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排序方式: 共有805条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Truong‐Giang Huynh Shao‐Yang Hu Chiu‐Shia Chiu Quoc‐Phu Truong Chun‐Hung Liu 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(3):807-817
The aims of this study were to unravel the intestinal microbiota of Litopenaeus vannamei after being fed a diet without (control) or with the synbiotic (SYN) for 60 days using next‐generation sequencing technology to see if changes in the intestinal microbiota were involved in the improved growth performance and health status of the shrimp. Next‐generation sequencing data showed that six phyla, 11 classes, 19 orders, 30 families, 58 genera and 73 species with taxonomic names assigned were detected. The majority of the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) was shared between the SYN and control shrimp and comprised 37 OTUs. However, intestinal biodiversity analyses revealed that SYN‐fed shrimp had a higher species richness, evenness and Shannon–Weaver index than did shrimp fed the control diet, but without reaching statistical significance. Interestingly, shrimp fed the SYN diet exhibited improved colonization of Lactobacillus plantarum and reduced prevalences of Vibrio harveyi and Photobacterium damselae in the intestines. These findings indicate that the SYN was able to modulate the intestinal bacterial community of shrimp and could be used to control vibriosis in shrimp. 相似文献
2.
本实验旨在研究饲料中添加嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus)对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)幼虾生长、非特异性免疫酶活性、抗病力和相关酶m RNA表达的影响。选取840尾初始均重为(0.58±0.01)g的凡纳滨对虾幼虾为研究对象,分为7个处理,每个处理3个重复。投喂添加不同比例(0%,0.1%,0.2%,0.4%,0.6%,0.8%,1.0%)嗜酸乳杆菌的饲料,养殖期8周。结果显示:添加不同比例嗜酸乳杆菌对凡纳滨对虾的成活率无显著影响(P0.05)。增重率与特定生长率随添加量的增加呈先上升后下降的趋势,但均显著高于对照组(P0.05),在0.4%组达到最大值;当添加0.2%时,饲料系数最低,其他各组显著低于对照组(P0.05),而蛋白质效率的变化规律则与饲料系数相反。血清酚氧化物酶(phenoloxidase,PO)、碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,AKP)和酸性磷酸酶(acid phosphatase,ACP)活性随添加量的增加先升高后降低,分别为0.4%、0.1%和0.2%时,达到最大值。过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)、溶菌酶(lysozyme,LZM)和超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性,实验组均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。实验组过氧化氢酶(CAT)m RNA表达量和溶菌酶(LZM)m RNA表达量均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。哈维弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)攻毒96 h,对虾存活率随添加量的增加显著升高(P0.05)。以增重率(weight gain rate,WGR)为判断依据,根据折线模型得出,饲料中添加0.23%嗜酸乳杆菌可显著促进凡纳滨对虾生长,并提高非特异性免疫酶活性。 相似文献
3.
[目的]采用生物信息学方法预测鼠李糖乳杆菌LGG细胞壁蛋白和功能分析。[方法]以鼠李糖乳杆菌LGG基因组编码蛋白序列为研究对象,采用Phobius和Signal P 4.0软件分析该菌株的细胞壁蛋白,同时采用COG功能数据库对预测的细胞壁蛋白进行功能分析。[结果]鼠李糖乳杆菌LGG基因组中含有41个细胞壁蛋白,这些蛋白的功能分析结果显示,41个细胞壁蛋白中,25个蛋白没有功能注释,16个有功能注释,主要与细胞壁和细胞膜的生物合成,碳水化合物的代谢与转运,蛋白质的翻译后修饰等功能有关。[结论]该研究从结构和功能上分析鼠李糖乳杆菌细胞壁蛋白,为分析益生菌适应环境的分子特征打下基础。 相似文献
4.
