and wings were randomly selected for TAM enumeration. Sample rinsates were plated in duplicate and incubated at 35°C for 48 h. Thyme-orange combination marinade significantly reduced TAM numbers on d 1, 7, and 10 compared with the controls. Log reductions of 0.3, 0.9, and 1.1 were recorded on d 1, 7, and 10, respectively. The difference in TAM between the treated and untreated whole wings was not significant. Therefore, 0.5% TOC in marinade can be used as a natural antimicrobial to reduce TAM on skinless breast fillets; however, a higher concentration may be required for skin-on products.  相似文献   
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[目的]研究脱苦工艺对浓缩橙汁的脱苦效果以及对果汁品质的影响。[方法]试验采用活性炭对浓缩橙汁进行脱苦,以橙汁中的柚皮苷(碱性二甘醇显色法)和柠檬苦素(对-二甲氨基苯甲醛显色法)的含量变化来表征浓缩橙汁的脱苦效果。[结果]通过单因素试验结合感官评定,确定了较适于橙汁的脱苦工艺:脱苦条件为常温20℃,活性炭用量35 g/L浓缩果汁(可溶性固形物含量50.5%),搅拌时间20 min采用最佳工艺处理,得到的浓缩果汁中柚皮苷和柠檬苦素的脱除率分别为49.5%和73.5%。[结论]脱苦后浓缩橙汁苦味明显变淡,风味自然,口感适中。  相似文献   
9.
以琼中绿橙为例,对海南琼中绿橙的化学防治情况进行调研,进行绿色综合防控技术研究。从可行性和成本效益的角度进行分析,对其实施绿色综合防控技术的效益进行估算,并提出相关建议。  相似文献   
10.
[目的]探讨氮磷钾不同配比对柑桔裂果的影响。以期找到最有效的防裂果组合。[方法][结论]通过配施N、P、K不同比例地面复合肥与喷洒不同的矿物营养元素叶面肥处理组合来防止裂果试验。[结果]在春季用肥料配比N:P2O5:K2O=20:10:10。夏秋用肥料配比N:P2O5:K2O=16:8:16。叶面喷施0.5%硝酸钙液的处理组合防裂果效果最好。同时分析不同处理中叶片的N与K比值,N与Ca的比值。Ca与K的比值,发现树体中N与K的比值(N/K)和N与Ca的比值(N/Ca)同裂果呈正相关,即比值越大,裂果越重。树体中Ca与K的比值(Ca/K)与裂果成负相关。其比值越大,裂果越轻。[结论]为避免柑桔裂果,生产中应该根据土壤的墒情、树势的优劣、季节的更替等平衡全面地施肥。  相似文献   
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