以日喀则地区马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)茎叶为原料制作青贮饲料,分别与玉米(Zea mays)面、小麦(Triticum aestivum)麸、聚合草(Symphytum officinale)、紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)、青饲玉米、燕麦草(Arrhenatherum elatius)、干青稞(Hordeum vulgare)秸秆、干油菜(Brassica napus)壳等材料混贮,以甲酸、尿素、食盐和6种生物菌剂(A,活性乳酸菌冻干粉;B,益加益秸秆发酵剂;C,千牧EM菌原种;D,百益宝EM菌种;E,微特美益生菌种;F,粗饲料降解剂)为添加剂,聚乙烯袋真空包装分别于发酵30、60、90d后进行感官评定及生化分析,采用隶属函数法综合评价青贮品质。结果表明,日喀则地区马铃薯茎叶青贮饲料在制作后30d已经基本完成发酵进入青贮稳定阶段,能长期有效保持饲料的水分及营养物质。单独的马铃薯茎叶青贮效果差,添加生物菌剂、甲酸、麦麸、玉米面、青饲玉米秸秆、燕麦草可以改善青贮品质,其中添加麦麸的效果优于玉米面,添加青饲玉米优于添加燕麦草。聚合草含水量高、紫花苜蓿营养丰富,但是与马铃薯茎叶混贮发酵效果差。干油菜壳不适于与马铃薯茎叶混贮。菌剂A、B的青贮效果要优于E、F。研究得出,马铃薯茎叶+30%麦麸,马铃薯茎叶+0.3%尿素+0.4%食盐+30%麦麸+D,茎叶+30%麦麸+B这3个青贮处理效果较好。 相似文献
5.
Selection of lactic acid bacteria as candidate probiotics for Vibrio parahaemolyticus depuration in pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) 下载免费PDF全文
Sadok Khouadja Najla Haddaji Meriam Hanchi Amina Bakhrouf 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(4):1885-1894
The application of probiotics in food is now widespread and is widely accepted by consumers. Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) were isolated from traditional salted fish and then characterized by its ability to inhibit Vibrio parahaemolyticus growth using minimal inhibitory concentration tests. Five out of these strains were identified as Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus casei and three Lactobacillus gasseri by PCR using 16S and 23S rRNA genes. Antibiofilm activity of Lactobacillus spp. extracts were also tested in 96 polystyrene plates. A potential antibiofilm effect was demonstrated as most LAB. Although most LAB extract were able to eradicate pre‐formed biofilm, results demonstrated that five Lactobacillus spp. exhibited a stronger inhibitory effect against V. parahaemolyticus in infected oysters. Vibrio parahaemolyticus viable cells number declined from 106 UFC to 104 UFC after 3 days of incubation with Lactobacillus spp. Probiotic applications, in biological control of seafood associated pathogens can be an alternative solution, providing consumer with a product of good quality owing to the use of non‐toxic compounds. Based on our results, LAB could be used as a bioprotective culture in oyster's depuration to prevent V. parahaemolyticus growth. 相似文献
6.
Effect of laboratory‐isolated Lactobacillus plantarum LGFCP4 from gastrointestinal tract of guinea fowl on growth performance,carcass traits,intestinal histomorphometry and gastrointestinal microflora population in broiler chicken 下载免费PDF全文
P. G. Vineetha S. Tomar V. K. Saxena M. Kapgate A. Suvarna K. Adil 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2017,101(5):e362-e370
The study aimed to investigate the effect of feed supplements, viz Lactobacillus plantarum LGFCP4 (laboratory isolate from GIT of Guinea fowl), Lactobacillus acidophilus (NCDC, Karnal) and in‐feed antibiotic bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) on growth performance, FCR, carcass traits and immune organs weight, intestinal histomorphometry and gastrointestinal microflora population in broiler chickens. In a completely randomized design, CARIBRO‐Dhanraja broiler chicks (n = 160) were used with four treatment groups. During the entire experimental duration of 35 days, treatment groups were provided with different dietary treatments (T1 – basal diet (negative control), T2 – antibiotic growth promoter BMD 20 g/100 kg feed (positive control), T3 – 1 × 108 cfu of L. acidophilus/gm‐fermented feed +MOS 1 g/kg feed and T4 – 1 × 108 cfu of laboratory‐isolated L. plantarum LGFCP4/gm‐fermented feed+ MOS 1 g/kg feed. After 35 days of experimental period, no significant results have been observed in different growth performance traits among treatment groups. Cut‐up parts and edible organs' weight remained unaffected by dietary supplementation, whereas weight of immune organs were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in L. plantarum LGFCP4‐supplemented group. At the end of feeding trial, significantly (p < 0.05) lower E. coli count was observed in crop of T4 birds, while in ileum, T2 and T3 showed lower count. In caeca, T2 group showed lowest E. coli count. Salmonella count in crop and ileum was significantly (p < 0.05) low in T3 and T4, while in caeca, T2 group showed lowest count. In terms of histomorphometry, duodenal villous height (VH), crypt depth (CD) and VH:CD ratio were higher for T3 and T4 and lowest values were obtained for T2 group. The results of the study showed that L. plantarum LGFCP4 isolated from GIT of guinea fowl can effectively replace in‐feed antibiotic growth promoters in broiler diets by altering intestinal villi morphology and improving the gut health by reducing the pathogenic microbial load. 相似文献
7.
The effects of diet supplemented with Lactobacillus rhamnosus on tissue parameters of rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) 下载免费PDF全文
Natalija Topic Popovic Ivancica Strunjak‐Perovic Roberta Sauerborn‐Klobucar Josip Barisic Margita Jadan Snjezana Kazazic Inga Kesner‐Koren Andreja Prevendar Crnic Jelena Suran Blanka Beer Ljubic Vesna Matijatko Rozelindra Coz‐Rakovac 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(5):2388-2401
This study was carried out to establish the effects of a 6 week treatment with the diet supplemented with L. rhamnosus in concentrations of 107 CFU g?1 (G1 group) and 108 CFU g?1 (G2 group) on the condition expressed by condition factors (Fulton's, Clark's and B), intestinal microbiology, haematological, histological and selected antioxidative parameters of rainbow trout. A significantly higher condition factors were found in G1 group indicating that higher concentration of probiotic (108 CFU g?1) did not result in the better condition. Cholesterol and urea levels were significantly higher in both G1 and G2 groups, albumin in G1 and creatinine in G2 group with respect to control. A significantly higher liver TBARS level was observed in G2 group. The feeding with supplemented probiont apparently changed the resident microbiota. Three weeks after withdrawal of the supplemented feed, the microflora mostly reverted to the control composition, although L. rhamnosus in faecal matter of fish remained inherent. The epithelial structure of the proximal and distal intestine revealed the increased absorptive area in both treated groups, as well as the increase in the mucin‐secreting goblet cells. The L. rhamnosus‐treated groups demonstrated the capacity for the augmentation of the innate host defence. 相似文献
8.
E. Valečková E. Ivarsson P. Ellström H. Wang K. Mogodiniyai Kasmaei H. Wall 《British poultry science》2020,61(4):433-441
ABSTRACT 1. This study investigated the effects of daily intake of silage or haylage on broiler production performance and organ development. Furthermore, effects of daily intake of Lactobacillus plantarum either via silage or by supplemented drinking water, on Campylobacter jejuni loads in faeces were studied. 2. To test this, a 42-d experiment using Ross 308 and a 63-d experiment with Rowan Rangers hybrids, were performed. Silage inoculated with L. plantarum strain 256 and haylage were fed in total mixed rations with mixtures of 85% of pellets and 15% of respective forage (DM-based weight). Feed intake (FI), forage intake, body weight (BW) and feed conversion ration (FCR) were monitored weekly. Mortality was recorded daily, and organ weights were registered at slaughter. Quantification of C. jejuni was performed by colony counts from faecal samples after culture on agar plates. 3. There was a negative effect of haylage on BW and FI in the fast-growing Ross 308 hybrid. Silage had a negative effect on BW only on week four and six. Water inoculated with L. plantarum 256 increased BW in the starter period. Interestingly, no significant adverse effect of forage inclusion was observed in the Rowan Ranger birds. 4. Relative weight of the emptied gizzard was higher in both Ross 308 and Rowan Ranger birds fed haylage and silage than in the control group. In Ross 308 birds, both forages significantly reased the relative weight of gizzard with digestive content when compared to birds fed solely pellets. 5. In both studies, higher consumption of silage than haylage was observed. 6. In conclusion, daily intake of L. plantarum 256 either via silage or supplemented in drinking water, was not effective in reducing the shedding of C. jejuni in either Ross 308 or Rowan Ranger hybrids at the end of the rearing period. 相似文献
9.
TIAN Zong-min ZHANG Ping ZHAO Yi-bo LIU Wen-na WANG Zi-jing ZHANG Hong-yu ZHANG Rui WEI Ping 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(8):2194-2203
This study used Real-time PCR to detect the changes of expression quantity of claudin 3 (CLDN-3), cytokeratin 8 (KRT8) and mucin 1 (MUC1) three proteins mRNA in IPEC-J2 cells at three different time points.IPEC-J2 cells were infected by TGEV, we explored whether Lactobacillus amylovorus metabolites could enhance cell barrier function by maintaining or improving mRNA expression of CLDN-3, KRT8 and MUC1, whether had effects on the barrier function of IPEC-J2 infected by TGEV.The results showed that mRNA expressions of MUC1, CLDN-3 and KRT8 in the normal cell control group did not change significantly with time (P> 0.05); MRS medium culture group did not change significantly compared to the normal cell control group(P> 0.05); Gene expressions of MUC1, CLDN-3 and KRT8 proteins in Lactobacillus amylovorus metabolites alone treatment group showed significant time-dependent effect (P< 0.05).After being treated 24, 36 and 48 h, gene expressions of MUC1, CLDN-3 and KRT8 proteins in Lactobacillus amylovorus metabolites+TGEV experiment group was significantly higher than virus control group (P< 0.05).Lactobacillus amylovorus metabolites could improve MUC1, CLDN-3 and KRT8 expressions in IPEC-J2 cells, while being able to negatively regulate MUC1, CLDN-3 and KRT8 expressions that TGEV induced in IPEC-J2 cells, thereby inhencing the barrier function of IPEC-J2 cell against TGEV. 相似文献
10.
为比较肉雏鸡在饮水中添加干酪乳杆菌与氟苯尼考对肉雏鸡生长性能与免疫力的影响,本试验选取1日龄肉鸡120只,随机分为3个处理组,分别为对照组、干酪乳杆菌组、氟苯尼考组,每个处理组4个重复,每个重复10只,试验期为21 d,检测不同阶段各处理组的平均日增重、料重比、免疫器官指数、外周血IgG含量、盲肠sIgA含量、淋巴细胞增殖能力。结果显示,饮水中添加干酪乳杆菌对肉雏鸡体重、平均日增重、平均日采食量影响不显著,添加氟苯尼考显著抑制了肉雏鸡的生长性能(P0.05),二者对肉雏鸡料重比的影响均差异不显著。添加干酪乳杆菌对肉雏鸡免疫器官指数影响不显著,但显著提高了肉雏鸡外周血IgG含量、盲肠sIgA含量以及外周血淋巴细胞增殖能力(P0.05),添加氟苯尼考显著抑制了肉雏鸡的免疫水平(P0.05)。结果表明新进肉雏鸡在饮水中添加氟苯尼考对雏鸡的生长性能及免疫力有显著的抑制作用,应减少使用,而添加干酪乳杆菌对提高雏鸡免疫力是有益的。 相似文献